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{{Short description|Capital city of Kaduna State, Nigeria}} | |||
{{Use Nigerian English|date=January 2023}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}} | |||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of anything that's a native name is not in English -->| settlement_type | <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of anything that's a native name is not in English -->| settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> | ||
| image_skyline | | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | ||
| photo1a = Lugard Hall, Kaduna. Parliamentary house of assembly Capital of North Region.jpg | | photo1a = Lugard Hall, Kaduna. Parliamentary house of assembly Capital of North Region.jpg | ||
| photo2a = River Kaduna 14.jpg | | photo2a = River Kaduna 14.jpg | ||
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| size = 275 | | size = 275 | ||
| spacing = 2}} | | spacing = 2}} | ||
| image_caption | | image_caption = '''Clockwise from top:'''<br> Lugard Hall, the [[Kaduna River]], columns in honour of [[Elizabeth II]]'s state visit, and entrance of [[Hassan Usman Katsina]] House | ||
| imagesize | | imagesize = | ||
| image_flag | | image_flag = | ||
| flag_size | | flag_size = | ||
| image_seal | | image_seal = | ||
| seal_size | | seal_size = | ||
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| shield_size | | shield_size = | ||
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| nickname | | nickname = | ||
| motto | | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | ||
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| mapsize | | mapsize = | ||
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| pushpin_map | | pushpin_map = Nigeria<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.Bharatpedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> | ||
| pushpin_label_position | | pushpin_label_position = bottom | ||
| pushpin_map_caption | | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Nigeria | ||
<!-- Location ------------------>| coordinates | <!-- Location ------------------>| coordinates = {{coord|10|31|23|N|7|26|25|E|region:NG|display=inline}} | ||
| subdivision_type | | subdivision_type = Country | ||
| subdivision_name | | subdivision_name = [[File:Flag of Nigeria.svg|25px]] [[Nigeria]] | ||
| subdivision_type1 | | subdivision_type1 = [[States of Nigeria|State]] | ||
| subdivision_type2 | | subdivision_type2 = | ||
| subdivision_type3 | | subdivision_type3 = | ||
| subdivision_type4 | | subdivision_type4 = | ||
| subdivision_name1 | | subdivision_name1 = [[Kaduna State]] | ||
| subdivision_name2 | | subdivision_name2 = | ||
| subdivision_name3 | | subdivision_name3 = | ||
| subdivision_name4 | | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> | ||
| established_title | | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | ||
| established_date | | established_date = | ||
| established_title2 | | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | ||
| established_date2 | | established_date2 = | ||
| established_title3 | | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | ||
| established_date3 | | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | ||
| government_footnotes | | government_footnotes = | ||
| government_type | | government_type = | ||
| leader_title | | leader_title = [[List of Governors of Kaduna State|Governor]] | ||
| leader_name | | leader_name = [[Uba Sani]] | ||
| leader_title1 | | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->Deputy Governor | ||
| leader_name1 | | leader_name1 = [[Hadiza Balarabe]] | ||
| unit_pref | | unit_pref = | ||
| area_footnotes | | area_footnotes = | ||
| area_magnitude | | area_magnitude = | ||
| area_total_km2 | | area_total_km2 = 431<!-- ALL fields dealing with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> | ||
| area_total_sq_mi | | area_total_sq_mi = | ||
| area_land_km2 | | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | ||
| area_land_sq_mi | | area_land_sq_mi = | ||
| area_water_km2 | | area_water_km2 = | ||
| area_water_sq_mi | | area_water_sq_mi = | ||
| area_water_percent | | area_water_percent = | ||
| area_urban_km2 | | area_urban_km2 = | ||
| area_urban_sq_mi | | area_urban_sq_mi = | ||
| area_metro_km2 | | area_metro_km2 = | ||
| area_metro_sq_mi | | area_metro_sq_mi = | ||
| area_blank1_title | | area_blank1_title = | ||
| area_blank1_km2 | | area_blank1_km2 = | ||
| area_blank1_sq_mi | | area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> | ||
| population_total | | population_total = 760,084 | ||
| population_as_of | | population_as_of = 2006 census | ||
| population_footnotes | | population_footnotes = <ref>Summing the 2 LGAs Kaduna North/South as per {{cite web|url=http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/nbsapps/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |title=Legal Notice on Publication of the Details of the Breakdown of the National and State Provisional Totals 2006 Census |author=Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazette |date=15 May 2007 |access-date=2007-05-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305101910/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/nbsapps/Connections/Pop2006.pdf |archive-date= 5 March 2012 }}</ref> | ||
