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{{Short description|Egyptian political activist (1926–1995)}} | {{Short description|Egyptian political activist (1926–1995)}} | ||
[[File:Said Ramadan 1961 (crop of Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F009529-0018).jpg|thumb|Said Ramadan in 1961 | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}} | ||
'''Said Ramadan''' ({{ | [[File:Said Ramadan 1961 (crop of Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F009529-0018).jpg|thumb|Said Ramadan in 1961]] | ||
'''Said Ramadan''' ({{langx|ar|سعيد رمضان}}; 12 April 1926 – 4 August 1995) was an Egyptian political activist, and one of the preeminent leaders of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]]. | |||
[[File:President Dwight D. Eisenhower in the Oval Office with Muslim delegates in 1953.jpg|thumb|Said Ramadan (second from the right) in the [[Oval Office]] with US President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] and other Muslim leaders in 1953]] | [[File:President Dwight D. Eisenhower in the Oval Office with Muslim delegates in 1953.jpg|thumb|Said Ramadan (second from the right) in the [[Oval Office]] with US President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] and other Muslim leaders in 1953]] | ||
He was the son-in-law of [[Hassan al-Banna]], the Muslim Brotherhood's founder, and emerged as one of the brotherhood's main leaders in the 1950s. Ramadan was often accused by the Egyptian government of [[Gamal Abdul Nasser]] of being in the [[CIA]]'s pay. | He was the son-in-law of [[Hassan al-Banna]], the Muslim Brotherhood's founder, and emerged as one of the brotherhood's main leaders in the 1950s. Ramadan was often accused by the Egyptian government of [[Gamal Abdul Nasser]] of being in the [[CIA]]'s pay. After being expelled from Egypt for his activities, Ramadan moved to [[Saudi Arabia]] where he was one of the original members of the constituent council of the [[Muslim World League]], a charity and missionary group funded by the Saudi government. From the 1950s, he was considered the Muslim Brotherhood's unofficial "foreign minister."<ref name=Algar-1>{{cite book | ||
|last=Algar | |last=Algar | ||
|first=Hamid | |first=Hamid | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
Ramadan also played a pivotal role in [[Pakistan]], where he moved in 1948, after the [[creation of Israel]], to attend the [[World Muslim Congress]] held in [[Karachi]] as the representative of the Muslim Brotherhood. However he was not chosen as its secretary-general because of his extremism. He was still able to influence young Pakistani intellectuals by hosting weekly radio programs and publishing booklets discussing Islamic affairs. Ramadan met [[Abul A'la Maududi]] and was endorsed by Prime Minister [[Liaquat Ali Khan]], who prefaced one of his books. To better integrate in Pakistani society he wore a ''[[Jinnah cap]]'', which "made people forget he was Egyptian". His work as an ideologue is said to have contributed in making Pakistan an [[Constitution of Pakistan of 1956|Islamic Republic in 1956]], as "he was omnipresent in the media - arguing, on every occasion, for legislation based on the [[sharia]]."<ref>[[Caroline Fourest]], ''Brother Tariq: The Doublespeak of Tariq Ramadan'', Encounter Books (2008), pp. 45-46</ref> | |||
From the 1950s, Ramadan enjoyed extensive support from the [[CIA]], which saw him as an ally in the battle against [[communism]] | From the 1950s, Ramadan enjoyed extensive support from the [[CIA]], which saw him as an ally in the battle against [[communism]]. By the end of the 1950s, "the CIA was overtly backing Ramadan. While it is overly simplistic to call him a US agent, in the 1950s and 1960s the United States supported him as he took over a mosque in [[Munich]], kicking out local Muslims to build what would become one of the Brotherhood's most important centers, a refuge for the beleaguered group during its decades in the wilderness. One of his close confidants was Bosnian Muslim [[Mahmoud K. Muftić]], who had married his cousin.<ref>Ian Johnson, ''A Mosque in Munich: Nazis, the CIA, and the Rise of the Muslim Brotherhood in the West'', Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010, {{ISBN|0547488688}}</ref> In the end, the US did not gain much for its efforts, as Ramadan was more interested in spreading his Islamist agenda than fighting communism."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nybooks.com/daily/2011/02/05/washingtons-secret-history-muslim-brotherhood/|title=Washington's Secret History with the Muslim Brotherhood|first=Ian|last=Johnson|date=5 February 2011 |publisher=}}</ref> | ||
Said Ramadan was the father of [[Hani Ramadan]] and [[Tariq Ramadan]]. On 9 August 1995 Ramadan was interred next to his father-in-law [[Hassan al-Banna]]. The ''Said Ramadan Peace Prize'' is named in his honour.<ref>{{cite web |website=Islam.de |url=http://islam.de/11062.php |title=Tariq Ramadan verlieh Scholl-Latour den "Dr. Said Ramadan Friedenspreis für Dialog und Völkerverständigung," |date=20 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024131501/http://islam.de/11062.php |archive-date=24 October 2008 |url-status=live |language=German |trans-title=Tariq Ramadan gave Scholl-Latour the "Dr. Said Ramadan Peace Prize for dialogue and understanding between peoples"}}</ref> | Said Ramadan was the father of [[Hani Ramadan]] and [[Tariq Ramadan]]. On 9 August 1995 Ramadan was interred next to his father-in-law [[Hassan al-Banna]]. The ''Said Ramadan Peace Prize'' is named in his honour.<ref>{{cite web |website=Islam.de |url=http://islam.de/11062.php |title=Tariq Ramadan verlieh Scholl-Latour den "Dr. Said Ramadan Friedenspreis für Dialog und Völkerverständigung," |date=20 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024131501/http://islam.de/11062.php |archive-date=24 October 2008 |url-status=live |language=German |trans-title=Tariq Ramadan gave Scholl-Latour the "Dr. Said Ramadan Peace Prize for dialogue and understanding between peoples"}}</ref> | ||
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramadan, Said}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Ramadan, Said}} | ||
[[Category:1926 births]] | |||
[[Category:1995 deaths]] | [[Category:1995 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Egyptian Muslims]] | |||
[[Category:Muslim Brotherhood founders]] | [[Category:Muslim Brotherhood founders]] | ||
[[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood members]] | [[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood members]] | ||
[[Category:People of the Central Intelligence Agency]] | [[Category:People of the Central Intelligence Agency]] | ||
[[Category:CIA and Islamism]] | [[Category:CIA and Islamism]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:40, 25 May 2025
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Said Ramadan (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; 12 April 1926 – 4 August 1995) was an Egyptian political activist, and one of the preeminent leaders of the Muslim Brotherhood.
