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| {{short description|1962 film}} | | {{wikt|abhijñä}} |
| {{Use Indian English|date=September 2013}}
| | '''Abhijan''' may refer to: |
| {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}
| | * [[Abhijñā]], Sanskrit term for knowledge, and supernormal knowledge in Buddhism |
| {{Infobox film
| | * [[Abhijan (1962 film)|''Abhijan'' (1962 film)]], an Indian Bengali film directed by Satyajit Ray |
| | name = Abhijan (The Expedition)
| | * [[Abhijan (1984 film)|''Abhijan'' (1984 film)]], a Bangladeshi film directed by Abdur Razzak |
| | image = Abhijan poster.jpg
| | * [[Abhijaan (2022 film)|''Abhijaan'' (2022 film)]], an Indian Bengali biographical film directed by Parambrata Chatterjee |
| | caption = Poster
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| | director = [[Satyajit Ray]]
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| | producer = Abhijatrik
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| | writer = [[Satyajit Ray]], adapted from the novel ''Abhijan'' by [[Tarashankar Bandopadhyay]]
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| | starring = [[Soumitra Chatterjee]]<br>[[Waheeda Rehman]]<br>[[Ruma Guha Thakurta]]<br>Gnyanesh Mukherjee<br> Charuprakash Ghosh<br>[[Rabi Ghosh]]<br>[[Arun Roy]]
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| | distributor =
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| | cinematography = [[Soumendu Roy]]
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| | released = {{Film date|df=y|1962|09|28|}}
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| | runtime = 150 min.
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| | country = [[India]]
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| | language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
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| | budget =
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| }}
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| '''''Abhijan''''' (''অভিযান'', The Expedition) is a 1962 [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali film]] directed by the [[Cinema of India|Indian]] filmmaker [[Satyajit Ray]].
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| ==Introduction== | | ==See also== |
| The film gives the famous Ray flavour in its composition, flow and dialogues, and use of symbols. The protagonist Narasingh (played by Soumitra Chatterjee) was a direct influence for the character of the cynical cab driver [[Travis Bickle]] (played by [[Robert De Niro]]) in [[Martin Scorsese]]'s ''[[Taxi Driver]]'' (1976).<ref>{{cite web|title=Satyajit Ray – Auteur Extraordinaire (Part 2) |author=Shubhajit Lahiri |publisher=Culturazzi |date=5 June 2009 |url=http://culturazzi.org/review/people-celebrities-artists/satyajit-ray-part2 |access-date=2009-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629210720/http://culturazzi.org/review/people-celebrities-artists/satyajit-ray-part2 |archive-date=29 June 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> Scorsese himself has credited Satyajit Ray as a major influence on his work.<ref>{{cite web|author=Chris Ingui |publisher=Hatchet |url=http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2002/03/04/Arts/Martin.Scorsese.Hits.Dc.Hangs.With.The.Hachet-195598.shtml |title=Martin Scorsese hits DC, hangs with the Hachet |access-date=2009-06-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826214118/http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2002/03/04/Arts/Martin.Scorsese.Hits.Dc.Hangs.With.The.Hachet-195598.shtml |archive-date=26 August 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Raging Bull: A film review |author=Jay Antani |year=2004 |publisher=[[Filmcritic.com]] |url=http://www.filmcritic.com/misc/emporium.nsf/reviews/Raging-Bull |access-date=2009-05-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208084836/http://www.filmcritic.com/misc/emporium.nsf/reviews/Raging-Bull |archive-date=8 December 2007 |df=dmy }}</ref>
| | *''[[Abhijnanasakuntala|Abhijnana Sakuntala]]'', ancient Indian play in Sanskrit by Kalidasa |
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| ==Plot==
| | {{dab}} |
| [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] plays Narsingh, a taxi driver. Narsingh is a proud and hot-tempered [[Rajput]] with a passion for his car, a vintage 1930 [[Chrysler]] and his [[Rajput]] heritage. Being a descendant of a royal Rajput family, his self-esteem is reflected through his inability to accept insult and defeat, as a result of which he even takes part in a small race with his car. He does not want to be the one who falls behind and develops a strong hatred for women and mankind in general. As a result of reckless driving, while overtaking the car which carried the district inspector, his licence is taken from him. He is utterly destroyed by it, since the cab was his life after his wife had left him for good. Deeply affected by the insult and a feeling of rootlessness, he decides to go back to the land of [[rajput]] where his true rajput lineage will be respected. While on an aimless journey, Narsingh is picked up by Sukharam who is a local [[Marwaris|Marwari]] businessman with a record of smuggling and human trafficking.
