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{{Misls}} | {{Misls}} | ||
The '''Dallewalia''' [[misl]] was a [[Sikh]] | The '''Dallewalia Misl''' was one of the twelve misls of the Sikh Confederacy. The [[Sikh Confederacy|misl]] was founded by Sardar Gulab Singh, a Khatri [[Sikh]], as a [[Jatha]], but he was later succeeded by a [[Jat Sikh|Jatt Sikh]] named Tara Singh Ghaiba of the Kang clan. Tara Singh made the Jatha into a powerful misl in the 18th century.<ref>{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Bhagat |title=A History of the Sikh Misals |date=2009 |publisher=[[Punjabi University]] |isbn=978-8130201818 |page=225 |language=English |chapter=Chapter 9: The Dallewalia Misal}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Gupta |first=Hari Ram |title=History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of Sikh Misls |date=2001 |publisher=[[Munshiram Manoharlal|Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers]] |isbn=978-8121501651 |page=52 |language=English |chapter=Chapter 3: The Dallewalia Misl}}</ref> It held territory in the Jalandhar region and northern Malwa. | ||
== History == | |||
== | === Origins === | ||
The misl was founded by both Khatris and Jats.<ref name="Dhavan">{{cite book |last=Dhavan |first=Purnima |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-7HJ5idB8_QC&pg=PA61 |title=When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-19-975655-1 |page= |pages=60–61}}</ref> The founder of this Misl was [[Sardar Gulab Singh]]<ref>Singh, Surinder Pal (2009). ''History Of Sikh Misls''. p. 149</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dhavan, Purnima. |title=When sparrows became hawks : the making of the Sikh warrior tradition, 1699-1799 |date=2011 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-975655-1 |location=New York |oclc=695560144}}</ref> resident of the village of [[Dalewal|Dallewal]] near Dera Baba Nanak, in Doaba Bist [[Jalandhar]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Surinder Pal |title=History Of Sikh Misls |publisher= |year=2009 |isbn= |location= |pages=149}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dhawan |first=Purnima |title=When Sparrows Became Hawks, The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699–1799 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-19-975655-1 |location= |pages=}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Gupta |first=Hari Ram |title=History of the Sikhs: The Sikh commonwealth or Rise and fall of Sikh misls |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishing |year=1978 |isbn= |location= |pages=52}}</ref> He took [[Pahul]] and became an active member of the [[Dal Khalsa (Sikh Army)|Dal Khalsa]] in 1726 A.D and launched upon a career of chivalry, fighting against the tyrannical government of the Punjab. One day at the head of 150 comrades, he attacked Jalandhar and having obtained a rich booty all of them returned to their camp in the jungle safely.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.IvTheSikhCommonwealthOrRiseAndFallOfSikh |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. IV The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls |language=English}}</ref> | |||
Gulab Singh, with his two brothers, Dayal Singh and Gurdyal Singh and two sons, Jaipal Singh and Hardyal Singh, actively participated in the chhota ghallughara in June 1746. In 1748, Gulab Singh was declared to be the head of the Dallewalias, with Gurdyal Singh and [[Sardar Tara Singh Ghaiba|Tara Singh Ghaiba]] as his deputies<ref name=":0" /> | |||
== | === Skirmish with Najib Khan Rohilla of Najibabad === | ||
Gulab Singh | In the year 1756, in collaboration with his friend, Sardar Karora Singh, Gulab Singh attacked [[Rohilla|Najib Khan Rohilla]] of [[Najibabad]]. Nawab Doda Khan offered a stiff resistance in the beginning but shortly thereafter he escaped from the battlefield. Later, Gulab Singh chastised [[Zabita Khan|Nawab Zabita Khan]] of [[Meerut]]. Then, he turned his attention towards [[Muzaffarnagar]], [[Deoband]], [[Miranpur, Uttar Pradesh|Miranpur]] and [[Saharanpur]]. Finding themselves unable to face him, the rulers of these places offered tribute and paid obeisance to him.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Surinder Pal|title=History of the Sikh Misls|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=227}}</ref> | ||
