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{{EngvarB|date=November 2022}} | {{EngvarB|date=November 2022}} | ||
'''John Garrett''' was a Wesleyan missionary | '''John Garrett''' (1815–1893)<ref>{{cite web |title=Garrett, John – Persons of Indian Studies by Prof. Dr. Klaus Karttunen |url=https://whowaswho-indology.info/2179/garrett-john/ |website=whowaswho-indology.info |date=13 February 2017}}</ref> was a Wesleyan missionary in India, at the Canarese Mission in [[Bangalore Petah]], and by profession a printer. | ||
Garrett was a linguist and a scholar of languages including [[Canarese]] (Kannada), [[Sanskrit]] ad [[Tamil language|Tamil]], as well as Persian, German and Latin. He established the Wesleyan Mission Press at Bangalore Petah around 1841. Garrett founded the Central High School in 1858, now the [[Central College, Bangalore|Central College]], and served as its first principal. | |||
Further, Garrett held posts in the Department of Public Instruction of [[Mysore State]]. His most significant contribution to [[Kannada literature]] was the first translation of the ''[[Bhagawat Gita]]'' into Kannada in 1846.<ref name="Hindu">{{cite news |last1=Madhusudana |first1=K S |title=Reading a rare work: Rev. John Garrett's The BHAGAVAT-GEETA of 1846 in Kannada is a rare multi-lingual version |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/reading-a-rare-work/article29723943.ece |access-date=24 August 2022 |agency=The Hindu |date=17 October 2019}}</ref><ref name="Findlay1924">{{cite book |last1=Findlay |first1=D D |last2=Holdsworth |first2=WW |title=The history of the Wesleyan Methodist missionary society, Volume V |date=1924 |publisher=The Epworth Press |location=London }}</ref> | |||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
{{Empty section|date=November 2025}} | |||
== In Bangalore == | == In Bangalore == | ||
John Garrett owned large | John Garrett owned large tracts of land in Bangalore, and some 454 acres of his land was acquired by the British Guardians of the Maharaja of Mysore to build the [[Bangalore Palace]] in 1873. Garrett had already built a European styled manor on these grounds in 1862, and this building was further renovated to the Tudor style, and adding more fortifications. The land was acquired for a sum of BIR 23,000 <ref name="BM2017">{{cite news |title=The king of all land parcels |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/the-king-of-all-land-parcels/articleshow/60943702.cms |access-date=25 August 2022 |agency=Bangalore Mirror |date=5 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="BM2011">{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Manasi Paresh |title=Lord of the manor |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/lord-of-the-manor/articleshow/21695356.cms |access-date=25 August 2022 |agency=Bangalore Mirror |date=27 January 2011}}</ref><ref name="bengaluru2022">{{cite web |title=Gone With The Royalty |url=https://bengaluru.com/gone-with-the-royalty/ |website=bengaluru.com |date=15 April 2020 |access-date=25 August 2022}}</ref> | ||
Further, [[Mark Cubbon (army officer)|Mark Cubbon]], the Commissioner of Mysore, acquired 14 acres of land from Garrett | Further, [[Mark Cubbon (army officer)|Mark Cubbon]], the Commissioner of Mysore, acquired 14 acres of land from Garrett, to build his residence the Balabrooie, and this is now the official guesthouse of the Government of Karnataka.<ref name="ET2016">{{cite news |last1=Shekar |first1=Divya |title=The Balabrooie guest house in Bengaluru reminded the British of the Isle of Man |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/the-balabrooie-guest-house-in-bengaluru-reminded-the-british-of-the-isle-of-man/articleshow/51276022.cms |access-date=25 August 2022 |agency=The Economic Times |issue=Bangalore |date=6 March 2016}}</ref> | ||
Mary Sophia Garrett, John's daughter married to [[B. Lewis Rice|Benjamin Lewis Rice]], an eminent historian, archaeologist and educationist, who also served as the first director of the Mysore State Archaeology Department<ref name="ET2016" /> | Mary Sophia Garrett, John's daughter married to [[B. Lewis Rice|Benjamin Lewis Rice]], an eminent historian, archaeologist and educationist, who also served as the first director of the Mysore State Archaeology Department<ref name="ET2016" /> | ||
