Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Malaysian politician}}
{{Short description|Malaysian politician (born 1957)}}
{{multiple issues|
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{{EngvarB|date=October 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Malay name|Nizar|Jamaluddin}}
{{Malay name|Mohammad Nizar|Jamaluddin|note=on}}
{{Infobox officeholder|
{{Infobox officeholder
| native_name = نزار جمال الدين
| image = Datuk Seri Ir Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin.jpg
| image = Datuk Seri Ir Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin.jpg
| imagesize =  
| imagesize =  
| honorific-prefix = [[Malay titles#Honorary style|Yang Berhormat]] [[Malay titles#Dato' Seri|Dato' Seri Ir.]]  
| honorific-prefix = [[Malay styles and titles#Honorary style|Yang Berhormat]] [[Malay styles and titles#Dato' Seri|Dato' Seri]]
| name = Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin
| name = Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin
| honorific-suffix = {{small|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Perak|SPMP]] [[Member of Legislative Assembly|MLA]]}}
| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=MYS|size=100%|SPMP (Perak)|MLA (Perak)}}
| caption =  
| caption =  
| order = 10th [[List of Chief Ministers of Perak|Menteri Besar of Perak]]
| office              = Member of the <br> [[Perak State Executive Council]]
| monarch = [[Sultan Azlan Shah]]
| term_start          = 22 November 2022 <br> {{small|(Infrastructure, Energy, Water & Public Transport : since 23 November 2022)}}<ref group=note>Assumed portfolios a day after taking office.</ref>
| term_start = 17 March 2008
| term_end            =
| term_end = 12 May 2009
| monarch            = [[Nazrin Shah of Perak|Nazrin Shah]]
| predecessor = [[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali]]
| 1blankname          = Menteri Besar
| successor = [[Zambry Abdul Kadir]]
| 1namedata          = [[Saarani Mohamad]]
| office1            = Exco roles (Perak)
| predecessor        = [[Mohd Zolkafly Harun]]
| subterm1            = 2018–2020
| successor          =
| suboffice1         = Chairman of the Investment and Corridor Development
| constituency        = [[Sungai Rapat (state constituency)|Sungai Rapat]]
 
| term_start1        = 19 May 2018
| term_end1          = 10 March 2020 <br> {{small|(Investment & Corridor Development)}}
| monarch1            = Nazrin Shah
| 1blankname1        = Menteri Besar
| 1namedata1          = [[Ahmad Faizal Azumu]]
| predecessor1        = [[Mohd Zahir Abdul Khalid]]
| successor1          = [[Shahrul Zaman Yahya]]
| constituency1      = Sungai Rapat
 
| office2            = 10th [[Menteri Besar of Perak]]
| monarch2            = [[Azlan Shah of Perak|Azlan Shah]]
| term_start2        = 17 March 2008
| term_end2          = 12 May 2009
| predecessor2        = [[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali]]
| successor2          = [[Zambry Abdul Kadir]]
| constituency2      = [[Pasir Panjang (state constituency)|Pasir Panjang]]
 
| constituency_AM3    = [[Sungai Rapat (state constituency)|Sungai Rapat]]
| assembly3          = Perak State Legislative
| term_start3        = 9 May 2018
| term_end3          =
| predecessor3        = [[Radzi Zainon]] <br> ([[Pakatan Rakyat|PR]]–[[Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| successor3          =
| majority3          = 3,614 ([[2018 Perak state election|2018]]) <br> 3,494 ([[2022 Perak state election|2022]])
 
| constituency_AM4    = [[Changkat Jering (state constituency)|Changkat Jering]]
| assembly4          = Perak State Legislative
| term_start4        = 5 May 2013
| term_end4          = 9 May 2018
| predecessor4        = [[Mohd Osman Mohd Jailu]] <br> (PR–[[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|PKR]])
| successor4          = [[Ahmad Saidi Mohamad Daud]] <br> ([[Barisan Nasional|BN]]–[[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
| majority4          = 1,170 ([[2013 Perak state election|2013]])
 
| constituency_AM5    = [[Pasir Panjang (state constituency)|Pasir Panjang]]
| assembly5          = Perak State Legislative
| term_start5        = 8 March 2008
| term_end5          = 5 May 2013
| predecessor5        = [[M. Ramachandran]] <br> (BN–[[Malaysian Indian Congress|MIC]])
| successor5          = [[Rashidi Ibrahim]] <br> (BN–UMNO)
| majority5          = 4,474 ([[2008 Perak state election|2008]])
 
| constituency_MP6    = [[Bukit Gantang (federal constituency)|Bukit Gantang]]
| parliament6        = Malaysian
| term_start6        = 7 April 2009
| term_end6          = 5 May 2013
| predecessor6        = [[Roslan Shaharum]] <br> (PR–PAS)
| successor6         = [[Idris Ahmad (Perak politician)|Idris Ahmad]] <br> (PR–PAS)
| majority6          = 2,789 ([[2009 Bukit Gantang by-election|2009]])
 
| office7            = Faction represented in [[Perak State Legislative Assembly]]
| office7            = Faction represented in [[Perak State Legislative Assembly]]
| subterm7            = 2008–2015
| subterm7            = 2008–2015
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| subterm9            = 2018–
| subterm9            = 2018–
| suboffice9          = [[Pakatan Harapan]]
| suboffice9          = [[Pakatan Harapan]]
| office5            = Faction represented in [[Dewan Rakyat]]
| office10            = Faction represented in [[Dewan Rakyat]]
| subterm5            = 2009–2013
| subterm10          = 2009–2013
| suboffice5          = [[Malaysian Islamic Party]]
| suboffice10        = [[Malaysian Islamic Party]]
| birth_name = Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin
| birth_name = Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1957|3|17|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1957|3|17|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kampar, Perak|Kampar]], [[Perak]], [[Federation of Malaya]] (now [[Malaysia]])
| birth_place = [[Kampar, Perak]], [[Federation of Malaya]] (now [[Malaysia]])
| death_date =  
| death_date =  
| death_place =  
| death_place =  
| party = [[Malaysian Islamic Party]] (PAS) <small>(until 2015)</small><br/>[[National Trust Party (Malaysia)]] (AMANAH) <small>(2015-present)</small>
| party = {{flagicon image|PAS logo.svg}} [[Malaysian Islamic Party]] (PAS) <br> (1995–2015) <br> {{flagicon image|Parti Amanah Negara Flag.svg}} [[National Trust Party (Malaysia)|National Trust Party]] (AMANAH) <br> (since 2015)
| otherparty = [[Barisan Alternatif]] (BA) <small>(until 2004)</small><br />[[Pakatan Rakyat]] (PR) <small>(2008-2015)</small><br />[[Pakatan Harapan]] (PH) <small>(2015-present)</small>
| otherparty = [[Barisan Alternatif]] (BA) <br> (1999–2004) <br> [[Pakatan Rakyat]] (PR) <br> (2008–2015) <br> {{flagicon image|Pakatan-harapan-logo.svg}} [[Pakatan Harapan]] (PH) <br> (since 2015)  
| citizenship = [[Malaysian people|Malaysian]]
| citizenship = [[Malaysian people|Malaysian]]
| residence = [[Sungai Rokam]], Perak
| residence = [[Sungai Rokam]], Perak
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| website =  
| website =  
}}
}}
[[Dato' Seri]] [[Ingenieur|Ir.]] '''Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin''' (born 17 March 1957) is a [[Malaysian people|Malaysian]] [[politician]] who served as the 10th [[Menteri Besar of Perak]] from March 2008 until the collapse of the [[Pakatan Rakyat]] (PR) state administration in February 2009. From 2009 to 2013 he was the [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) for the [[Bukit Gantang (federal constituency)|Bukit Gantang]]. From May 2018 until the collapse of the [[Pakatan Harapan|PH]] state administration in March 2020, he served as a member of the [[Perak State Executive Council]] (EXCO) in the [[Pakatan Harapan]] (PH) state administration under former Menteri Besar [[Ahmad Faizal Azumu]]. Since May of 2018, he has  also served as Member of the [[Perak State Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) for [[Sungai Rapat (state constituency)|Sungai Rapat]]. He is a member of the [[National Trust Party (Malaysia)|National Trust Party]] (AMANAH), a component party of the [[Pakatan Harapan|PH]] federal and opposition coalition and was a member of the [[Malaysian Islamic Party]] (PAS), a former component party of the former state ruling [[Pakatan Rakyat|PR]] coalition before being unseated in the [[2009 Perak constitutional crisis|2009 constitutional crisis]].
 
