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{{Short description|Book by Bhaskara II}} | |||
{{italic title}} | {{italic title}} | ||
'''''Siddhānta Śiromaṇi''''' ([[Sanskrit]]: सिद्धान्त शिरोमणि | [[File:Page from Lilavati, the first volume of Siddhānta Śiromaṇī. Use of the Pythagorean theorem in the corner.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Page from ''Lilavati'', the first volume of ''Siddhānta Śiromaṇī''. Use of the Pythagorean theorem in the corner. 1650 edition]] | ||
'''''Siddhānta Śiromaṇi''''' ([[Sanskrit]]: सिद्धान्त शिरोमणि, "Crown of treatises"){{sfn|Kim Plofker|2009|p=71}} is the major treatise of Indian mathematician [[Bhāskara II]].<ref>{{citation|first=David M.|last=Burton|title=The History of Mathematics: An Introduction|edition= 7th|year=2011|publisher=McGraw Hill|isbn=978-0-07-338315-6}}</ref> He wrote the ''Siddhānta Śiromaṇi'' in 1150 when he was 36 years old. The work is composed in Sanskrit Language in 1450 verses.<ref>{{cite web|title=khagol Maandal|url=http://www.khagolmandal.com/index.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=45&limitstart=1}}</ref> | |||
==Parts== | ==Parts== | ||
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The name of the book comes from his daughter, Līlāvatī. It is the first volume of the ''Siddhānta Śiromaṇi''. The book contains thirteen chapters, 278 verses, mainly [[arithmetic]] and [[measurement]]. | The name of the book comes from his daughter, Līlāvatī. It is the first volume of the ''Siddhānta Śiromaṇi''. The book contains thirteen chapters, 278 verses, mainly [[arithmetic]] and [[measurement]]. | ||
=== | ===Beejagaṇita=== | ||
{{Main|Bijaganita}} | {{Main|Bijaganita}} | ||
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=== ''Gaṇitādhyāya'' and ''Golādhyāya'' === | === ''Gaṇitādhyāya'' and ''Golādhyāya'' === | ||
''Gaṇitādhyāya'' and ''Golādhyāya'' of ''Siddhānta Śiromaṇi'' are devoted to astronomy. All put together there are about 900 verses.<ref>{{cite web|title= | ''Gaṇitādhyāya'' and ''Golādhyāya'' of ''Siddhānta Śiromaṇi'' are devoted to astronomy. All put together there are about 900 verses.<ref>{{cite web|title=BHASKAR'S ASTRONOMY|url=http://www.khagolmandal.com/index.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=45&limitstart=2}}</ref> (''Gaṇitādhyāya'' has 451 and ''Golādhyāya'' has 501 verses). | ||
== Translations == | |||
In 1797, Safdar Ali Khan of [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]] translated the ''Siddhanta Shiromani'' into Persian as ''Zij-i Sarumani''. The translation is now a [[Lost literary work|lost work]], and is known only from a mention in Khan's other work - ''Zij-i Safdari''.<ref>{{cite book |author=S. M. Razaullah Ansari |chapter=Persian translations of Bhāskara's Sanskrit texts and their impact in the following centuries |editor1=K. Ramasubramanian |editor2=[[Takao Hayashi]] |editor3=Clemency Montelle |title=Bhāskara-prabhā: Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences |series=Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences |publisher=Springer |year=2019 |isbn=9789811360343 |doi=10.1007/978-981-13-6034-3_18 |page=386 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=K. Ramasubramanian |chapter=The Last Combinatorial Problem in Bhāskara’s Līlāvatī |title=Gaṇitānanda |year=2019 |publisher=Springer |doi=10.1007/978-981-13-1229-8_30 |isbn=9789811312298 |page=291 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AEe9DwAAQBAJ }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
=== Bibliography === | |||
{{ref begin}} | |||
* {{cite book |author=Kim Plofker |author-link=Kim Plofker |title=Mathematics in India |title-link= Mathematics in India (book) |year=2009 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691120676}} | |||
{{ref end}} | |||
==External links == | ==External links == | ||
* [https://archive.org/details/SiddhantaSiromaniSanskrit Scan of reprint] [https://archive.org/stream/siddhntairomai00bhskuoft#page/n3/mode/2up A 1917 edition] | * [https://archive.org/details/SiddhantaSiromaniSanskrit Scan of reprint] [https://archive.org/stream/siddhntairomai00bhskuoft#page/n3/mode/2up A 1917 edition] | ||
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[[Category:1150s books]] | [[Category:1150s books]] | ||
[[Category:Indian astronomy texts]] | [[Category:Indian astronomy texts]] | ||
[[Category:12th-century Sanskrit literature]] | |||
{{Math-hist-stub}} | |||
Latest revision as of 20:25, 12 July 2025
Siddhānta Śiromaṇi (Sanskrit: सिद्धान्त शिरोमणि, "Crown of treatises")[1] is the major treatise of Indian mathematician Bhāskara II.[2] He wrote the Siddhānta Śiromaṇi in 1150 when he was 36 years old. The work is composed in Sanskrit Language in 1450 verses.[3]
Parts[edit | edit source]
Līlāvatī[edit | edit source]
The name of the book comes from his daughter, Līlāvatī. It is the first volume of the Siddhānta Śiromaṇi. The book contains thirteen chapters, 278 verses, mainly arithmetic and measurement.
Beejagaṇita[edit | edit source]
It is the second volume of Siddhānta Śiromaṇi. It is divided into six parts, contains 213 verses and is devoted to algebra.
Gaṇitādhyāya and Golādhyāya[edit | edit source]
Gaṇitādhyāya and Golādhyāya of Siddhānta Śiromaṇi are devoted to astronomy. All put together there are about 900 verses.[4] (Gaṇitādhyāya has 451 and Golādhyāya has 501 verses).
Translations[edit | edit source]
In 1797, Safdar Ali Khan of Hyderabad translated the Siddhanta Shiromani into Persian as Zij-i Sarumani. The translation is now a lost work, and is known only from a mention in Khan's other work - Zij-i Safdari.[5][6]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Kim Plofker 2009, p. 71.
- ↑ Burton, David M. (2011), The History of Mathematics: An Introduction (7th ed.), McGraw Hill, ISBN 978-0-07-338315-6
- ↑ "khagol Maandal".
- ↑ "BHASKAR'S ASTRONOMY".
- ↑ S. M. Razaullah Ansari (2019). "Persian translations of Bhāskara's Sanskrit texts and their impact in the following centuries". In K. Ramasubramanian; Takao Hayashi; Clemency Montelle (eds.). Bhāskara-prabhā: Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences. Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences. Springer. p. 386. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6034-3_18. ISBN 9789811360343.
- ↑ K. Ramasubramanian (2019). "The Last Combinatorial Problem in Bhāskara's Līlāvatī". Gaṇitānanda. Springer. p. 291. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1229-8_30. ISBN 9789811312298.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Kim Plofker (2009). Mathematics in India. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691120676.