| population_density_km2 | | population_density_km2 = auto | ||
| population_density_sq_mi | | population_density_sq_mi = | ||
| population_urban | | population_urban = | ||
| population_density_urban_km2 | | population_density_urban_km2 = | ||
| population_density_urban_sq_mi | | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | ||
| population_metro | | population_metro = | ||
| population_density_metro_km2 | | population_density_metro_km2 = | ||
| population_density_metro_sq_mi | | population_density_metro_sq_mi = | ||
| population_rank | | population_rank = [[List of Nigerian cities by population|8th]] | ||
| population_blank1_title | | population_blank1_title = Ethnicities | ||
| population_blank1 | | population_blank1 = {{hlist|[[Gbagyi]]| [[Adara people|Adara]]| [[Hausa people|Hausa]]| [[Atyap people|Atyap]]-[[Bajju people|Bajju]]| [[Ham people|Ham]]| [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]]| [[Fulani]]| [[Kanuri people|Kanuri]]| [[Marghi]]| [[Nupe people|Nupe]]| [[Igbo people|Igbo]]}} | ||
| population_density_blank1_km2 | | population_density_blank1_km2 = | ||
| population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | | population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> | ||
| population_blank2_title | | population_blank2_title = Religions | ||
| population_blank2 | | population_blank2 = | ||
| population_note | | population_note = <!-- GDP ---------------> | ||
| elevation_m | | demographics_type1 = [[GDP|GDP (PPP, 2015 int. Dollar)]] | ||
| website | | demographics1_footnotes = | ||
| footnotes | | demographics1_title1 = Year | ||
| image_dot_map | | demographics1_info1 = 2023 | ||
| dot_mapsize | | demographics1_title2 = Total | ||
| dot_map_caption | | demographics1_info2 = $9.7 billion<ref name="TelluBase">{{cite web|url=https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_nga.pdf|publisher=Tellusant|title=TelluBase—Nigeria Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)| access-date = 2024-01-11}}</ref> | ||
| dot_x | | demographics1_title3 = Per capita | ||
| dot_y | | demographics1_info3 = $8,200 | ||
| leader_title2 | | elevation_m = 250 | ||
| leader_name2 | | website = {{URL|http://www.kdsg.gov.ng}} | ||
| leader_title3 | | footnotes = | ||
| leader_name3 | | image_dot_map = | ||
| leader_title4 | | dot_mapsize = | ||
| leader_name4 | | dot_map_caption = | ||
| timezone | | dot_x = | ||
| utc_offset | | dot_y = | ||
| timezone_DST | | leader_title2 = | ||
| utc_offset_DST | | leader_name2 = | ||
| blank_name | | leader_title3 = | ||
| blank_info | | leader_name3 = | ||
| leader_title4 = | |||
| leader_name4 = | |||
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | |||
| utc_offset = +1 | |||
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | |||
| utc_offset_DST = +1 | |||
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | |||
| blank_info = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
<!-- Infobox starts!--><!-- Infobox ends -->[[File:Kaduna City Center 23.jpg|thumb|Kaduna City Center]] | |||
'''Kaduna''' is the capital city of [[Kaduna State]], and the former political capital of [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Nigeria]]. It is located in north-western [[Nigeria]], on the [[Kaduna River]]. It is a trade | '''Kaduna''' {{Audio|LL-Q56475 (hau)-Eunice Ameh-kaduna.wav|Listen|help=no}} is the capital city of [[Kaduna State]], and the former political capital of [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Nigeria]]. It is located in north-western [[Nigeria]], on the [[Kaduna River]]. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of [[Nigeria]], with its rail and important road network.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-01 |title=Kaduna - Abuja Train Schedule & Ticket Prices (August 2023) {{!}} Nigerian Price |url=https://nigerianprice.com/kaduna-abuja-train/ |access-date=2023-08-22 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Encyclopedia Britannica {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> | ||
The population of Kaduna was at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census. Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, | The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna (State, Nigeria) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location |url=https://citypopulation.de/en/nigeria/admin/NGA019__kaduna/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=citypopulation.de}}</ref> Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as of 2024, the city has an estimated population of 1.2 million people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna Population 2024 |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/kaduna-population |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=worldpopulationreview.com}}</ref> | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