'''Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin''' (born 17 March 1957) is a [[Malaysian people|Malaysian]] [[politician]] and [[engineer]] who has served as a member of the [[Perak State Executive Council]] since November 2022 under [[Saarani Mohamad]] and from May 2018 to March 2020 under [[Ahmad Faizal Azumu]], and as a member of the [[Perak State Legislative Assembly]] for [[Sungai Rapat (state constituency)|Sungai Rapat]] since May 2018. He previously served as the 10th [[Menteri Besar of Perak]] from March 2008 to the collapse of his administration in February 2009, represented [[Changkat Jering (state constituency)|Changkat Jering]] from May 2013 to May 2018 and [[Pasir Panjang (state constituency)|Pasir Panjang]] from March 2008 to May 2013 in the legislative assembly, and represented [[Bukit Gantang (federal constituency)|Bukit Gantang]] in the [[Dewan Rakyat]] from April 2009 to May 2013.
 
He is a member of the [[National Trust Party (Malaysia)|National Trust Party]] (AMANAH), a component party of the [[Pakatan Harapan]] coalition, and was a member of the [[Malaysian Islamic Party]] (PAS). He is presently the sole member in the legislative assembly from AMANAH.


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
Nizar is the son of a [[Malay people|Malay]] father and a [[Chinese Malaysian|Chinese]] mother, and was raised in a Malay-[[Muslim]] household.<ref>Hah Foong Lian, [http://www.malaysianbar.org.my/news_features/perak_mb_takes_challenges_in_his_stride.html Perak MB takes challenges in his stride], 4 April 2008, [[Malaysian Bar|The Malaysian Bar]] (original article from [[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]])</ref> Nizar is married to Datin Seri Fatimah Taat with whom he has eight children. Since 2009 he has resided in Sungai Rokam, [[Perak]]. Prior to his current residence, he resided at the official residence for the Menteri Besar at Jalan Raja DiHilir. He was asked to vacate by the state secretary, Datuk Abdul Rahman Hashim, in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|work=New Strait Times |title=Nizar moves out of MB's residence |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Monday/Frontpage/2487208/Article/index_html |date=23 February 2009 |accessdate=23 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224103838/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Monday/Frontpage/2487208/Article/index_html |archive-date=24 February 2009 }}</ref>
Nizar is the son of a [[Malay people|Malay]] father and a [[Chinese Malaysian|Chinese]] mother, and was raised in a Malay-[[Muslim]] household.<ref>Hah Foong Lian, [http://www.malaysianbar.org.my/news_features/perak_mb_takes_challenges_in_his_stride.html Perak MB takes challenges in his stride], 4 April 2008, [[Malaysian Bar|The Malaysian Bar]] (original article from [[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]])</ref> Nizar is married to Datin Seri Fatimah Taat with whom he has eight children. Since 2009 he has resided in Sungai Rokam, [[Perak]]. Prior to his current residence, he resided at the official residence for the Menteri Besar at Jalan Raja DiHilir.<ref>{{cite web|work=New Straits Times |title=Nizar moves out of MB's residence |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Monday/Frontpage/2487208/Article/index_html |date=23 February 2009 |accessdate=23 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224103838/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Monday/Frontpage/2487208/Article/index_html |archive-date=24 February 2009 }}</ref>


Nizar is an engineering graduate from [[Aston University]] in Birmingham, United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://malaysiakini.com/news/79710|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=12 March 2008|accessdate=13 March 2008|title=Nizar is new Perak MB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313093551/http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/79710|archive-date=13 March 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He took over the chief minister post from [[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali|Datuk Seri DiRaja Tajol Rosli Mohd. Ghazali]] of [[Barisan Nasional]].
Nizar is an engineering graduate from [[Aston University]] in Birmingham, United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://malaysiakini.com/news/79710|publisher=Malaysiakini|date=12 March 2008|accessdate=13 March 2008|title=Nizar is new Perak MB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313093551/http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/79710|archive-date=13 March 2008|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


==Political career==
==Political career==
Nizar was appointed as Menteri Besar on 17 March 2008 but was ousted in January 2009. He was the first Menteri Besar of Perak not from the [[Barisan Nasional]] coalition. His appointment followed the [[2008 Malaysian general election|2008 general election]], in which the [[Pakatan Rakyat]] coalition, comprising the [[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|Democratic Action Party]] (DAP), the [[Parti Keadilan Rakyat]] (PKR) and his own party, PAS, won a majority of the seats in the [[Perak State Legislative Assembly]]. Appointed by the [[Raja Nazrin Shah|Crown Prince of Perak Raja Nazrin Shah]] over two other candidates, [[Ngeh Koo Ham|Datuk Ngeh Koo Ham]] and Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi, his appointment was initially controversial, as his party was the smallest of the three Pakatan Rakyat parties in the state assembly.<ref>{{cite web |work=The Star |title=Triple joy for Perak as birthday boy Nizar assumes post |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/3/17/nation/20666523&sec=nation |date=17 March 2008 |accessdate=11 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604002806/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F3%2F17%2Fnation%2F20666523&sec=nation |archive-date=4 June 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref> He was removed as Menteri Besar just over a year later, following defections from Pakatan Rakyat coalition to Barisan Nasional that gave the latter a majority in the assembly and sparked a constitutional crisis.
Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin joined the [[Malaysian Islamic Party]] in 1995 and served as the Kampar district committee member of the Malaysian Islamic Party from 1999 to 2001, and then became the Kampar district chairman (2001 to ?). On the State Joint Committee, he served as treasurer from 2001 to 2006 and then as secretary. During the 2004 general election, Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin ran for the Kuala Kangsar parliamentary constituency, but was defeated by his opponent Rafidah Aziz.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.sina.com/int/kwongwah/105-103-102-101/2008-03-17/04252741440.html|title=莫哈末尼查 宣誓就任霹大臣_新聞頁_北美新浪網|website=news.sina.com|accessdate=2017-10-16|archive-date=2017-10-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016174538/http://news.sina.com/int/kwongwah/105-103-102-101/2008-03-17/04252741440.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
==Appointment as Menteri Besar==
 
On 8 March 2008, the [[Pakatan Rakyat]] coalition in [[Perak]] won 31 seats of the 59 seat [[Perak State Assembly]], which enabled it to form a majority state government.<ref>[http://www.undi.info/state/pr/2008/states.html  Election Information, Perak State Assembly 2008] www.undi.info</ref> The [[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|Democratic Action Party]] (DAP) commanded the most seats out of the 31 seats held by Pakatan Rakyat and were the claimants to the post of [[Menteri Besar]]. However, the Perak State Constitution stipulated that the [[Menteri Besar]] must be of Malay descent, and a non-[[Ethnic Malays|Malay]] could only be appointed by a royal waiver by the [[Sultan of Perak|Perak Palace]]. To resolve this, all three parties sent their nominations for the MB post to the Regent of Perak, [[Raja Nazrin Shah]]. Nizar was chosen over [[Ngeh Koo Ham]] of the DAP and Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi of [[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|People's Justice Party]] (PKR) on 12 March 2008 by Raja Nazrin,<ref>{{cite news|work=[[New Straits Times]] |date=12 March 2008 |accessdate=13 March 2008 |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/20080312191523/Article/index_html |title=Nizar is new Perak MB |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317162406/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/20080312191523/Article/index_html |archive-date=17 March 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> and sworn in on 17 March 2008 at [[Istana Iskandariah]], [[Kuala Kangsar]]. Nizar was the first person not part of the [[Barisan National]] coalition to hold such a post in [[Perak]].


