Kampili kingdom: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Short description|14th century Hindu kingdom in South India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
[[File:Map of Kampili kingdom.png|thumb|Map of Kampili kingdom]]
[[File:Map of Kampili kingdom.png|thumb|The map of the [[Indian subcontinent]] in 1320 CE, with Kampili kingdom shown in the southern parts of [[Karnataka]].]]
[[File:Shiva temple on Hemakuta hill 3.JPG|thumb|right|Shiva temple on Hemakuta hill in Hampi was built by [[Kampilideva|Kampili Raya]], ruler of the Kampili Kingdom.]]
[[File:Shiva temple on Hemakuta hill 3.JPG|thumb|right|A Shiva temple on Hemakuta hill in [[Hampi]] was built by [[Kampilideva]], the last king of the Kampili Kingdom.]]
The '''Kampili kingdom''' was a short-lived Hindu kingdom of early 14th-century in the Deccan region.<ref name="Stein1989p18"/><ref name=talbot281/> The kingdom existed near [[Ballari]] and [[Tungabhadra]] river in northeastern parts of the present-day [[Karnataka]] state, [[India]].<ref name=talbot281>{{cite book|author=Cynthia Talbot|title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pfAKljlCJq0C&pg=PA281 |year=2001|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-803123-9|pages=281–282}}</ref> It ended after a defeat by the armies of [[Delhi Sultanate]], and a ''[[jauhar]]'' (ritual mass suicide) in 1327/28 CE when it faced a certain defeat.<ref name="Storm2015p311">{{cite book|author=Mary Storm|title=Head and Heart: Valour and Self-Sacrifice in the Art of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0sJcCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT311 |year=2015|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-32556-7|page=311}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Kanhaiya L Srivastava|title=The position of Hindus under the Delhi Sultanate, 1206-1526|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-cMgAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal|page=202|isbn=9788121502245}}</ref> The Kampili kingdom in some historical accounts is called the Basnaga kingdom, and as what inspired and ultimately led to the Hindu [[Vijayanagara Empire]].<ref name=gilmartin300>{{cite book|author1=David Gilmartin|author2=Bruce B. Lawrence|title=Beyond Turk and Hindu: Rethinking Religious Identities in Islamicate South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZhT5Ilq5kAC&pg=PA321|year=2000|publisher=University Press of Florida|isbn=978-0-8130-3099-9|pages=300–306, 321–322}}</ref>
The '''Kampili kingdom''' was a short-lived Hindu kingdom in the 14th century CE in South India.<ref name="Stein1989p18"/><ref name=talbot281/> The kingdom existed near [[Ballari]] in the [[Tungabhadra River|Tungabhadra]] river in the northeastern parts of the present-day [[Karnataka]] state, [[India]].<ref name=talbot281>{{cite book|author=Cynthia Talbot|title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pfAKljlCJq0C&pg=PA281 |year=2001|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-803123-9|pages=281–282}}</ref> It was destroyed after a defeat by the armies of the [[Tughlaq dynasty]] and a ''[[Jauhar]]'' (mass war suicide by immolation) in 1327 CE when it faced a defeat.<ref name="Storm2015p311">{{cite book|author=Mary Storm|title=Head and Heart: Valour and Self-Sacrifice in the Art of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0sJcCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT311 |year=2015|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-32556-7|page=311}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Kanhaiya L Srivastava|title=The position of Hindus under the Delhi Sultanate, 1206-1526|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-cMgAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal|page=202|isbn=9788121502245}}</ref> The Kampili kingdom in some historical accounts is called the Basnaga kingdom, and it is the kingdom which inspired and ultimately led to the Hindu [[Vijayanagara Empire]].<ref name=gilmartin300>{{cite book|author1=David Gilmartin|author2=Bruce B. Lawrence|title=Beyond Turk and Hindu: Rethinking Religious Identities in Islamicate South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZhT5Ilq5kAC&pg=PA321|year=2000|publisher=University Press of Florida|isbn=978-0-8130-3099-9|pages=300–306, 321–322}}</ref>