The | The word ''Kaduna'' is said to be a corruption of the Hausa word for "crocodiles", ''Kadduna'' in the [[Hausa language]] (''kaduna'' being the plural form).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kaduna-Nigeria|title=Kaduna {{!}} Location, History, & Facts|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref> Another version of the etymology of the name proposes a link to the [[Gbagyi language|Gbagyi]] word/name 'Odna', meaning 'river'.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Fundamentals of the Gbagyi Language|last=Shekwo|first=Joseph Amali|publisher=Centre for Adult Education and Extension Services, Ahmadu Bello University|year=1979|location=Zaria|ol=2795890M|oclc=11043184|url=https://openlibrary.org/books/OL2795890M/Fundamentals_of_the_Gbagyi_language}}</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Kaduna was founded by [[British Empire|British]] colonists in 1900.<ref>Toyin Falola, Ann Genova, Matthew M. Heaton, ''Historical Dictionary of Nigeria'', Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2018, p. 217</ref> The first British governor of Northern Nigeria, Sir [[Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard|Frederick Lugard]], chose the present site for development due to its proximity to the [[Lagos-Kano Railway]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Kaduna|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kaduna-Nigeria|access-date=13 November 2016|website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> It became the capital of Nigeria's former [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Region]] in 1917,<ref>{{cite book|last=Fletcher|first=Banister |author2=Dan Cruickshank |title=Sir Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture|year=1996|chapter=Africa|publisher=Architectural Press|isbn= 0-7506-2267-9|page=1466}}</ref> and retained this status until 1967. The city is still influential as the headquarters of various political, military and cultural organizations. | [[File:Kaduna Panorama Digital Photography 17.jpg|thumb|sultan road Kaduna state ]] | ||
Kaduna was founded by [[British Empire|British]] colonists in 1900.<ref>Toyin Falola, Ann Genova, Matthew M. Heaton, ''Historical Dictionary of Nigeria'', Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2018, p. 217</ref> The first British governor of Northern Nigeria, Sir [[Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard|Frederick Lugard]], chose the present site for development due to its proximity to the [[Lagos-Kano Railway]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Kaduna|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kaduna-Nigeria|access-date=13 November 2016|website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> It became the capital of Nigeria's former [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Region]] in 1917,<ref>{{cite book|last=Fletcher|first=Banister |author2=Dan Cruickshank |title=[[Sir Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture]] |year=1996|chapter=Africa|publisher=Architectural Press|isbn= 0-7506-2267-9|page=1466}}</ref> and retained this status until 1967. The city is still influential as the headquarters of various political, military and cultural organizations, especially in Northern Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web |last=opeinfobase |date=2022-11-01 |title=Economic Profile Of Kaduna State: Statistics And Key Challenges |url=https://infomediang.com/kaduna-state-economic-profile/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
In 1976, when the General [[Murtala Muhammed|Murtala Mohammed]] administration created seven new states in Nigeria, North Central State, with capital at Kaduna, was renamed Kaduna State. It was made up of the two colonial period Provinces of [[Zaria]] and [[Katsina (city)|Katsina]]. When in 1991, the number of states in the country was increased from twenty-one to thirty, Katsina Province became Katsina State, while the old Zaria Province became the new Kaduna State. There are twenty-three local government areas (LGAs) in the state, although the number of ethnic groups is much larger.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=U. |first=Aleazu |date=1986 |title=Nigeria: After 25 years |journal=Nigeria |volume=2}}</ref> | |||
== Economy == | == Economy == | ||
[[File:Beautiful View of River Kaduna.jpg|thumb| Beautiful Imagery of River Kaduna ]] | |||
[[File:River Kaduna and Old Railway Bridge, Another View.jpg|thumb|River Kaduna and Old Railway Bridge.|left|156x156px]] | [[File:River Kaduna and Old Railway Bridge, Another View.jpg|thumb|River Kaduna and Old Railway Bridge.|left|156x156px]] | ||
=== Industries === | === Industries === | ||