==Death== | |||
John Garrett died at Chorlton Lodge, [[Hampton Hill]], London, on 20 June 1893.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hampton Hill |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000684/18930701/104/0005 |work=Surrey Comet |date=1 July 1893|page=5}}</ref> | |||
==Wesleyan Mission Press, Bangalore== | ==Wesleyan Mission Press, Bangalore== | ||
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Some of the earliest traceable publications of the press are | Some of the earliest traceable publications of the press are | ||
* ''Canarese and English Instructor, or a Help in acquiring a knowledge of the English language.'' (1841) by an anonymous author, only copy with the British Council Library, New Delhi | * ''Canarese and English Instructor, or a Help in acquiring a knowledge of the English language.'' (1841) by an anonymous author, only copy with the British Council Library, New Delhi | ||
* ''Katha Manjare. Or, a Collection of Canarese stories'' (1841) <ref name="Acharoo1841">{{cite book |title=Katha Manjare, Or A Collection of Canarese Stories: With an English Translation and a Brief Canarese & English Vocabulary |date=1841 |publisher=Gopal Acharoo |location=Bangalore |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k7QnAAAAYAAJ |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="Rhodes1970">{{cite journal |last1=Rhodes |first1=D E |title=Printing at Bangalore, 1840-1850 |journal=The British Museum Quarterly |date=1970 |volume=34 |issue=3/4 |pages=83–86 |jstor=4423049 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4423049 |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref> | * ''Katha Manjare. Or, a Collection of Canarese stories'' (1841) <ref name="Acharoo1841">{{cite book |title=Katha Manjare, Or A Collection of Canarese Stories: With an English Translation and a Brief Canarese & English Vocabulary |date=1841 |publisher=Gopal Acharoo |location=Bangalore |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k7QnAAAAYAAJ |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="Rhodes1970">{{cite journal |last1=Rhodes |first1=D E |title=Printing at Bangalore, 1840-1850 |journal=[[British Museum Quarterly|The British Museum Quarterly]] |date=1970 |volume=34 |issue=3/4 |pages=83–86 |jstor=4423049 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4423049 |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref> | ||
Other publications | Other publications | ||
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==Notable works== | ==Notable works== | ||
* 1846, "The Bhagavat-Geeta Or, Dialogues of Krishna and Arjoon, in Eighteen Lectures : Sanscrit, Canarese, and English, in Parallel Columns" <ref name="Garrett1846">{{cite book |last1=Garrett |first1=John |title=The Bhagavat-Geeta Or, Dialogues of Krishna and | * 1846, "The Bhagavat-Geeta Or, Dialogues of Krishna and Arjoon, in Eighteen Lectures : Sanscrit, Canarese, and English, in Parallel Columns" <ref name="Garrett1846">{{cite book |last1=Garrett |first1=John |title=The Bhagavat-Geeta Or, Dialogues of Shri Krishna and Arjuna, in Eighteen Lectures : Sanscrit, Canarese, and English, in Parallel Columns |date=1846 |publisher=Wesleyan Mission Press |location=Bangalore |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QadEAQAAMAAJ |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref> | ||
* 1871, "Classical Dictionary of India: Illustrative of the Mythology Philosophy Literature Antiquities Arts Manners Customs & C. The Hindus"<ref name="Garrett1871">{{cite book |last1=Garrett |first1=John |title=Classical Dictionary of India: Illustrative of the Mythology Philosophy Literature Antiquities Arts Manners Customs & C. The Hindus |date=1871 |publisher=Wesleyan Mission Press |location=Bangalore |url=https://ia902909.us.archive.org/24/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.96695/2015.96695.A-Classical-Dictionary-Of-India.pdf |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref> | * 1871, "Classical Dictionary of India: Illustrative of the Mythology Philosophy Literature Antiquities Arts Manners Customs & C. The Hindus"<ref name="Garrett1871">{{cite book |last1=Garrett |first1=John |title=Classical Dictionary of India: Illustrative of the Mythology Philosophy Literature Antiquities Arts Manners Customs & C. The Hindus |date=1871 |publisher=Wesleyan Mission Press |location=Bangalore |url=https://ia902909.us.archive.org/24/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.96695/2015.96695.A-Classical-Dictionary-Of-India.pdf |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref> | ||