The founder of the kingdom was a Hoysala commander, Singeya Nayaka-III (1280–1300 AD), who declared independence after the Muslim forces of the Delhi Sultanate defeated and captured the territories of the [[Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri]] in 1294 CE. Nayaka-III was succeeded by his son [[Kampilideva]] in 1300, who remained in dispute with the territorial claims of Delhi Sultanate. The Kampili kingdom finally fell to the invasion in 1327/28 CE from the north by the forces of [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]], the Sultan of Delhi.<ref name="Stein1989p18"/> The triumphant army led by Malik Zada sent the news of its victory, over Kampili kingdom, to Muhammad bin Tughluq in Delhi by sending a straw-stuffed severed head of the dead Hindu king.<ref name="Storm2015p311"/> From the ruins of the Kampili kingdom, soon rose the [[Vijayanagara Empire]] in 1336 CE, and grew into one of the famed empires of India that ruled Southern India for over 200 years.<ref name="Stein1989p18">{{cite book|author=Burton Stein|title=The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpxeaYQbGDMC&pg=PA18 |year=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26693-2|pages=18–19}}</ref><ref name=gilmartin300/>
==History==
The founder of the kingdom was a Hoysala commander, Singeya Nayaka-III (1280 CE–1300 CE), who declared independence after the Turkish forces of the Dehli Sultanate was killed by the [[Seuna (Yadava) dynasty|Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri]] in their territories in 1294 CE. Nayaka-III was succeeded by his son [[Kampilideva]] in 1300 CE, who remained in dispute with the territorial claims of the Delhi Sultanate's forces. The Kampili kingdom then [[Siege of Kampili|fell to the invasion]] in 1327 CE from the north by the forces of [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]], the Tughlaq king of Delhi.<ref name="Stein1989p18"/> The army led by Malik Zada sent the news of its victory over Kampili kingdom to Muhammad bin Tughluq in Delhi by sending the straw-stuffed beheaded head and body of the dead Hindu king Kampilideva.<ref name="Storm2015p311"/> The [[Vijayanagara Empire]] emerged in 1336 CE from the remains of this kingdom and it ruled over South India for 310 years.<ref name="Stein1989p18">{{cite book|author=Burton Stein|title=The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpxeaYQbGDMC&pg=PA18 |year=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26693-2|pages=18–19}}</ref><ref name=gilmartin300/>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Old Kannada inscription (1326 AD) of Kampili Raya in Shiva temple on Hemakuta hill in Hampi.JPG|Old Kannada inscription (1326 A.D.) of Kampili Raya, King of Kampili Kingdom, in [[mantapa]] of a Shiva temple built by him on Hemakuta hill in [[Hampi]].
File:Old Kannada inscription (1326 AD) of Kampili Raya in Shiva temple on Hemakuta hill in Hampi.JPG|Old Kannada inscription (1326 CE) of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, in [[mandapa]] of a Shiva temple built by him on Hemakuta hill in [[Hampi]].
File:Old Kannada inscription (1326 AD) of Kampili Raya on rock face of Hemakuta hill in Hampi.JPG|Old Kannada inscription (1326 A.D.) of Kampili Raya, King of Kampili Kingdom, on rock face of Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
File:Old Kannada inscription (1326 AD) of Kampili Raya on rock face of Hemakuta hill in Hampi.JPG|Old Kannada inscription (1326 CE) of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, on a rock face of the Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
File:Old Kannada inscription (1309 A.D.) of Kampili Raya on rockface of Hemakuta hill in Hampi.JPG|Old Kannada inscription dated 1309 A.D., of Kampili Raya, King of Kampili Kingdom, on rock face of Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
File:Old Kannada inscription (1309 A.D.) of Kampili Raya on rockface of Hemakuta hill in Hampi.JPG|Old Kannada inscription dated 1309 CE, of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, on a rock face of the Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
</gallery>
</gallery>