Kaduna is a major industrial | Kaduna is a major industrial center in Northern Nigeria, manufacturing products like [[textile]]s, [[machinery]], [[steel]], [[aluminum]], [[petroleum]] products and [[Bearing (mechanical)|bearings]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna Town in Kaduna Nigeria Guide |url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Kaduna/History-of-Kaduna-in-Kaduna-State.html |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> However, the textile industry has been in decline due to recent Chinese imports and factory closures caused by years of neglect across many administrations. Other light manufactures include: [[plastics]], [[pharmaceuticals]], [[leather]] goods, furniture, and televisions.<ref name=":1" /> [[Agriculture]] is also a major industry in Kaduna, and as such, the Bank of Agriculture has its headquarters in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigeria's Bank of Agriculture - financing farmers|url=https://www.sukfin.com/knowledge/bank-of-agriculture/|access-date=2020-05-30|website=SukFin|language=en-US}}</ref> Some main agricultural exports include: cotton, peanuts, sorghum, and ginger.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Lagassé|first1=Paul|url=https://archive.org/details/columbiaencyclop00laga|chapter=Kaduna|date=January 2000|title=Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia|publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=9780787650155|edition=6th|access-date=13 November 2016|url-access=registration}}</ref> Kaduna also has a branch of the [[Nigerian Stock Exchange]].<ref name=":1" /> [[Automobile manufacturing]] also remains an important part of Kaduna's economy.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Kaduna|url=https://citiesintransition.net/fct-cities/kaduna/|access-date=13 November 2016|website=The Forum for Cities in Transition|archive-date=14 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114084037/https://citiesintransition.net/fct-cities/kaduna/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Peugeot Automobiles Nigeria has an [[assembly plant]] in Kaduna.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peugeot Nigeria {{!}} Motion & Emotion|url=https://www.peugeotnigeria.com/|access-date=2019-08-01|website=www.peugeotnigeria.com|language=en}}</ref> Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC), one of Nigeria's four main [[oil refineries]] is located in Kaduna. It is supplied by a pipeline from the [[Niger Delta]] oil fields.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC)|url=https://www.nnpcgroup.com/Refining/Pages/KRPC.aspx|access-date=2019-08-01|website=www.nnpcgroup.com|archive-date=27 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627142425/https://www.nnpcgroup.com/Refining/Pages/KRPC.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
A 2009 [[World Bank]] survey states that Kaduna is one of the top six cities with the highest [[unemployment]]. 20% of the population | A 2009 [[World Bank]] survey states that Kaduna is one of the top six cities with the highest [[unemployment]]. 20% of the population was estimated to be unemployed.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Sports and tourism == | |||
There is a large [[racecourse]] named [[Murtala Square|Murtala Mohammed Square]], approximately {{convert|1|mi|km|order=flip}} | There is a large [[racecourse]] named [[Murtala Square|Murtala Mohammed Square]], approximately {{convert|1|mi|km|order=flip}} in perimeter, inside which is found the [[Kaduna Polo Club]]. [[Kaduna Golf Club]] is also located within the Kaduna [[Central Business District|CBD]]. Other sports facilities include the [[Ahmadu Bello Stadium]] and [[Ranchers Bees Stadium]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna Polo Club Murtala Muhammed Square - Kaduna - WorldPlaces |url=https://nigeria.worldplaces.me/view-place/39131649-kaduna-polo-club-murtala-muhammed-square.html |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=nigeria.worldplaces.me |language=en}}</ref> The city boasts of several tourist attractions some of which are: | ||
* Kaduna National Museum | |||
* Jaji Military Cantonment | |||
* Kajur Castle <ref>{{Cite web |title=10 Best Things to do in Kaduna |url=https://www.tripadvisor.com/Attractions-g676697-Activities-Kaduna_Kaduna_State.html |access-date=July 3, 2024 |website=Trip Advisors}}</ref> | |||
== | == Infrastructure == | ||
The city | The infrastructure network in the city was upgraded by the administration of Governor [[Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai|Nasir el-Rufai]] with an underpass, flyover structures and streetlight facilities. Kaduna has an inland dry port.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kaduna Inland Dry Port (KIDP)|url=http://kadunainlanddryport.net/|access-date=2019-07-28|website=Kaduna Inland Dry Port|language=en-US}}</ref> The Nigerian military has several formations and institutions in the city including the [[Nigerian Defence Academy]],<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=2020-10-10|title=PHOTOS: Passing -out parade of Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/10/photos-passing-out-parade-of-nigerian-defence-academy-kaduna/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref> and the Air Force Institute of Technology. | ||
=== | == Airport == | ||