The appointment of Nizar created a minor stir within the opposition coalition after the [[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|DAP]]'s central executive committee, under the advice of [[Lim Kit Siang]] ordered Perak DAP state assemblymen to boycott the swearing-in ceremony to be held on 13 March 2008. Raja Nazrin then ordered a delay of the swearing in ceremony and asked all 31 of [[Pakatan Rakyat]]'s assemblymen to pledge their support of Nizar's appointment, since otherwise Nizar is shown as not having majority support and therefore cannot be appointed as the [[Menteri Besar]]. [[Lim Kit Siang|Lim]] has since apologised and stated that he did not mean to disrespect the decision of the sultan and the regent of Perak.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[New Straits Times]] |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Thursday/Frontpage/20080313114905/Article |title=DAP apologises for statement on appointment of Perak MB |date=13 March 2008 |accessdate=13 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080314033148/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Thursday/Frontpage/20080313114905/Article |archive-date=14 March 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> Following the resolution of this matter, all the state assemblymen from [[People's Justice Party, Malaysia|PKR]], [[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]] and DAP (including [[Lim Kit Siang]]) attended the [[Menteri Besar]] swearing-in ceremony in support of Nizar.
On 8 March 2008, the [[Pakatan Rakyat]] coalition in [[Perak]] won 31 seats of the 59 seat [[Perak State Legislative Assembly]], which enabled it to form a majority state government.<ref>[http://www.undi.info/state/pr/2008/states.html Election Information, Perak State Assembly 2008] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207051354/http://undi.info/state/pr/2008/states.html |date=7 February 2009 }} www.undi.info</ref> The [[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|Democratic Action Party]] (DAP) commanded the most seats out of the 31 seats held by Pakatan Rakyat and were the claimants to the post of [[Menteri Besar]] or the head of the state government. However, the Perak State Constitution stipulated that the Menteri Besar must be of Malay descent, and a non-[[Ethnic Malays|Malay]] could only be appointed through royal waiver by the [[Sultan of Perak|Perak Palace]]. To resolve this, all three parties sent their nominations for the position to the Regent of Perak, [[Raja Nazrin Shah]]. Nizar was chosen over [[Ngeh Koo Ham]] of the DAP and Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi of [[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|People's Justice Party]] (PKR) on 12 March 2008 by Raja Nazrin,<ref>{{cite news|work=[[New Straits Times]] |date=12 March 2008 |accessdate=13 March 2008 |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/20080312191523/Article/index_html |title=Nizar is new Perak MB |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317162406/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/20080312191523/Article/index_html |archive-date=17 March 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> and sworn in on 17 March 2008 at [[Istana Iskandariah]], [[Kuala Kangsar]]. Nizar was the first person not part of the [[Barisan National]] coalition to be Menteri Besar in [[Perak]].


==Controversy and crisis==
The appointment of Nizar created a minor stir within the opposition coalition after the [[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|DAP]]'s central executive committee, under the advice of former national chairman [[Lim Kit Siang]], ordered DAP state assemblymen to boycott the swearing-in ceremony to be held on 13 March 2008. Raja Nazrin then ordered a delay of the swearing in ceremony and asked all 31 of [[Pakatan Rakyat]]'s assemblymen to pledge their support for Nizar's appointment, as anything otherwise would mean Nizar lacked the confidence of a majority of the state assembly and could not be appointed Menteri Besar. Lim later apologised and said he did not mean to disrespect the decision of the Sultan and the regent of Perak.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[New Straits Times]] |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Thursday/Frontpage/20080313114905/Article |title=DAP apologises for statement on appointment of Perak MB |date=13 March 2008 |accessdate=13 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080314033148/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Thursday/Frontpage/20080313114905/Article |archive-date=14 March 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> Following the resolution of this matter, all the state assemblymen from PKR, PAS and DAP (including Lim Kit Siang) attended the [[Menteri Besar]] swearing-in ceremony in support of Nizar.
===Administration as Menteri Besar===
Nizar's administration granted freehold title to ethnic Chinese landholders in the settlements called as New Villages (Kampung Baru) in Perak. The [[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia|Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister]], [[Najib Razak|Dato' Seri Najib Tun Razak]] disputed the state government's ability to grant the freehold titles, instead saying that the jurisdiction lied federally.<ref>{{cite web|work=New Strait Times |title=States must refer land issues to national council |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/2435875/Article/index_html |date=23 December 2008 |accessdate=10 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122075809/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/2435875/Article/index_html |archive-date=22 January 2009 }}</ref> Almost every act of his administration was criticised by the Malaysian mainstream press, especially by [[Utusan Malaysia]] and [[Berita Harian]], an [[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]]-owned, Malay-nationalist newspaper.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/15222-utusan-accuses-nizar-of-neglecting-malays |publisher=Malaysian Insider |date=4 January 2009 |accessdate=10 February 2009 |title=Utusan accuses Nizar of neglecting Malays |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308205226/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/15222-utusan-accuses-nizar-of-neglecting-malays |archive-date=8 March 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref>


Nizar's administration was hounded by constant accusations of being a proxy to the DAP which had the majority seats in the State Assembly. In particular he was accused of being a puppet DAP's Datuk Ngeh Koo Ham and Nga Kor Ming, senior exco members in his cabinet.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/20292-nizar-denies-being-a-puppet-of-dap-cousins |title=Archived copy |access-date=12 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315231226/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/20292-nizar-denies-being-a-puppet-of-dap-cousins |archive-date=15 March 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
Nizar's administration's decision to grant freehold titles to ethnic Chinese landholders in [[new village]] settlements garnered controversy and then-[[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia|deputy prime minister]] [[Najib Razak]] disputed the act's legality, claiming the jurisdiction lied federally.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 December 2008 |title=States must refer land issues to national council |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/2435875/Article/index_html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122075809/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Wednesday/Frontpage/2435875/Article/index_html |archive-date=22 January 2009 |accessdate=10 February 2009 |work=New Straits Times}}</ref> His administration was heavily criticised on various issues by the Malaysian mainstream press, especially by [[Utusan Malaysia]] and [[Berita Harian]], Malay-nationalist newspapers owned by the [[United Malays National Organisation]] (UMNO), a component party of Barisan Nasional<ref>{{cite news |date=4 January 2009 |title=Utusan accuses Nizar of neglecting Malays |url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/15222-utusan-accuses-nizar-of-neglecting-malays |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308205226/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/15222-utusan-accuses-nizar-of-neglecting-malays |archive-date=8 March 2012 |accessdate=10 February 2009 |publisher=Malaysian Insider |df=dmy}}</ref> and Nizar faced accusations of being a proxy for the DAP.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nizar denies being a puppet of DAP cousins |url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/20292-nizar-denies-being-a-puppet-of-dap-cousins |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315231226/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/20292-nizar-denies-being-a-puppet-of-dap-cousins |archive-date=15 March 2009 |access-date=12 May 2009 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>


