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{{short description|One of the two major groupings of Brahmins}} | {{short description|One of the two major groupings of Brahmins}} | ||
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'''Pancha Dravida''' is one of the two major groupings of [[Brahmin]]s in Hinduism, of which the other | {{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}} | |||
'''Pancha Dravida''' ({{lit|Five Dravida}} from [[Sanskrit]]: पंच ''pancha'') is one of the two major groupings of [[Brahmin]]s in Hinduism, of which the other is [[Pancha-Gauda]]. | |||
== In ''Rajatarangini'' == | == In ''Rajatarangini'' == | ||
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* Dravida (Brahmins of [[Tamil Brahmins|Tamil Nadu]] and [[Malayali Brahmin|Kerala]]) | * Dravida (Brahmins of [[Tamil Brahmins|Tamil Nadu]] and [[Malayali Brahmin|Kerala]]) | ||
* Maharashtraka ([[Maharashtrian Brahmin]]s) | * Maharashtraka ([[Maharashtrian Brahmin]]s) | ||
* Gurjara ([[:Category:Brahmin communities of Gujarat|Gujarati]], [[:Category:Brahmin communities of Rajasthan|Marwari and Mewari Brahmins]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Abu in Bombay State: A Scientific Study of the Problem|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BM8BAAAAMAAJ&q=pancha+dravida+gurjara+rajasthan|quote=It is interesting to note here that the Brahmin groups of Marwar and Mewar belong to the Gurjara group of the | * Gurjara ([[:Category:Brahmin communities of Gujarat|Gujarati]], [[:Category:Brahmin communities of Rajasthan|Marwari and Mewari Brahmins]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Abu in Bombay State: A Scientific Study of the Problem|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BM8BAAAAMAAJ&q=pancha+dravida+gurjara+rajasthan|first=A V|last=Pandya|publisher=Charutar Vidya Mandal|year=1952|page=29|oclc=50873388|quote=It is interesting to note here that the Brahmin groups of Marwar and Mewar belong to the Gurjara group of the Panch Dravida division, whereas those of the Jaipur, Shekhavati, Haraoti and other areas of Rajasthan lying to the east of the Aravallis belong to the Panch Gaud group.}}</ref>) | ||
== In the ''Sahyādrikhaṇḍa'' == | |||
A fragment of the ''[[Sahyadrikhanda|Sahyādrikhaṇḍa]]'', featured in [[Hemadri]]'s ''Chatur-varga-chintamani'' (13th century), quotes [[Shiva]] to name the following divisions of the Pancha Dravidas:<ref>{{cite journal |author=Rosalind O'Hanlon |title=Performance in a World of Paper: Puranic Histories and Social communication in Early Modern India |year=2013 |journal=Past and Present |issue=219 |publisher=Oxford University Press / The Past and Present Society |jstor=24543602 |page=104 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Deshpande |first=Madhav |date=2010 |title=Pañca-Gauḍa and Pañca-Drāviḍa: Contested Borders of a Traditional Classification |journal=Studia Orientalia |volume=108 |pages=34}}</ref> | |||
* Drāviḍa | |||
* Tailaṅga | |||
* Karnāṭa | |||
* Madhyadeśa (identified with Mahārāṣṭra in variant readings) | |||
* Gurjara | |||
== In the ''kaifiyat''s == | == In the ''kaifiyat''s == | ||
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* [[Madhyandina Shakha|Madhyandin]] | * [[Madhyandina Shakha|Madhyandin]] | ||
* Vanas | * Vanas | ||
* [[Karnataka Brahmins| | * [[Karnataka Brahmins|Karnataka]] | ||
* | * Shashtika | ||
* | * Nandavamshika | ||
* | * Srivaishnava Telanga | ||
* [[Srivaishnava]] | * [[Srivaishnava]] | ||
* Pratham-Shakhikanva | * Pratham-Shakhikanva | ||
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[[Category:Indian castes]] | [[Category:Indian castes]] | ||
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Nepal]] | [[Category:Ethnic groups in Nepal]] | ||
{{India-ethno-stub}} | {{India-ethno-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 10:54, 21 September 2025
Pancha Dravida (lit. 'Five Dravida' from Sanskrit: पंच pancha) is one of the two major groupings of Brahmins in Hinduism, of which the other is Pancha-Gauda.
In Rajatarangini[edit | edit source]
Kalhana, in his Rajatarangini (c. 12th century CE), classifies the following five Brahmin communities as Pancha Dravida, stating that they reside to the south of the Vindhyas:[1][2]
- Karnataka (Karnataka Brahmins)
- Tailanga (Telugu Brahmins)
- Dravida (Brahmins of Tamil Nadu and Kerala)
- Maharashtraka (Maharashtrian Brahmins)
- Gurjara (Gujarati, Marwari and Mewari Brahmins[3])
In the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa[edit | edit source]
A fragment of the Sahyādrikhaṇḍa, featured in Hemadri's Chatur-varga-chintamani (13th century), quotes Shiva to name the following divisions of the Pancha Dravidas:[4][5]
- Drāviḍa
- Tailaṅga
- Karnāṭa
- Madhyadeśa (identified with Mahārāṣṭra in variant readings)
- Gurjara
In the kaifiyats[edit | edit source]
The Maratha-era kaifiyats (bureaucratic records) of Deccan, which give an account of the society in the southern Maratha country, mention the following Brahmin communities as Pancha Dravida:[6]
- Andhra-Purva Desastha
- Dravida Desastha
- Karnataka Brahmins
- Desastha
The kafiyats classify the Gurjara Brahmins as Pancha Gauda. They also mention the following 16 sub-castes of the Pancha-Dravidas:[6]
- Smarta
- Konkanastha
- Karhade
- Varkari
- Madhyandin
- Vanas
- Karnataka
- Shashtika
- Nandavamshika
- Srivaishnava Telanga
- Srivaishnava
- Pratham-Shakhikanva
- Kirvant
- Sihavasai
- Nurcher
- Shenavi
- Govalkonde
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z. Rosen. pp. 490–491. ISBN 9780823931804.
- ↑ D. Shyam Babu and Ravindra S. Khare, ed. (2011). Caste in Life: Experiencing Inequalities. Pearson Education India. p. 168. ISBN 9788131754399.
- ↑ Pandya, A V (1952). Abu in Bombay State: A Scientific Study of the Problem. Charutar Vidya Mandal. p. 29. OCLC 50873388.
It is interesting to note here that the Brahmin groups of Marwar and Mewar belong to the Gurjara group of the Panch Dravida division, whereas those of the Jaipur, Shekhavati, Haraoti and other areas of Rajasthan lying to the east of the Aravallis belong to the Panch Gaud group.
- ↑ Rosalind O'Hanlon (2013). "Performance in a World of Paper: Puranic Histories and Social communication in Early Modern India". Past and Present (219). Oxford University Press / The Past and Present Society: 104. JSTOR 24543602.
- ↑ Deshpande, Madhav (2010). "Pañca-Gauḍa and Pañca-Drāviḍa: Contested Borders of a Traditional Classification". Studia Orientalia. 108: 34.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Krishnaji Nageshrao Chitnis (1994). Glimpses of Maratha Socio-economic History. Atlantic. pp. 95–96. ISBN 978-81-7156-347-0.
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