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'''Operation Diadem order of battle''' is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the [[Winter Line]] and at the Anzio bridgehead south of [[Rome]] during ''[[Operation Diadem]]'' in May - June 1944 which resulted in the Allied breakthrough at [[Battle of Monte Cassino|Cassino]] and the breakout at [[Operation Shingle|Anzio]] leading to the capture of Rome. | '''Operation Diadem order of battle''' is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the [[Winter Line]] and at the Anzio bridgehead south of [[Rome]] during ''[[Operation Diadem]]'' in May - June 1944 which resulted in the Allied breakthrough at [[Battle of Monte Cassino|Cassino]] and the breakout at [[Operation Shingle|Anzio]] leading to the capture of Rome. | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
====Army Reserve==== | ====Army Reserve==== | ||
:* [[IV Corps (United States)|H.Q. U.S. IV Corps]] | :* [[IV Corps (United States)|H.Q. U.S. IV Corps]] | ||
:* [[36th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. 36th Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Fred L. Walker]]) ( | :* [[36th Infantry Division (United States)|U.S. 36th Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Fred L. Walker]]) (Until 18 May 1944) | ||
===[[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|British Eighth Army]] (on the Winter Line)=== | ===[[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|British Eighth Army]] (on the Winter Line)=== | ||
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:*[[8th Infantry Division (India)|8th Indian Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Dudley Russell]]) | :*[[8th Infantry Division (India)|8th Indian Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Dudley Russell]]) | ||
:*[[78th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|British 78th Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Charles Keightley]]) | :*[[78th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|British 78th Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Charles Keightley]]) | ||
:*[[1st Canadian Armoured Brigade]] ([[Brigadier]] W. C. Murphy) | :*[[1st Canadian Armoured Brigade]] ([[Brigadier]] [[William Cameron Murphy|W. C. Murphy]]) | ||
====[[I Canadian Corps]]==== | ====[[I Canadian Corps]]==== | ||
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:* [[4th Infantry Division (India)|4th Indian Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Arthur Holworthy]]) | :* [[4th Infantry Division (India)|4th Indian Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Arthur Holworthy]]) | ||
:* [[10th Indian Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Denys Whitehorn Reid|Denys Reid]]) | :* [[10th Indian Infantry Division]] (Major-General [[Denys Whitehorn Reid|Denys Reid]]) | ||
:*[[23rd Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)|British 23rd Armoured Brigade]] (Brigadier [[Robert Arkwright|R.H. | :*[[23rd Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)|British 23rd Armoured Brigade]] (Brigadier [[Robert Arkwright|R.H.B. Arkwright]]) | ||
==[[Army Group C|German Army Group C]]== | ==[[Army Group C|German Army Group C]]== | ||
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* {{cite web |url=http://www.unithistories.com/default.asp |title=World War II unit histories and officers |accessdate=2007-08-06 |last=Houterman |first=Hans |author2=Koppes, Jeroen |archive-date=3 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203142011/http://www.unithistories.com/default.asp |url-status=dead }} | * {{cite web |url=http://www.unithistories.com/default.asp |title=World War II unit histories and officers |accessdate=2007-08-06 |last=Houterman |first=Hans |author2=Koppes, Jeroen |archive-date=3 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203142011/http://www.unithistories.com/default.asp |url-status=dead }} | ||
*{{Joslen-OOB}} | *{{Joslen-OOB}} | ||
*{{cite book|first3=Major-General H.L.| last3=Davies| last2=with Flynn| first2=Captain F.C. (R.N.)| last1=Molony| first1=Brigadier C.J.C.| last4=Gleave| first4=Group Captain T.P.|editor-last=Butler| editor-first=Sir James| editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |others=Revised by Jackson, General Sir William| series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume VI: Victory in the Mediterranean, Part 1 - 1st April to 4th June 1944| publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |year=2004| | *{{cite book|first3=Major-General H.L.| last3=Davies| last2=with Flynn| first2=Captain F.C. (R.N.)| last1=Molony| first1=Brigadier C.J.C.| last4=Gleave| first4=Group Captain T.P.|editor-last=Butler| editor-first=Sir James| editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |others=Revised by Jackson, General Sir William| series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume VI: Victory in the Mediterranean, Part 1 - 1st April to 4th June 1944| publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |year=2004| orig-date=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1984| isbn=1-84574-070-X| name-list-style=amp| pages=14–15}} | ||
* {{cite web |url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/OOBDefault.aspx |title=Orders of Battle.com |accessdate=2007-08-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717145740/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/OOBDefault.aspx |archivedate=17 July 2007 |df=dmy-all }} | * {{cite web |url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/OOBDefault.aspx |title=Orders of Battle.com |accessdate=2007-08-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717145740/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/OOBDefault.aspx |archivedate=17 July 2007 |df=dmy-all }} | ||
* {{cite web |url=http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=30 |title=Axis History Factbook: German army order of battle |accessdate=2007-08-06 |last=Wendell |first=Marcus |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029135233/http://axishistory.com/index.php?id=30 |archivedate=29 October 2006 |df=dmy-all }} | * {{cite web |url=http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=30 |title=Axis History Factbook: German army order of battle |accessdate=2007-08-06 |last=Wendell |first=Marcus |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029135233/http://axishistory.com/index.php?id=30 |archivedate=29 October 2006 |df=dmy-all }} | ||
Latest revision as of 20:42, 17 August 2025
Template:Campaignbox Italy Operation Diadem order of battle is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the Winter Line and at the Anzio bridgehead south of Rome during Operation Diadem in May - June 1944 which resulted in the Allied breakthrough at Cassino and the breakout at Anzio leading to the capture of Rome.