===2009 Perak constitutional crisis===
===2009 Perak constitutional crisis===
{{main|2009 Perak constitutional crisis}}
{{main|2009 Perak constitutional crisis}}
In July 2008, former Perak MB [[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali|Datuk Seri DiRaja Tajol Rosli Mohd. Ghazali]] claimed that the [[Pakatan Rakyat]] state government in [[Perak]] will fall on 31 August 2008 – [[Merdeka|Malaysia's Independence day]] through defections to [[Barisan Nasional]] from the PR camp<ref>{{cite web|work=New Strait Times |title=Perak gov't to fall 31 Aug 2008 – Tajol Rosli |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Sunday/Frontpage/2286654/Article/index_html |date=6 July 2008 |accessdate=10 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080822094050/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Sunday/Frontpage/2286654/Article/index_html |archive-date=22 August 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> – a clear corruption of PR leader [[Anwar Ibrahim|Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]'s 16 September 2008 plan to engineer mass defections of BN MPs from [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]] to form the new federal government.<ref>{{cite web |work=The Star |title=PAnwar claims more than 31 MPs will cross over |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/9/16/nation/20080916144742&sec=nation |date=16 September 2008 |accessdate=11 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224155831/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F9%2F16%2Fnation%2F20080916144742&sec=nation |archive-date=24 February 2009 |df=dmy }}</ref> Nizar dismissed Tajol's claims and remarked "Who is he (Tajol) to predict the future?".


On 25 January 2009, BN's MLA from the Bota constituency, [[Nasarudin Hashim|Datuk Nasarudin Hashim]] announced his defection from [[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]], a BN component party, to [[Parti Keadilan Rakyat|PKR]], the second largest party in Nizar's Perak PR coalition.<ref>{{cite web|work=New Strait Times|title=Bota rep defects to PKR|url=http://www.nst.com.my/Monday/World/2463560/Article/pppull_index_html|date=26 January 2009|accessdate=11 February 2009}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Nasarudin said that his decision was fully supported by his constituents and reaffirmed that no monetary award was offered to him by PR.<ref>{{cite web |work=The Star |title=My people support me: Nasaruddin |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2009/1/28/nation/20090128144606&sec=nation |date=28 January 2009 |accessdate=11 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203113458/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2009%2F1%2F28%2Fnation%2F20090128144606&sec=nation |archive-date=3 February 2009 |df=dmy }}</ref> Nizar and Anwar supported and welcomed Nasarudin into the PR coalition and Anwar claimed more BN MLAs were going to defect to PR a few days later.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=asiaone news|title=Anwar claims more BN reps to defect|url=http://news.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne%2BNews/Malaysia/Story/A1Story20090127-117374.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129220904/http://news.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne+News/Malaysia/Story/A1Story20090127-117374.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 January 2009|date=28 January 2008|accessdate=11 February 2009}}</ref> Nizar then claimed that three more MLAs from UMNO would defect to PR<ref>{{cite web|work=New Strait Times|title=Pakatan Rakyat Perak: PR wooing three UMNO assemblymen to defect|url=http://pakatanrakyat-perak.blogspot.com/2009/01/pr-wooing-three-umno-assemblymen-to.html|date=27 January 2009|accessdate=11 February 2009}}</ref> After Nasarudin's resignation from UMNO, Perak UMNO chief and former MB Tajol Rosli resigned as Perak BN chairman and Perak UMNO chief, taking responsibility for the defection of Nasarudin.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Malaysian Insider |title=Tajol says he is not strong enough to lead Perak UMNO |url=http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/17169-tajol-says-he-is-not-strong-enough-to-lead-perak-umno/ |date=30 January 2009 |accessdate=11 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720124446/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/index.php/malaysia/17169-tajol-says-he-is-not-strong-enough-to-lead-perak-umno/ |archive-date=20 July 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref> Soon after, UMNO Malaysia Deputy President, [[Najib Razak|Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak]], who is also the [[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia|Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister]] took over as Perak UMNO chairman and Perak BN chairman from Tajol Rosli.<ref>{{cite web |work=The Sun |title=Najib replaces Tajol as Perak UMNO and BN chief |url=http://www.sun2surf.com/article.cfm?id=29620 |date=30 January 2009 |accessdate=11 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203090704/http://sun2surf.com/article.cfm?id=29620 |archive-date=3 February 2009 |df=dmy }}</ref>
In July 2008, former Menteri Besari [[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali]] claimed that the [[Pakatan Rakyat]] state government in [[Perak]] would fall on 31 August 2008, [[Merdeka|Malaysia's Independence day]], through defections to [[Barisan Nasional]] from the Pakatan Rakyat.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 July 2008 |title=Perak gov't to fall 31 Aug 2008 – Tajol Rosli |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Sunday/Frontpage/2286654/Article/index_html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080822094050/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Sunday/Frontpage/2286654/Article/index_html |archive-date=22 August 2008 |accessdate=10 February 2009 |work=New Straits Times |df=dmy}}</ref> Nizar dismissed Tajol's claims and remarked "Who is he (Tajol) to predict the future?".
 
On 25 January 2009, a Barisan Nasional assemblyman [[Nasarudin Hashim]] announced his defection PKR from UMNO, the second largest party in the state's Pakatan Rakyat coalition.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 January 2009 |title=Bota rep defects to PKR |url=http://www.nst.com.my/Monday/World/2463560/Article/pppull_index_html |accessdate=11 February 2009 |work=New Straits Times}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Pakatan's leader and federal leader of the opposition [[Anwar Ibrahim]] claimed more would defect,<ref>{{cite web |date=28 January 2008 |title=Anwar claims more BN reps to defect |url=http://news.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne%2BNews/Malaysia/Story/A1Story20090127-117374.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129220904/http://news.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne+News/Malaysia/Story/A1Story20090127-117374.html |archive-date=29 January 2009 |accessdate=11 February 2009 |publisher=asiaone news}}</ref> a statement reaffirmed by Nizar who claimed that three more members from UMNO would defect.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2009 |title=Pakatan Rakyat Perak: PR wooing three UMNO assemblymen to defect |url=https://pakatanrakyat-perak.blogspot.com/2009/01/pr-wooing-three-umno-assemblymen-to.html |accessdate=11 February 2009 |work=New Straits Times}}</ref>


Crossover of Nasarudin and three other Perak assemblymen from PR, and effectively and controversially ended the PR majority government. The new Perak government, under Datuk Dr. Zambry Abdul Kadir, swore in some executive councillors, but Nizar refused to bow down, and continued his daily routines. The speaker of the assembly, V. Sivakumar then suspended all BN executive councillors for "contempt of assembly" after a complaint by one assemblyman.
However, the defection of three Pakatan assemblymen, including Nasarudin, to UMNO led to the fall of the Pakatan state government. A new state administration was sworn in with Zambry Abdul Kadir serving as the new Menteri Besar, but Nizar rejected the appointment and continued to conduct official duties. The speaker of the state assembly V. Sivakumar then suspended all Barisan executive councillors for "contempt of assembly" after a complaint was lodged by an assemblyman.