After the | === Encounter with Ahmed Shah Abdali === | ||
In 1756-57, when [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmad Shah Abdali]], after plundering [[Delhi]], was carrying with him a huge booty and many young Hindu girls, he was obstructed by the Sikhs at river [[Ravi River|Ravi]] and dispossessed of much of the booty. All the girls were got released from the Afghans and restored to their parents. Gulab Singh, accompanied by his men, actively participated in this enterprise. The same year, an intelligence of the Sikhs gave them an information that revenue, to the tune of five lakh rupees, collected from the area between Sarai Rawalpindi and Rohtas, was being carried to [[Lahore]]. Hearing this news Gulab Singh and Karora Singh, at the head of their men, attacked the guard that was escorting the treasure near [[Jhelum]] and took away the money with which they purchased provisions and distributed the same among the dais of the Khalsa.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
=== Decline === | |||
Gulab Singh died in 1759, in the [[Kalanaur, Gurdaspur|Battle of Kalanaur]], 27 km west of [[Gurdaspur]], fighting against Ambo Khan. His two sons, Jaipal Singh and Hardyal Singh had died earlier in the [[Basholi|Battle of Basohli.]] So the leadership of the Misl was entrusted to Gurdyal Singh, one of the close associates of Gulab Singh. Gurdyal Singh also died about an year after the assumption of the Sardari of the Misal. Tara Singh succeeded Gurdyal Singh<ref name=":2" /> | |||
After the death of Sardar Gulab Singh in 1759, his successor was [[Sardar Tara Singh Ghaiba]] (1717–1807), who ruled and further expanded his Misl up to [[Ambala]] Area (Haryana Region). With other Sikh Sardars he sacked the [[Kasur]] city of Pathans and joined the Sikh Sardars in the sack of [[Sirhind-Fategarh|Sirhind]] City in 1764. In 1807, after the death of Tara Singh Ghaiba, his territories were annexed to the empire of [[Ranjit Singh]]. The Dallewalia and [[Nishanwalia Misl|Nishanwalia]] Jathas were stationed at Amritsar to protect the holy city.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
== Territory == | |||
The misl originated from Dallewal near Jalandhar.<ref name="Dhavan" /> The Dallewalias held territory in parts of Jalandhar and northern Malwa.<ref name="Dhavan" /> The Dallewalia Misl controlled areas on the right-bank of the upper Sutlej river.''<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Herrli |first=Hans |title=The Coins of the Sikhs |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |year=2004 |isbn=9788121511322 |edition=2nd |pages=11–13 |chapter=The Sikh Misls}}</ref>'' | |||
== Leaders == | |||
Prominent leaders of the misl were:<ref name="Dhavan" /> | |||
* Gulab Singh | |||
* Tara Singh Gheba | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Sardar Gulab Singh]] | * [[Sardar Gulab Singh]] | ||
* [[Sardar Tara Singh Ghaiba]] | * [[Sardar Tara Singh Ghaiba]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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{{Sikhism}} | {{Sikhism}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Sikh Confederacy]] | ||
[[Category:Princely states of Punjab]] | |||
[[Category:Jalandhar district]] | |||
{{Sikhism-stub}} | {{Sikhism-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:41, 5 January 2026
| Misls of the Sikh Confederacy |
|---|
 |
|
Phulkian Misl · Ahluwalia Misl · Bhangi Misl · Kanhaiya Misl · Ramgarhia Misl · Singhpuria Misl · Panjgarhia Misl · Nishanwalia Misl · Sukerchakia Misl · Dallewalia Misl · Nakai Misl · Shaheedan Misl |
The Dallewalia Misl was one of the twelve misls of the Sikh Confederacy. The misl was founded by Sardar Gulab Singh, a Khatri Sikh, as a Jatha, but he was later succeeded by a Jatt Sikh named Tara Singh Ghaiba of the Kang clan. Tara Singh made the Jatha into a powerful misl in the 18th century.[1][2] It held territory in the Jalandhar region and northern Malwa.