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| <!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Abhijan 02.jpg|thumb|left|A scene from the film depicting [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] (right), [[Gnyanesh Mukherjee]]]] -->
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| Sukharam (Charuprakash Ghosh) offers him a handsome fee to transport some goods which actually is opium. The realisation of the immoral trade puts Narsingh in a compromising position, but he decides to join hands with Sukharam anyway. After all no one he saw was truly following the path of law and morality, not even his ideal and beloved Neeli ([[Ruma Guha Thakurta]]).
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| Neeli runs away with the crippled lover of hers and Narsingh's deep distrust of women deepens. As a result, even after knowing that Gulabi is a victim of Sukharams trafficking he forces her to sleep with him without any emotional involvement. At this point he is almost on the verge of becoming the one he used to hate, the lawless ones who also fail to face the world.
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| Gulabi ([[Waheeda Rehman]]), on the other hand is a melancholy, demonstrative and beautiful village widow. Gulabi is instinctively drawn to Narsingh. In spite of losing her dignity, she still looks at the bright side of life and has trust that Narsingh is not immoral. She is attracted to him from the beginning and ready for a physical relationship, though not as a prostitute which Sukharam intended her to be at that time, but as a village girl.
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| After he decides to join the gang of smugglers consisting of a legal deal and selling his car, he finds that all his friends that had been with him for so long, including Rama, and Neeli's brother, have abandoned him. He gets the money and social status he wanted but reduces himself to [[Mama Bhagne]], a symbol of someone carrying the baggage of his own sin on his head, until he topples and is reduced to mere pebbles with no dignity. He changes, and rescues Gulabi just in time, before she was to be sold to the same lawyer who was a member of the smuggling racket he had thought of joining.
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| The tension of the good and evil collapses and the old car makes another journey into nothingness but with a halo of light ahead of it, the light of love.
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| ==Cast==
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| * [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] as Narsingh
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| * [[Waheeda Rehman]] as Gulabi
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| * [[Ruma Guha Thakurta]] as Neeli
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| * [[Rabi Ghosh]] as Rama
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| * Gnyanesh Mukherjee as Joseph
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| * Charuprakash Ghosh as Sukharam
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| * [[Arun Roy]]
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| ==Preservation==
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| The [[Academy Film Archive]] preserved ''Abhijan'' in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|title=Preserved Projects|url=http://www.oscars.org/academy-film-archive/preserved-projects?title=&filmmaker=satyajit+ray&category=All&collection=All|website=Academy Film Archive}}</ref>
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| ==Awards==
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| ;[[National Film Awards]]
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| * [[10th National Film Awards|1962]]: [[National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film|All India Certificate of Merit for the Second Best Feature Film]]<ref name="10thaward">{{cite web|url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm10thNFAAward.aspx|title=10th National Film Awards|publisher=[[International Film Festival of India]]|access-date=9 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929062243/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm10thNFAAward.aspx|archive-date=29 September 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| *Satyajit Ray, ''[[The Inner Eye]]'' – [[W. Andrew Robinson]], {{ISBN|1-86064-965-3}}
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| ==External links==
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| *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070616222726/http://www.satyajitray.org/films/abhijan.htm ''Abhijan''] at satyajitray.org
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| * {{IMDb title|0055724|অভিযান<br>Abhijan (The Expedition)}}
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| * {{Amg movie|294873|অভিযান<br>Abhijan (The Expedition)}}
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| {{National Film Award Second Best Feature Film}}
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| {{Satyajit Ray}}
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| [[Category:Films directed by Satyajit Ray]]
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| [[Category:Bengali-language films]]
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| [[Category:Indian films]]
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| [[Category:1962 films]]
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| [[Category:Films with screenplays by Satyajit Ray]]
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| [[Category:Second Best Feature Film National Film Award winners]]
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| [[Category:1960s Bengali-language films]]
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