On 11 May 2009, the [[Dato' Seri Ir Hj. Mohammad Nizar Bin Jamaluddin v. Dato' Dr. Zambry Bin Abd. Kadir|Kuala Lumpur High Court ruled]] that the Sultan could not constitutionally remove Nizar from office, and that Nizar had always been the rightful Menteri Besar. Nizar announced his intention to immediately meet with the Sultan to request dissolution of the state assembly, while Zambry Abdul Kadir, the intended Barisan Menteri Besar, stated he would vacate the state secretariat as soon as possible.<ref>{{cite news | first=Hafiz | last=Yatim | title=Court rules Nizar is legitimate MB | date=11 May 2009 | work =Malaysiakini | url =http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/103996 | accessdate = 11 May 2009 }}</ref> However, Nizar ultimately lost the legal proceedings when, in February 2010, the Federal Court ruled Zambry to be the lawful Menteri Besar.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2010/2/10/nation/5649677&sec=nation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100212080647/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2010%2F2%2F10%2Fnation%2F5649677&sec=nation |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 February 2010 |title=5-0 for BN's Zambry |date=10 February 2010 |work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]] |accessdate=4 February 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
On 11 May 2009, the [[Dato' Seri Ir Hj. Mohammad Nizar Bin Jamaluddin v. Dato' Dr. Zambry Bin Abd. Kadir|Kuala Lumpur High Court ruled]] that the Sultan could not constitutionally remove Nizar from office, and that Nizar had always been the rightful Menteri Besar. Nizar announced his intention to immediately meet with the Sultan to request dissolution of the state assembly, while Zambry Abdul Kadir, the intended Barisan Menteri Besar, stating he would vacate the state secretariat as soon as possible.<ref>{{cite news |last=Yatim |first=Hafiz |date=11 May 2009 |title=Court rules Nizar is legitimate MB |url=http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/103996 |accessdate=11 May 2009 |work=Malaysiakini}}</ref> However, in February 2010, the Federal Court reversed the High Court's decision and ruled Zambry to be the lawful Menteri Besar.<ref>{{cite news |date=10 February 2010 |title=5-0 for BN's Zambry |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2010/2/10/nation/5649677&sec=nation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100212080647/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2010%2F2%2F10%2Fnation%2F5649677&sec=nation |archive-date=12 February 2010 |accessdate=4 February 2011 |work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]] |df=dmy-all}}</ref>


==Legal proceedings==
===2014 criminal defamation charge===
===2014 criminal defamation charge===
Nizar was charged in [[2014 Malaysian sedition dragnet|a nationwide dragnet]] in August 2014 for [[criminal defamation]] for allegedly making a speech in 2012 prior to the [[2013 Malaysian general election|2013 general election]] saying "I was informed that Najib will call all the army generals to do something if BN lost in the general election."<ref name="theedge">{{cite web|url=http://www.theedgemalaysia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=304263&Itemid=77 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140909052211/http://www.theedgemalaysia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=304263&Itemid=77 |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 September 2014 |title=Former Perak MB charged with defaming Najib two years ago |date=25 August 2014 |publisher=The Edge |accessdate=9 September 2014 }}</ref> The defamation case was settled on 26 July 2016, after Najib accepts Nizar's apology.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.malaysia-today.net/2015/10/28/defamation-case-settled-pm-accepts-nizars-apology/|title=Defamation Case Settled, PM Accepts Nizar's Apology|date=26 July 2016 |publisher=[[Malaysia Today]]|work=[[Bernama]]|accessdate=25 January 2019}}</ref>
Nizar was charged in [[2014 Malaysian sedition dragnet|a nationwide dragnet]] in August 2014 for [[criminal defamation]] for allegedly making a speech in 2012 prior to the [[2013 Malaysian general election|2013 general election]] saying "I was informed that Najib will call all the army generals to do something if BN lost in the general election."<ref name="theedge">{{cite web|url=http://www.theedgemalaysia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=304263&Itemid=77 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140909052211/http://www.theedgemalaysia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=304263&Itemid=77 |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 September 2014 |title=Former Perak MB charged with defaming Najib two years ago |date=25 August 2014 |publisher=The Edge |accessdate=9 September 2014 }}</ref> The defamation case was settled on 26 July 2016, after Najib accepts Nizar's apology.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.malaysia-today.net/2015/10/28/defamation-case-settled-pm-accepts-nizars-apology/|title=Defamation Case Settled, PM Accepts Nizar's Apology|date=26 July 2016 |publisher=[[Malaysia Today]]|work=[[Bernama]]|accessdate=25 January 2019}}</ref>
Line 86: Line 132:
==Election results==
==Election results==
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ '''[[Perak State Legislative Assembly]]'''<ref>{{Cite web
|+[[Dewan Rakyat|Parliament of Malaysia]]<ref name="election results"/><ref name="undiinfo"/>
!|Year
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Pct
!colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Ballots cast
!|Majority
!|Turnout
|-
|[[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]]
|P067 [[Kuala Kangsar (federal constituency)|Kuala Kangsar]]
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin ([[Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
|align="right" |6,747
|33.43%
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|{{nowrap|'''[[Rafidah Aziz]]'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|align="right" |'''12,938'''
|'''64.10%'''
|20,184
|6,191
|71.09%
|-
| rowspan=2|[[2009 Bukit Gantang by-election|2009]]
| rowspan=2|'''P059 [[Bukit Gantang (federal constituency)|Bukit Gantang]]'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/PAS}} |
| rowspan=2|{{nowrap|'''Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin'''}} ([[Malaysian Islamic Party|'''PAS''']])
| rowspan=2 align="right" |'''21,860'''
| rowspan=2|'''52.50%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Ismail Safian ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |19,071
|45.80%
| rowspan=2|41,626
| rowspan=2|2,789
| rowspan=2|75.00%
|-
|{{Party shading/Independent}} |
|Kamarul Ramizu Idris ([[Independent politician|IND]])
|align="right" |62
|align=right|0.10%
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+[[Perak State Legislative Assembly]]<ref>{{Cite web
  |title=Malaysia Decides 2008  
  |title=Malaysia Decides 2008  
  |work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]  
  |work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]  
Line 100: Line 194:
   | publisher = [[Malaysiakini]]
   | publisher = [[Malaysiakini]]
   | url = http://undi.info/#
   | url = http://undi.info/#
   | accessdate = 4 February 2017}} Results only available from the [[2004 Malaysian general election|2004 election]].</ref><ref name="GE13 results">{{cite web|url=http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|title=KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 13|work=Sistem Pengurusan Maklumat Pilihan Raya Umum|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]] |language=ms | accessdate = 5 May 2013}} Results only available for the [[2013 Malaysian general election|2013 election]].</ref><ref name="GE14 results">{{cite web|url=https://keputusan.spr.gov.my/|title=SEMAKAN KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM KE - 14|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]] |language=ms|accessdate=17 May 2018}} Percentage figures based on total turnout.</ref><ref name="The Star GE14">{{cite web|url=https://election.thestar.com.my/|title=The Star Online GE14|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|accessdate=24 May 2018}} Percentage figures based on total turnout.</ref>
   | accessdate = 4 February 2017}} Results only available from the [[2004 Malaysian general election|2004 election]].</ref><ref name="GE13 results">{{cite web|url=http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|title=KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 13|work=Sistem Pengurusan Maklumat Pilihan Raya Umum|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]]|language=ms|accessdate=5 May 2013|archive-date=14 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314141057/http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|url-status=dead}} Results only available for the [[2013 Malaysian general election|2013 election]].</ref><ref name="GE14 results">{{cite web|url=https://keputusan.spr.gov.my/|title=SEMAKAN KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM KE - 14|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]]|language=ms|accessdate=17 May 2018|archive-date=13 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913134822/https://keputusan.spr.gov.my/|url-status=dead}} Percentage figures based on total turnout.</ref><ref name="The Star GE14">{{cite web|url=https://election.thestar.com.my/|title=The Star Online GE14|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|accessdate=24 May 2018}} Percentage figures based on total turnout.</ref>
!|Year
!|Year
!|Constituency
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|
!colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Pct
Line 113: Line 207:
!|Turnout
!|Turnout
|-
|-
|[[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]]
|[[2008 Perak state election|2008]]
|N51 [[Pasir Panjang]], P74 [[Lumut, Malaysia|Lumut]]
|'''N51 [[Pasir Panjang (state constituency)|Pasir Panjang]]'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|'''Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin''' ([[Parti Islam Se-Malaysia|'''PAS''']])
|{{nowrap|'''Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin'''}} ([[Parti Islam Se-Malaysia|'''PAS''']])
|align="right" |'''11,994'''
|align="right" |'''11,994'''
|'''62.81%'''
|'''62.81%'''
Line 127: Line 221:
|76.02%
|76.02%
|-
|-
| rowspan=2|[[2013 Malaysian general election|2013]]
| rowspan=2|[[2013 Perak state election|2013]]
| rowspan=2|N14 [[Changkat Jering]], P59 [[Bukit Gantang]]
| rowspan=2|'''N14 [[Changkat Jering (state constituency)|Changkat Jering]]'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/PAS}} |
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/PAS}} |
| rowspan=2|'''Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin''' ([[Parti Islam Se-Malaysia|'''PAS''']])
| rowspan=2|'''Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin''' ([[Parti Islam Se-Malaysia|'''PAS''']])
| rowspan=2 align="right" |'''14,495'''
| rowspan=2 align="right" |'''14,495'''
| rowspan=2|'''51.28%'''
| rowspan=2|'''51.28%'''
Line 146: Line 240:
|0.30%
|0.30%
|-
|-
| rowspan=2|[[2018 Malaysian general election|2018]]
| rowspan=2|[[2018 Perak state election|2018]]
| rowspan=2|N44 Sungai Rapat, P71 [[Gopeng]]
| rowspan="5" |'''N44 [[Sungai Rapat (state constituency)|Sungai Rapat]]'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Keadilan}} |  
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Keadilan}} |  
| rowspan=2|'''Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin''' ([[Parti Amanah Negara|'''AMANAH''']])  
| rowspan=2|'''Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin''' ([[Parti Amanah Negara|'''AMANAH''']])  
| rowspan=2 align="right"|'''12,425'''
| rowspan=2 align="right"|'''12,425'''
| rowspan=2|'''39.00%'''
| rowspan=2|'''47.16%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
| Hamzah Mohd Kasim ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
| Hamzah Mohd Kasim ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |8,811
|align="right" |8,811
|27.60%
|33.44%
| rowspan=2|26,346  
| rowspan=2|26,346  
| rowspan=2|3,614
| rowspan=2|3,614
Line 163: Line 257:
| Radzi Zainon ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| Radzi Zainon ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
|align="right" |4,627
|align="right" |4,627
|14.50%
|17.56%
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ '''[[Dewan Rakyat|Parliament of Malaysia]]'''<ref name="election results"/><ref name="undiinfo"/>
!|Year
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|
!|Votes
!|Pct
!colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Ballots cast
!|Majority
!|Turnout
|-
|-
|[[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]]
| rowspan="3" |[[2022 Perak state election|2022]]
|P67 [[Kuala Kangsar]], Perak
| rowspan="3" {{Party shading/PH}} |
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
| rowspan="3" |'''Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin''' ([[National Trust Party (Malaysia)|'''AMANAH''']])
|Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin ([[Parti Islam Se-Malaysia|PAS]])
| rowspan="3" align=right|'''15,065'''
|align="right" |6,747
| rowspan="3" |'''41.91%'''
|33.43%
| bgcolor={{party color|Perikatan Nasional}} |
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Mohader Ahmad Mohammad Ayob ([[Malaysian United Indigenous Party|BERSATU]])
|{{nowrap|'''[[Rafidah Aziz]]'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
| align=right|11,571
|align="right" |'''12,938'''
|32.19%
|'''64.10%'''
| rowspan="3" |35,942
|20,184
| rowspan="3" |3,494
|6,191
| rowspan="3" |74.99%
|71.09%
|-
|-
| rowspan=2|[[2009 Bukit Gantang by-election|2009]]
| {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
| rowspan=2|P59 [[Bukit Gantang]], Perak
|Hang Tuah Din ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/PAS}} |
|align="right"|9,152
| rowspan=2|'''Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin''' ([[Parti Islam Se-Malaysia|'''PAS''']])
|25.46%
| rowspan=2 align="right" |'''21,860'''
| rowspan=2|'''52.50%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Ismail Safian ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |19,071
|45.80%
| rowspan=2|41,626
| rowspan=2|2,789
| rowspan=2|75.00%
|-
|-
|{{Party shading/Independent}} |
| {{Party shading/Sabah Heritage Party}} |
|Kamarul Ramizu Idris ([[Independent politician|IND]])
|Roshanita Mohamad Basir ([[Heritage Party (Malaysia)|WARISAN]])
|align="right" |62
|align="right" |154
|0.10%
| align=right|0.43%
|}
|}