He was the son-in-law of Hassan al-Banna, the Muslim Brotherhood's founder, and emerged as one of the brotherhood's main leaders in the 1950s. Ramadan was often accused by the Egyptian government of Gamal Abdul Nasser of being in the CIA's pay. After being expelled from Egypt for his activities, Ramadan moved to Saudi Arabia where he was one of the original members of the constituent council of the Muslim World League, a charity and missionary group funded by the Saudi government. From the 1950s, he was considered the Muslim Brotherhood's unofficial "foreign minister."[1]
Ramadan also played a pivotal role in Pakistan, where he moved in 1948, after the creation of Israel, to attend the World Muslim Congress held in Karachi as the representative of the Muslim Brotherhood. However he was not chosen as its secretary-general because of his extremism. He was still able to influence young Pakistani intellectuals by hosting weekly radio programs and publishing booklets discussing Islamic affairs. Ramadan met Abul A'la Maududi and was endorsed by Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan, who prefaced one of his books. To better integrate in Pakistani society he wore a Jinnah cap, which "made people forget he was Egyptian". His work as an ideologue is said to have contributed in making Pakistan an Islamic Republic in 1956, as "he was omnipresent in the media - arguing, on every occasion, for legislation based on the sharia."[2]
From the 1950s, Ramadan enjoyed extensive support from the CIA, which saw him as an ally in the battle against communism. By the end of the 1950s, "the CIA was overtly backing Ramadan. While it is overly simplistic to call him a US agent, in the 1950s and 1960s the United States supported him as he took over a mosque in Munich, kicking out local Muslims to build what would become one of the Brotherhood's most important centers, a refuge for the beleaguered group during its decades in the wilderness. One of his close confidants was Bosnian Muslim Mahmoud K. Muftić, who had married his cousin.[3] In the end, the US did not gain much for its efforts, as Ramadan was more interested in spreading his Islamist agenda than fighting communism."[4]
Said Ramadan was the father of Hani Ramadan and Tariq Ramadan. On 9 August 1995 Ramadan was interred next to his father-in-law Hassan al-Banna. The Said Ramadan Peace Prize is named in his honour.[5]
Books and booklets[edit | edit source]
- Islamic law; its scope and equity
- Islam and nationalism
- Three major problems confronting the world of Islam
- Islam, doctrine and way of life
- What we stand for
- What is an Islamic state?
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Algar, Hamid (2002). Wahhabism: A Critical Essay. Oneonta, NY: Islamic Publications International. pp. 49–50.
Its constituent council, which met for the first time in December 1962, was headed by the then chief mufti of Saudi Arabia, Muhammad b. Ibrahim Al al-Shaykh, a lineal descendant of Muhammad b. Abd al-Wahhab, and the presidency remains to this day vested in the Saudi chief mufti. Included among its eight other members were important representatives of the Salafi tendency: Sa'id Ramadan, son-in-law of Hasan al-Banna, ....Maulana Abu l-A'la Maududi .... Maulanda Abu 'l-Hasan Nadvi (d. 2000) of India.
- ↑ Caroline Fourest, Brother Tariq: The Doublespeak of Tariq Ramadan, Encounter Books (2008), pp. 45-46
- ↑ Ian Johnson, A Mosque in Munich: Nazis, the CIA, and the Rise of the Muslim Brotherhood in the West, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010, ISBN 0547488688
- ↑ Johnson, Ian (5 February 2011). "Washington's Secret History with the Muslim Brotherhood".
- ↑ "Tariq Ramadan verlieh Scholl-Latour den "Dr. Said Ramadan Friedenspreis für Dialog und Völkerverständigung,"" [Tariq Ramadan gave Scholl-Latour the "Dr. Said Ramadan Peace Prize for dialogue and understanding between peoples"]. Islam.de (in German). 20 October 2008. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)