| Line 41: | Line 48: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:1815 births]] | |||
[[Category:1893 deaths]] | |||
[[Category:Wesleyan Canarese Mission]] | [[Category:Wesleyan Canarese Mission]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:British missionary educators]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:British missionary linguists]] | ||
[[Category:Methodist missionaries in India]] | [[Category:Methodist missionaries in India]] | ||
[[Category:Dravidologists]] | [[Category:Dravidologists]] | ||
| Line 49: | Line 58: | ||
[[Category:Kannada grammar]] | [[Category:Kannada grammar]] | ||
[[Category:Translators of the Bible into Kannada]] | [[Category:Translators of the Bible into Kannada]] | ||
[[Category:Military personnel from | [[Category:Military personnel from Bengaluru]] | ||
[[Category:English Methodist missionaries]] | [[Category:English Methodist missionaries]] | ||
[[Category:British missionaries in India]] | |||
[[Category:19th-century biblical scholars]] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:59, 22 February 2026
John Garrett (1815–1893)[1] was a Wesleyan missionary in India, at the Canarese Mission in Bangalore Petah, and by profession a printer.
Garrett was a linguist and a scholar of languages including Canarese (Kannada), Sanskrit ad Tamil, as well as Persian, German and Latin. He established the Wesleyan Mission Press at Bangalore Petah around 1841. Garrett founded the Central High School in 1858, now the Central College, and served as its first principal.
Further, Garrett held posts in the Department of Public Instruction of Mysore State. His most significant contribution to Kannada literature was the first translation of the Bhagawat Gita into Kannada in 1846.[2][3]
Early life[edit | edit source]
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (November 2025) |
In Bangalore[edit | edit source]
John Garrett owned large tracts of land in Bangalore, and some 454 acres of his land was acquired by the British Guardians of the Maharaja of Mysore to build the Bangalore Palace in 1873. Garrett had already built a European styled manor on these grounds in 1862, and this building was further renovated to the Tudor style, and adding more fortifications. The land was acquired for a sum of BIR 23,000 [4][5][6]
Further, Mark Cubbon, the Commissioner of Mysore, acquired 14 acres of land from Garrett, to build his residence the Balabrooie, and this is now the official guesthouse of the Government of Karnataka.[7]
Mary Sophia Garrett, John's daughter married to Benjamin Lewis Rice, an eminent historian, archaeologist and educationist, who also served as the first director of the Mysore State Archaeology Department[7]
Death[edit | edit source]
John Garrett died at Chorlton Lodge, Hampton Hill, London, on 20 June 1893.[8]
Wesleyan Mission Press, Bangalore[edit | edit source]
John Garrett and Mr. Jenkins were appointed as Canarese missionaries in 1840, and were authorised to start a printing press in the Bangalore Pettah, which was the part of Bangalore under the jurisdiction of the Mysore State. Garrett was a printer by trade before joining the Wesleyan Mission.[3] The press was funded by English gentry and took a few months to complete. Before this, printing in Canarese was done at the Vepery Mission Press, Church Street, outside Madras, which was established in 1779. Even though printing at the Bangalore Press started in 1840, the earliest books in the collection of the British Museum are from 1841. And for the first few years, the books had to be sent to Madras for binding, as the Bangalore Press did not have the facilities in its early years of operation.