==Honours==
==Honours==
* {{Flag|Perak}} :
* {{Flag|Perak}}
** [[File:MY-PERA Order of the Perak State Crown - Kn Grd Commander - SPMP.svg|50px]] Knight Grand Commander of the [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Perak|Order of the Perak State Crown]] (SPMP) – '''Dato' Seri''' (2008)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/forum/kebijaksanaan-sultan-perak-1.784898|title=Kebijaksanaan Sultan Perak|date=11 November 2018|language=ms|work=[[Utusan Malaysia]]|author=AHMAD, Hulu Bernam|accessdate=25 January 2019}}</ref>
** [[File:MY-PERA Order of the Perak State Crown - Kn Grd Commander - SPMP.svg|50px]] Knight Grand Commander of the [[Order of the Perak State Crown]] (SPMP) – '''Dato' Seri''' (2008)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.utusan.com.my/rencana/forum/kebijaksanaan-sultan-perak-1.784898|title=Kebijaksanaan Sultan Perak|date=11 November 2018|language=ms|work=[[Utusan Malaysia]]|author=AHMAD, Hulu Bernam|accessdate=25 January 2019}}</ref>
 
== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{reflist|30em}}
== External links ==
* {{cci}}


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Chief Ministers of Perak|Chief Minister of Perak]]|years=2008–2009}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Menteri Besar of Perak]]|years=2008–2009}}
{{s-aft|after= [[Zambry Abdul Kadir]] }}
{{s-aft|after= [[Zambry Abdul Kadir]] }}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}
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{{portal|Malaysia}}
{{portal|Malaysia}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Nizar Jamaluddin, Mohammad}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Kampar, Perak]]
[[Category:People from Kampar, Perak]]
[[Category:People from Perak]]
[[Category:Malaysian politicians of Malay descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian people of Malay descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian politicians of Chinese descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian people of Chinese descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian Muslims]]
[[Category:Malaysian Muslims]]
[[Category:Malaysian engineers]]
[[Category:Malaysian engineers]]
[[Category:Malaysian Islamic Party politicians]]
[[Category:Former Malaysian Islamic Party politicians]]
[[Category:National Trust Party (Malaysia) politicians]]
[[Category:National Trust Party (Malaysia) politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Dewan Rakyat]]
[[Category:Members of the Perak State Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Members of the Perak State Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Perak state executive councillors]]
[[Category:Perak state executive councillors]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Perak]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Perak]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in the Perak State Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Leaders of the opposition in the Perak State Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Alumni of Aston University]]
[[Category:Alumni of Aston University]]
[[Category:21st-century Malaysian politicians]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 2008–2013]]