History[edit | edit source]
Origins[edit | edit source]
The misl was founded by both Khatris and Jats.[3] The founder of this Misl was Sardar Gulab Singh[4][5] resident of the village of Dallewal near Dera Baba Nanak, in Doaba Bist Jalandhar.[6][7][8] He took Pahul and became an active member of the Dal Khalsa in 1726 A.D and launched upon a career of chivalry, fighting against the tyrannical government of the Punjab. One day at the head of 150 comrades, he attacked Jalandhar and having obtained a rich booty all of them returned to their camp in the jungle safely.[9]
Gulab Singh, with his two brothers, Dayal Singh and Gurdyal Singh and two sons, Jaipal Singh and Hardyal Singh, actively participated in the chhota ghallughara in June 1746. In 1748, Gulab Singh was declared to be the head of the Dallewalias, with Gurdyal Singh and Tara Singh Ghaiba as his deputies[6]
Skirmish with Najib Khan Rohilla of Najibabad[edit | edit source]
In the year 1756, in collaboration with his friend, Sardar Karora Singh, Gulab Singh attacked Najib Khan Rohilla of Najibabad. Nawab Doda Khan offered a stiff resistance in the beginning but shortly thereafter he escaped from the battlefield. Later, Gulab Singh chastised Nawab Zabita Khan of Meerut. Then, he turned his attention towards Muzaffarnagar, Deoband, Miranpur and Saharanpur. Finding themselves unable to face him, the rulers of these places offered tribute and paid obeisance to him.[10]
Encounter with Ahmed Shah Abdali[edit | edit source]
In 1756-57, when Ahmad Shah Abdali, after plundering Delhi, was carrying with him a huge booty and many young Hindu girls, he was obstructed by the Sikhs at river Ravi and dispossessed of much of the booty. All the girls were got released from the Afghans and restored to their parents. Gulab Singh, accompanied by his men, actively participated in this enterprise. The same year, an intelligence of the Sikhs gave them an information that revenue, to the tune of five lakh rupees, collected from the area between Sarai Rawalpindi and Rohtas, was being carried to Lahore. Hearing this news Gulab Singh and Karora Singh, at the head of their men, attacked the guard that was escorting the treasure near Jhelum and took away the money with which they purchased provisions and distributed the same among the dais of the Khalsa.[6]
Decline[edit | edit source]
Gulab Singh died in 1759, in the Battle of Kalanaur, 27 km west of Gurdaspur, fighting against Ambo Khan. His two sons, Jaipal Singh and Hardyal Singh had died earlier in the Battle of Basohli. So the leadership of the Misl was entrusted to Gurdyal Singh, one of the close associates of Gulab Singh. Gurdyal Singh also died about an year after the assumption of the Sardari of the Misal. Tara Singh succeeded Gurdyal Singh[10]
After the death of Sardar Gulab Singh in 1759, his successor was Sardar Tara Singh Ghaiba (1717–1807), who ruled and further expanded his Misl up to Ambala Area (Haryana Region). With other Sikh Sardars he sacked the Kasur city of Pathans and joined the Sikh Sardars in the sack of Sirhind City in 1764. In 1807, after the death of Tara Singh Ghaiba, his territories were annexed to the empire of Ranjit Singh. The Dallewalia and Nishanwalia Jathas were stationed at Amritsar to protect the holy city.[8]
Territory[edit | edit source]
The misl originated from Dallewal near Jalandhar.[3] The Dallewalias held territory in parts of Jalandhar and northern Malwa.[3] The Dallewalia Misl controlled areas on the right-bank of the upper Sutlej river.[11]
Leaders[edit | edit source]
Prominent leaders of the misl were:[3]
- Gulab Singh
- Tara Singh Gheba
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Singh, Bhagat (2009). "Chapter 9: The Dallewalia Misal". A History of the Sikh Misals. Punjabi University. p. 225. ISBN 978-8130201818.
- ↑ Gupta, Hari Ram (2001). "Chapter 3: The Dallewalia Misl". History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of Sikh Misls. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 52. ISBN 978-8121501651.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Dhavan, Purnima (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799. Oxford University Press. pp. 60–61. ISBN 978-0-19-975655-1.
- ↑ Singh, Surinder Pal (2009). History Of Sikh Misls. p. 149
- ↑ Dhavan, Purnima. (2011). When sparrows became hawks : the making of the Sikh warrior tradition, 1699-1799. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-975655-1. OCLC 695560144.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Singh, Surinder Pal (2009). History Of Sikh Misls. p. 149.
- ↑ Dhawan, Purnima (2011). When Sparrows Became Hawks, The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699–1799. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-975655-1.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Gupta, Hari Ram (1978). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh commonwealth or Rise and fall of Sikh misls. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishing. p. 52.
- ↑ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. IV The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Singh, Surinder Pal. History of the Sikh Misls. p. 227.
- ↑ Herrli, Hans (2004). "The Sikh Misls". The Coins of the Sikhs (2nd ed.). Munshiram Manoharlal. pp. 11–13. ISBN 9788121511322.
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