Some of the earliest traceable publications of the press are
- Canarese and English Instructor, or a Help in acquiring a knowledge of the English language. (1841) by an anonymous author, only copy with the British Council Library, New Delhi
- Katha Manjare. Or, a Collection of Canarese stories (1841) [9][10]
Other publications
- R A Cole, "An Elementary Grammar of the Coorg Language"[11]
- An Elementary Grammar of the Kannada, or Canarese Language (1864)[12]
- A dictionary, Canarese and English (1858)[13]
Notable works[edit | edit source]
- 1846, "The Bhagavat-Geeta Or, Dialogues of Krishna and Arjoon, in Eighteen Lectures : Sanscrit, Canarese, and English, in Parallel Columns" [14]
- 1871, "Classical Dictionary of India: Illustrative of the Mythology Philosophy Literature Antiquities Arts Manners Customs & C. The Hindus"[15]
Sketches[edit | edit source]
Fellow Wesleyan missionary and linguist Thomas Hodson made several sketches about the life in the Bangalore Petah and Mysore State. One of these paintings at the Museum of Sydney, The Rocks, part of the Caroline Simpson Collection, Clyde Bank, shows the Wesleyan Mission Chapel, re-built by Rev. J Garrett (1846)[16]
See also[edit | edit source]
- Hudson Memorial Church, Bangalore
- Rice Memorial Church, Bangalore
- United Mission School
- William Arthur Memorial Church, Gubbi
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Garrett, John – Persons of Indian Studies by Prof. Dr. Klaus Karttunen". whowaswho-indology.info. 13 February 2017.
- ↑ Madhusudana, K S (17 October 2019). "Reading a rare work: Rev. John Garrett's The BHAGAVAT-GEETA of 1846 in Kannada is a rare multi-lingual version". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Findlay, D D; Holdsworth, WW (1924). The history of the Wesleyan Methodist missionary society, Volume V. London: The Epworth Press.
- ↑ "The king of all land parcels". Bangalore Mirror. 5 October 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ↑ Kumar, Manasi Paresh (27 January 2011). "Lord of the manor". Bangalore Mirror. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ↑ "Gone With The Royalty". bengaluru.com. 15 April 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Shekar, Divya (6 March 2016). "The Balabrooie guest house in Bengaluru reminded the British of the Isle of Man". No. Bangalore. The Economic Times. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ↑ "Hampton Hill". Surrey Comet. 1 July 1893. p. 5.
- ↑ Katha Manjare, Or A Collection of Canarese Stories: With an English Translation and a Brief Canarese & English Vocabulary. Bangalore: Gopal Acharoo. 1841. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ↑ Rhodes, D E (1970). "Printing at Bangalore, 1840-1850". The British Museum Quarterly. 34 (3/4): 83–86. JSTOR 4423049. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ↑ Cole, R A (1867). An Elementary Grammar of the Coorg Language. Bangalore: Wesleyan Mission Press. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ↑ Hodson, T (1864). An Elementary Grammar of Kannada or Canarese Language. Bangalore: Wesleyan Mission Press. ISBN 9785873933433. Retrieved 24 November 2015.
- ↑ Reeve, William (1858). Sanderson, Daniel (ed.). A Dictionary, Canarese and english. Bangalore: Wesleyan Mission Press. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ↑ Garrett, John (1846). The Bhagavat-Geeta Or, Dialogues of Shri Krishna and Arjuna, in Eighteen Lectures : Sanscrit, Canarese, and English, in Parallel Columns. Bangalore: Wesleyan Mission Press. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ↑ Garrett, John (1871). Classical Dictionary of India: Illustrative of the Mythology Philosophy Literature Antiquities Arts Manners Customs & C. The Hindus (PDF). Bangalore: Wesleyan Mission Press. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ↑ "The Wesleyan Mission Chapel re-built by the Revd. J. Garrett 1846 (Drawn by J Rozario [?] Junior Scholar High School)". Historic House Trust, NSW. Retrieved 20 November 2015.