Latest revision as of 17:07, 13 February 2026


Template:Malay name

Yang Berhormat Dato' Seri
Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin
Lua error: expandTemplate: template "post-nominals/MYS" does not exist.
نزار جمال الدين
Member of the
Perak State Executive Council
Assumed office
22 November 2022
(Infrastructure, Energy, Water & Public Transport : since 23 November 2022)[note 1]
MonarchNazrin Shah
Menteri BesarSaarani Mohamad
Preceded byMohd Zolkafly Harun
ConstituencySungai Rapat
In office
19 May 2018 – 10 March 2020
(Investment & Corridor Development)
MonarchNazrin Shah
Menteri BesarAhmad Faizal Azumu
Preceded byMohd Zahir Abdul Khalid
Succeeded byShahrul Zaman Yahya
ConstituencySungai Rapat
10th Menteri Besar of Perak
In office
17 March 2008 – 12 May 2009
MonarchAzlan Shah
Preceded byTajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali
Succeeded byZambry Abdul Kadir
ConstituencyPasir Panjang
Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly
for Sungai Rapat
Assumed office
9 May 2018
Preceded byRadzi Zainon
(PR–PAS)
Majority3,614 (2018)
3,494 (2022)
Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly
for Changkat Jering
In office
5 May 2013 – 9 May 2018
Preceded byMohd Osman Mohd Jailu
(PR–PKR)
Succeeded byAhmad Saidi Mohamad Daud
(BN–UMNO)
Majority1,170 (2013)
Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly
for Pasir Panjang
In office
8 March 2008 – 5 May 2013
Preceded byM. Ramachandran
(BN–MIC)
Succeeded byRashidi Ibrahim
(BN–UMNO)
Majority4,474 (2008)
Member of the Malaysian Parliament
for Bukit Gantang
In office
7 April 2009 – 5 May 2013
Preceded byRoslan Shaharum
(PR–PAS)
Succeeded byIdris Ahmad
(PR–PAS)
Majority2,789 (2009)
Faction represented in Perak State Legislative Assembly
2008–2015Malaysian Islamic Party
2015–2018National Trust Party
2018–Pakatan Harapan
Faction represented in Dewan Rakyat
2009–2013Malaysian Islamic Party
Personal details
Born
Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin

(1957-03-17) 17 March 1957 (age 69)
Kampar, Perak, Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia)
CitizenshipMalaysian
Political party Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS)
(1995–2015)
National Trust Party (AMANAH)
(since 2015)
Other political
affiliations		Barisan Alternatif (BA)
(1999–2004)
Pakatan Rakyat (PR)
(2008–2015)
Pakatan Harapan (PH)
(since 2015)
Spouse(s)Fatimah Taat
Children8
ResidenceSungai Rokam, Perak
Alma materAston University
OccupationPolitician
ProfessionEngineer

Mohammad Nizar bin Jamaluddin (born 17 March 1957) is a Malaysian politician and engineer who has served as a member of the Perak State Executive Council since November 2022 under Saarani Mohamad and from May 2018 to March 2020 under Ahmad Faizal Azumu, and as a member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly for Sungai Rapat since May 2018. He previously served as the 10th Menteri Besar of Perak from March 2008 to the collapse of his administration in February 2009, represented Changkat Jering from May 2013 to May 2018 and Pasir Panjang from March 2008 to May 2013 in the legislative assembly, and represented Bukit Gantang in the Dewan Rakyat from April 2009 to May 2013.

He is a member of the National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan coalition, and was a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS). He is presently the sole member in the legislative assembly from AMANAH.

Personal life[edit | edit source]

Nizar is the son of a Malay father and a Chinese mother, and was raised in a Malay-Muslim household.[1] Nizar is married to Datin Seri Fatimah Taat with whom he has eight children. Since 2009 he has resided in Sungai Rokam, Perak. Prior to his current residence, he resided at the official residence for the Menteri Besar at Jalan Raja DiHilir.[2]

Nizar is an engineering graduate from Aston University in Birmingham, United Kingdom.[3]

Political career[edit | edit source]

Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin joined the Malaysian Islamic Party in 1995 and served as the Kampar district committee member of the Malaysian Islamic Party from 1999 to 2001, and then became the Kampar district chairman (2001 to ?). On the State Joint Committee, he served as treasurer from 2001 to 2006 and then as secretary. During the 2004 general election, Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin ran for the Kuala Kangsar parliamentary constituency, but was defeated by his opponent Rafidah Aziz.[4]

On 8 March 2008, the Pakatan Rakyat coalition in Perak won 31 seats of the 59 seat Perak State Legislative Assembly, which enabled it to form a majority state government.[5] The Democratic Action Party (DAP) commanded the most seats out of the 31 seats held by Pakatan Rakyat and were the claimants to the post of Menteri Besar or the head of the state government. However, the Perak State Constitution stipulated that the Menteri Besar must be of Malay descent, and a non-Malay could only be appointed through royal waiver by the Perak Palace. To resolve this, all three parties sent their nominations for the position to the Regent of Perak, Raja Nazrin Shah. Nizar was chosen over Ngeh Koo Ham of the DAP and Jamaluddin Mohd Radzi of People's Justice Party (PKR) on 12 March 2008 by Raja Nazrin,[6] and sworn in on 17 March 2008 at Istana Iskandariah, Kuala Kangsar. Nizar was the first person not part of the Barisan National coalition to be Menteri Besar in Perak.

The appointment of Nizar created a minor stir within the opposition coalition after the DAP's central executive committee, under the advice of former national chairman Lim Kit Siang, ordered DAP state assemblymen to boycott the swearing-in ceremony to be held on 13 March 2008. Raja Nazrin then ordered a delay of the swearing in ceremony and asked all 31 of Pakatan Rakyat's assemblymen to pledge their support for Nizar's appointment, as anything otherwise would mean Nizar lacked the confidence of a majority of the state assembly and could not be appointed Menteri Besar. Lim later apologised and said he did not mean to disrespect the decision of the Sultan and the regent of Perak.[7] Following the resolution of this matter, all the state assemblymen from PKR, PAS and DAP (including Lim Kit Siang) attended the Menteri Besar swearing-in ceremony in support of Nizar.

Nizar's administration's decision to grant freehold titles to ethnic Chinese landholders in new village settlements garnered controversy and then-deputy prime minister Najib Razak disputed the act's legality, claiming the jurisdiction lied federally.[8] His administration was heavily criticised on various issues by the Malaysian mainstream press, especially by Utusan Malaysia and Berita Harian, Malay-nationalist newspapers owned by the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of Barisan Nasional[9] and Nizar faced accusations of being a proxy for the DAP.[10]

2009 Perak constitutional crisis[edit | edit source]

Main article: 2009 Perak constitutional crisis

In July 2008, former Menteri Besari Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali claimed that the Pakatan Rakyat state government in Perak would fall on 31 August 2008, Malaysia's Independence day, through defections to Barisan Nasional from the Pakatan Rakyat.[11] Nizar dismissed Tajol's claims and remarked "Who is he (Tajol) to predict the future?".