Allied Armies in Italy[edit | edit source]
- C-in-C: General Sir Harold Alexander
- Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General Sir John Harding
U.S. Fifth Army[edit | edit source]
Commander:
U.S. VI Corps (At Anzio)[edit | edit source]
- Major General Lucian K. Truscott
- U.S. 3rd Infantry Division (Brigadier General John W. O'Daniel) until 25 May 1944
- British 1st Infantry Division (Major-General John Hawkesworth)
- U.S. 45th Infantry Division (Major General William W. Eagles)
- U.S. 1st Armored Division (Major General Ernest N. Harmon)
- U.S. 34th Infantry Division (Major General Charles W. Ryder)
- U.S. 36th Infantry Division (Major General Fred L. Walker) (from 18 May 1944)
- British 5th Infantry Division (Major-General Philip Gregson-Ellis)
- First Special Service Force (3 regiments of two battalions each, U.S. and Canadian) (Brigadier General Robert T. Frederick)
U.S. II Corps (on the Winter Line)[edit | edit source]
- Major-General Geoffrey Keyes
- U.S. 88th Infantry Division (Major General John E. Sloan
- U.S. 85th Infantry Division (Major General John B. Coulter)
- 1st U.S. Armored Group (three tank battalions)
- U.S. 3rd Infantry Division (Brigadier General John W. O'Daniel) (from 25 May)
Corps Expéditionnaire Français (French Expeditionary Corps) (on the Winter Line)[edit | edit source]
- Général d'armée (General) Alphonse Juin
- 3ème Division d'Infanterie Algérienne (3rd Algerian Infantry Division) (Général de division (Major-General) Joseph de Goislard de Monsabert)
- 4ème Division Marocaine de Montagne (4th Moroccan Mountain Division) (Général de division (Major-General) François Sevez)
- 2ème Division d'Infanterie Marocaine (2nd Moroccan Infantry Division) (Général de division(Major-General) André W. Dody)
- 1ère Division Française Libre/1ère Division Motorisée d'Infanterie (1st Motorised Infantry Division) (Général de division (Major-General) Diego Brosset)
- Commandement des Goums Marocains (Command of Moroccan Goumiers - Three Groups of Tabors each comprising three tabors of 500 to 800 men) (Général de brigade (Brigadier-General) Augustin Guillaume)
- Corps Troops
- 7ème et 8ème Régiments de Chasseurs d'Afrique (7th and 8th African Light Cavalry Regiment) (M10 tank destroyers)
- Régiment d'Artillerie Coloniale du Levant (Levant Colonial Artillery Regiment)
- 64ème Régiment d'Artillerie d'Afrique (64th African Artillery Regiment)
- Groupe de canonniers-marins (Navy Artillery Battalion - two batteries)
Army Reserve[edit | edit source]
- H.Q. U.S. IV Corps
- U.S. 36th Infantry Division (Major-General Fred L. Walker) (Until 18 May 1944)
British Eighth Army (on the Winter Line)[edit | edit source]
Commander:
- Lieutenant-General Sir Oliver Leese
British XIII Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Sidney C. Kirkman
- British 4th Infantry Division (Major-General Dudley Ward)
- British 6th Armoured Division (Major-General Vyvyan Evelegh)
- 8th Indian Infantry Division (Major-General Dudley Russell)
- British 78th Infantry Division (Major-General Charles Keightley)
- 1st Canadian Armoured Brigade (Brigadier W. C. Murphy)
I Canadian Corps[edit | edit source]
Polish II Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Władysław Anders
- Polish 3rd Carpathian Rifle Division (Major-General Bolesław Bronisław Duch)
- Polish 5th Kresowa Infantry Division (Major-General Nikodem Sulik)
- Polish 2nd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier-General Bronislaw Rakowski)
British X Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Sir Richard L. McCreery
- 2nd New Zealand Division (Lieutenant-General Sir Bernard Freyberg)
- British 24th Guards Brigade (Brigadier A.F.L. Clive)
- British 2nd Parachute Brigade (Brigadier C.H.V. Pritchard)
- 12th South African Motorised Brigade (Brigadier R.J. Palmer)
- Italian Corps of Liberation (Six battalions and a regiment of artillery) (General Umberto Utili)[1]
Army Reserve[edit | edit source]
- 6th South African Armoured Division (Major-General Evered Poole)
British V Corps (On the Adriatic front in a holding role directly under A.A.I.)[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Charles Allfrey
- 4th Indian Infantry Division (Major-General Arthur Holworthy)
- 10th Indian Infantry Division (Major-General Denys Reid)
- British 23rd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier R.H.B. Arkwright)