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* [[Kammata Durga]], the capital of the Kampili kingdom
* [[Kammata Durga]], the capital of the Kampili kingdom
* [[Kampilideva]], the last Kampili king, father of [[Kumara Rama]]
* [[Kampilideva]], the last Kampili king, the father of [[Kumara Rama]]
* [[Kumara Rama]], a Kampili prince
* [[Kumara Rama]], a Kampili prince


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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Hoysala Empire]]
[[Category:Hoysala Kingdom]]
[[Category:History of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Medieval Karnataka]]
[[Category:Medieval Indian monarchies]]

Latest revision as of 21:58, 4 November 2025


The map of the Indian subcontinent in 1320 CE, with Kampili kingdom shown in the southern parts of Karnataka.
A Shiva temple on Hemakuta hill in Hampi was built by Kampilideva, the last king of the Kampili Kingdom.

The Kampili kingdom was a short-lived Hindu kingdom in the 14th century CE in South India.[1][2] The kingdom existed near Ballari in the Tungabhadra river in the northeastern parts of the present-day Karnataka state, India.[2] It was destroyed after a defeat by the armies of the Tughlaq dynasty and a Jauhar (mass war suicide by immolation) in 1327 CE when it faced a defeat.[3][4] The Kampili kingdom in some historical accounts is called the Basnaga kingdom, and it is the kingdom which inspired and ultimately led to the Hindu Vijayanagara Empire.[5]

History[edit | edit source]

The founder of the kingdom was a Hoysala commander, Singeya Nayaka-III (1280 CE–1300 CE), who declared independence after the Turkish forces of the Dehli Sultanate was killed by the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri in their territories in 1294 CE. Nayaka-III was succeeded by his son Kampilideva in 1300 CE, who remained in dispute with the territorial claims of the Delhi Sultanate's forces. The Kampili kingdom then fell to the invasion in 1327 CE from the north by the forces of Muhammad bin Tughluq, the Tughlaq king of Delhi.[1] The army led by Malik Zada sent the news of its victory over Kampili kingdom to Muhammad bin Tughluq in Delhi by sending the straw-stuffed beheaded head and body of the dead Hindu king Kampilideva.[3] The Vijayanagara Empire emerged in 1336 CE from the remains of this kingdom and it ruled over South India for 310 years.[1][5]

Gallery[edit | edit source]

  • Old Kannada inscription (1326 CE) of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, in mandapa of a Shiva temple built by him on Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
    Old Kannada inscription (1326 CE) of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, in mandapa of a Shiva temple built by him on Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
  • Old Kannada inscription (1326 CE) of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, on a rock face of the Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
    Old Kannada inscription (1326 CE) of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, on a rock face of the Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
  • Old Kannada inscription dated 1309 CE, of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, on a rock face of the Hemakuta hill in Hampi.
    Old Kannada inscription dated 1309 CE, of Kampilideva, the Raja of the Kampili Kingdom, on a rock face of the Hemakuta hill in Hampi.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Burton Stein (1989). The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara. Cambridge University Press. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-0-521-26693-2.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cynthia Talbot (2001). Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra. Oxford University Press. pp. 281–282. ISBN 978-0-19-803123-9.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Mary Storm (2015). Head and Heart: Valour and Self-Sacrifice in the Art of India. Taylor & Francis. p. 311. ISBN 978-1-317-32556-7.
  4. ↑ Kanhaiya L Srivastava (1980). The position of Hindus under the Delhi Sultanate, 1206-1526. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 202. ISBN 9788121502245.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 David Gilmartin; Bruce B. Lawrence (2000). Beyond Turk and Hindu: Rethinking Religious Identities in Islamicate South Asia. University Press of Florida. pp. 300–306, 321–322. ISBN 978-0-8130-3099-9.
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