On 25 January 2009, a Barisan Nasional assemblyman Nasarudin Hashim announced his defection PKR from UMNO, the second largest party in the state's Pakatan Rakyat coalition.[12] Pakatan's leader and federal leader of the opposition Anwar Ibrahim claimed more would defect,[13] a statement reaffirmed by Nizar who claimed that three more members from UMNO would defect.[14]

However, the defection of three Pakatan assemblymen, including Nasarudin, to UMNO led to the fall of the Pakatan state government. A new state administration was sworn in with Zambry Abdul Kadir serving as the new Menteri Besar, but Nizar rejected the appointment and continued to conduct official duties. The speaker of the state assembly V. Sivakumar then suspended all Barisan executive councillors for "contempt of assembly" after a complaint was lodged by an assemblyman.

On 11 May 2009, the Kuala Lumpur High Court ruled that the Sultan could not constitutionally remove Nizar from office, and that Nizar had always been the rightful Menteri Besar. Nizar announced his intention to immediately meet with the Sultan to request dissolution of the state assembly, while Zambry Abdul Kadir, the intended Barisan Menteri Besar, stating he would vacate the state secretariat as soon as possible.[15] However, in February 2010, the Federal Court reversed the High Court's decision and ruled Zambry to be the lawful Menteri Besar.[16]

Legal proceedings[edit | edit source]

2014 criminal defamation charge[edit | edit source]

Nizar was charged in a nationwide dragnet in August 2014 for criminal defamation for allegedly making a speech in 2012 prior to the 2013 general election saying "I was informed that Najib will call all the army generals to do something if BN lost in the general election."[17] The defamation case was settled on 26 July 2016, after Najib accepts Nizar's apology.[18]

Election results[edit | edit source]

Parliament of Malaysia[19][20]
Year Constituency Candidate Votes Pct Opponent(s) Votes Pct Ballots cast Majority Turnout
2004 P067 Kuala Kangsar Template:Party shading/PAS | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin (PAS) 6,747 33.43% Template:Party shading/Barisan Nasional | Rafidah Aziz (UMNO) 12,938 64.10% 20,184 6,191 71.09%
2009 P059 Bukit Gantang rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/PAS | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin (PAS) 21,860 52.50% Template:Party shading/Barisan Nasional | Ismail Safian (UMNO) 19,071 45.80% 41,626 2,789 75.00%
Template:Party shading/Independent | Kamarul Ramizu Idris (IND) 62 0.10%
Perak State Legislative Assembly[21][19][20][22][23][24]
Year Constituency Candidate Votes Pct Opponent(s) Votes Pct Ballots cast Majority Turnout
2008 N51 Pasir Panjang Template:Party shading/PAS | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin (PAS) 11,994 62.81% Template:Party shading/Barisan Nasional | Vasan Sinnadurai (MIC) 7,520 39.38% 19,097 4,474 76.02%
2013 N14 Changkat Jering rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/PAS | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin (PAS) 14,495 51.28% Template:Party shading/Barisan Nasional | Rosli Husin (UMNO) 13,325 47.14% 28,264 1,170 85.40%
Template:Party shading/Independent | Zulkifli Ibrahim (IND) 84 0.30%
2018 N44 Sungai Rapat rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Keadilan | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin (AMANAH) 12,425 47.16% Template:Party shading/Barisan Nasional | Hamzah Mohd Kasim (UMNO) 8,811 33.44% 26,346 3,614 82.60%
Template:Party shading/PAS | Radzi Zainon (PAS) 4,627 17.56%
2022 rowspan="3" Template:Party shading/PH | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin (AMANAH) 15,065 41.91% Mohader Ahmad Mohammad Ayob (BERSATU) 11,571 32.19% 35,942 3,494 74.99%
Template:Party shading/Barisan Nasional | Hang Tuah Din (UMNO) 9,152 25.46%
Template:Party shading/Sabah Heritage Party | Roshanita Mohamad Basir (WARISAN) 154 0.43%

Honours[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Assumed portfolios a day after taking office.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Hah Foong Lian, Perak MB takes challenges in his stride, 4 April 2008, The Malaysian Bar (original article from The Star)
  2. ↑ "Nizar moves out of MB's residence". New Straits Times. 23 February 2009. Archived from the original on 24 February 2009. Retrieved 23 February 2009.
  3. ↑ "Nizar is new Perak MB". Malaysiakini. 12 March 2008. Archived from the original on 13 March 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2008.
  4. ↑ "莫哈末尼查 宣誓就任霹大臣_新聞頁_北美新浪網". news.sina.com. Archived from the original on 16 October 2017. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
  5. ↑ Election Information, Perak State Assembly 2008 Archived 7 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine www.undi.info
  6. ↑ "Nizar is new Perak MB". New Straits Times. 12 March 2008. Archived from the original on 17 March 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2008.
  7. ↑ "DAP apologises for statement on appointment of Perak MB". New Straits Times. 13 March 2008. Archived from the original on 14 March 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2008.
  8. ↑ "States must refer land issues to national council". New Straits Times. 23 December 2008. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 10 February 2009.
  9. ↑ "Utusan accuses Nizar of neglecting Malays". Malaysian Insider. 4 January 2009. Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2009.
  10. ↑ "Nizar denies being a puppet of DAP cousins". Archived from the original on 15 March 2009. Retrieved 12 May 2009.
  11. ↑ "Perak gov't to fall 31 Aug 2008 – Tajol Rosli". New Straits Times. 6 July 2008. Archived from the original on 22 August 2008. Retrieved 10 February 2009.
  12. ↑ "Bota rep defects to PKR". New Straits Times. 26 January 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2009. [dead link]
  13. ↑ "Anwar claims more BN reps to defect". asiaone news. 28 January 2008. Archived from the original on 29 January 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
  14. ↑ "Pakatan Rakyat Perak: PR wooing three UMNO assemblymen to defect". New Straits Times. 27 January 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
  15. ↑ Yatim, Hafiz (11 May 2009). "Court rules Nizar is legitimate MB". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 11 May 2009.
  16. ↑ "5-0 for BN's Zambry". The Star. 10 February 2010. Archived from the original on 12 February 2010. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
  17. ↑ "Former Perak MB charged with defaming Najib two years ago". The Edge. 25 August 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  18. ↑ "Defamation Case Settled, PM Accepts Nizar's Apology". Bernama. Malaysia Today. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen/Dewan Undangan Negeri" (in Bahasa Melayu). Election Commission of Malaysia. Retrieved 11 July 2010. Percentage figures based on total turnout.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Malaysia General Election". undiinfo Malaysian Election Data. Malaysiakini. Retrieved 4 February 2017. Results only available from the 2004 election.
  21. ↑ "Malaysia Decides 2008". The Star. Archived from the original on 11 January 2010. Retrieved 2 January 2010.
  22. ↑ "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 13". Sistem Pengurusan Maklumat Pilihan Raya Umum (in Bahasa Melayu). Election Commission of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2013. Results only available for the 2013 election.
  23. ↑ "SEMAKAN KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM KE - 14" (in Bahasa Melayu). Election Commission of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2018. Percentage figures based on total turnout.
  24. ↑ "The Star Online GE14". The Star. Retrieved 24 May 2018. Percentage figures based on total turnout.
  25. ↑ AHMAD, Hulu Bernam (11 November 2018). "Kebijaksanaan Sultan Perak". Utusan Malaysia (in Bahasa Melayu). Retrieved 25 January 2019.

External links[edit | edit source]

Political offices
Preceded by
Tajol Rosli Mohd Ghazali 		Menteri Besar of Perak
2008–2009 		Succeeded by
Zambry Abdul Kadir

Template:Pakatan Harapan

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