German Army Group C[edit | edit source]
Commander:
Army Group Reserve[edit | edit source]
- 1st Paratroop Panzer Division (Brigadier-General Wilhelm Schmalz) (in OKW Reserve[2])
- 26th Panzer Division (Lieutenant-General Smilo Freiherr von Lüttwitz)
- 29th Panzergrenadier Division (Lieutenant-General Walter Fries)
- 90th Panzergrenadier Division (Major-General Ernst-Günther Baade)
- 92nd Infantry Division (Major-General Werner Goeritz) (Tiber Coastal Command[3])
Fourteenth Army (at Anzio)[edit | edit source]
- Commander: Lieutenant-General Eberhard von Mackensen (until end May 1944, then under direct command of Kesselring)
I Parachute Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Alfred Schlemm
- 3rd Panzergrenadier Division (Brigadier-General Hans Hecker to 1 June then Major-General Hans-Günther von Rost to 25 June then Major-General Walter Denkert)
- 4th Parachute Division (Major-General Heinrich Trettner)
- 65th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Pfeifer)
LXXVI Panzer Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Traugott Herr
- 362nd Infantry Division (Major-General Heinz Greiner)
- 715th Infantry Division (Major-General Hans-Georg Hildebrandt)
Tenth Army (on the Winter Line)[edit | edit source]
- Commander: General Heinrich von Vietinghoff
XIV Panzer Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Frido von Senger und Etterlin (on leave 17 April to 17 May during which time Lieutenant-General Otto Hartmann[4])
- 15th Panzergrenadier Division (Major-General Rudolf Sperl)
- 71st Infantry Division (Major-General Wilhelm Raapke)
- 94th Infantry Division (Major-General Bernhard Steinmetz)
LI Mountain Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Valentin Feurstein
- 1st Parachute Division (Lieutenant-General Richard Heidrich)
- 5th Mountain Division (Major-General Max-Günther Schrank)
- 44th Infantry Division (Major-General Bruno Ortner)
- 114th Jäger Division (Major-General Alexander Bourquin to 19 May 1944 then Major-General Hans Boelsen)
Korpsgruppe Hauck (on Adriatic front in holding role)[edit | edit source]
- Major-General Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck
- 305th Infantry Division (Lieutenant-General Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck)
- 334th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Böhlke)
Armeegruppe von Zangen (in northern Italy)[edit | edit source]
- Commander: Lieutenant-General Gustav von Zangen
LXXV Army Corps[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Anton Dostler
- 356th Infantry Division (Major-General Egon von Neindorff until 15 May then Major-General Karl Faulenbach)
- 162nd Turkoman Division (Major-General Oskar von Niedermayer)
Corps Witthöft (Eastern sub-Alpine region)[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Joachim Witthöft
- 188th Mountain Division (Major-General Hans von Hößlin)
- 278th Infantry Division (elements) (Major-General Harry Hoppe)
Corps Kübler (Adriatic coastal region)[edit | edit source]
- Lieutenant-General Ludwig Kübler
- 278th Infantry Division (most of) (Major-General Harry Hoppe)
References[edit | edit source]
Sources[edit | edit source]
- Carver, Field Marshal Lord (2001). The Imperial War Museum Book of the War in Italy 1943-1945. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. ISBN 0-330-48230-0.
- Clark, LLoyd (2006). Anzio: The Friction of War. Italy and the Battle for Rome 1944. Headline Publishing Group, London. ISBN 978-0-7553-1420-1.
- Houterman, Hans; Koppes, Jeroen. "World War II unit histories and officers". Archived from the original on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2007.
- Template:Joslen-OOB
- Molony, Brigadier C.J.C.; with Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Davies, Major-General H.L. & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1984]. Butler, Sir James (ed.). The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume VI: Victory in the Mediterranean, Part 1 - 1st April to 4th June 1944. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Revised by Jackson, General Sir William. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. pp. 14–15. ISBN 1-84574-070-X.
- "Orders of Battle.com". Archived from the original on 17 July 2007. Retrieved 6 August 2007.
- Wendell, Marcus. "Axis History Factbook: German army order of battle". Archived from the original on 29 October 2006. Retrieved 6 August 2007.