The city is served by [[Kaduna Airport|Kaduna International Airport]]. The airport commenced operations in 1982.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-02-06|title=Kaduna Airport|url=https://www.faan.gov.ng/kaduna-airport/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria|language=en|archive-date=4 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210604055003/https://www.faan.gov.ng/kaduna-airport/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Nigerian Air Force maintains a presence in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airports - Farringdon Jets |url=https://farringdonjets.com/category/airports/page/2/ |access-date=2023-09-16 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Nigerian Air Force conducts search, rescue exercise along Kaduna-Abuja highway |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/434602-nigerian-air-force-conducts-search-rescue-exercise-along-kaduna-abuja-highway.html?tztc=1 |access-date=3 January 2021|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref> | |||
Kaduna is also on the route of the planned [[Lagos–Kano Standard Gauge Railway]], which has been completed between the national capital of [[Abuja]] and Kaduna. Trains for [[Abuja]] depart from the [[Rigasa Railway Station]] in Kaduna.<ref name="muhammad2016">{{cite news|last1=Muhammad|first1=Hamisu|date=23 July 2016|title=A memorable trip on the Abuja-Kaduna train | == Railways == | ||
[[File:River Kaduna 4.jpg|thumb|Railway overhead bridge in kaduna state]] | |||
[[File:River Kaduna 2.jpg|thumb|The surrounding of River kaduna bridge]] | |||
[[File:River Kaduna 6.jpg|thumb|Maize farming beside RAILWAY in kaduna state]] | |||
Kaduna is also on the route of the planned [[Lagos–Kano Standard Gauge Railway]], which has been completed between the national capital of [[Abuja]] and Kaduna. Trains for [[Abuja]] depart from the [[Rigasa Railway Station]] in Kaduna.<ref name="muhammad2016">{{cite news|last1=Muhammad|first1=Hamisu|date=23 July 2016|title=A memorable trip on the Abuja-Kaduna train|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/general/a-memorable-trip-on-the-abuja-kaduna-train/156469.html|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]}}</ref> Kaduna is an important junction on Nigeria's [[Rail transport in Nigeria|Cape gauge railway network]]. At Kaduna, a branch line connects the [[Lagos]]–Nguru Railway to the [[Port Harcourt]]–Maiduguri railway.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lagos-Kano train service to begin full operation August 13 |date=8 August 2021 |url=https://gazettengr.com/lagos-kano-train-service-to-begin-full-operation-august-13/ |publisher=Peoples Gazette |access-date=4 August 2024}}</ref> | |||
== Education == | == Education == | ||
[[File:Kaduna State Polytechnic 02.jpg|thumb|'''Kaduna Polytechnic''']] | |||
Kaduna is popularly known as the centre of learning, as evident from the numerous educational institutions located in the state. Tertiary Institutions in Kaduna city include: | Kaduna is popularly known as the centre of learning, as evident from the numerous educational institutions located in the state. Tertiary Institutions in Kaduna city include: | ||
[[File:Kaduna State University 62.jpg|thumb|Kaduna state University building]] | |||
*[[Kaduna State University]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria federal, state universities latest update on school resumption date|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-54078885|access-date=2021-06-28}}</ref> | *[[Kaduna State University]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria federal, state universities latest update on school resumption date|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-54078885|access-date=2021-06-28}}</ref> | ||
*[[Nigerian Defence Academy]] (NDA), Kaduna<ref name=":2" /> | *[[Nigerian Defence Academy]] (NDA), Kaduna<ref name=":2" /> | ||
*[[Greenfield University]] Kaduna<ref>{{Cite | *[[Greenfield University]] Kaduna<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-30|title=Kaduna govt confirms release of abducted Greenfield University students|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/05/kaduna-govt-confirms-release-of-abducted-greenfield-university-students/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
*[[National Open University of Nigeria]], Kaduna Study Center | *[[National Open University of Nigeria]], Kaduna Study Center | ||
* [[Air Force Institute of Technology (Nigeria)|Air Force Institute of Technology]], Kaduna<ref>{{Cite | * [[Air Force Institute of Technology (Nigeria)|Air Force Institute of Technology]], Kaduna<ref>{{Cite news|last=Makinwa|first=Ekaete|date=2021-02-16|title=List of federal universities in Nigeria and their school fees 2021/2022|url=https://www.legit.ng/1095689-list-federal-universities-nigeria-school-fees-20212022.html|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Legit.ng]]|language=en}}</ref> | ||
*[[National Teachers Institute]] (NTI), Kaduna<ref>{{Cite | *[[National Teachers Institute]] (NTI), Kaduna<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-04-27|title=Why we are extending registration for new intakes ―NTI boss|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/extending-registration-new-intakes-―nti-boss/|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> | ||
* School of Midwifery Kaduna<ref>{{Cite | * School of Midwifery Kaduna<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-03-06|title=Accreditation: Kaduna College of Nursing seeks govt. support|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/03/accreditation-kaduna-college-of-nursing-seeks-govt-support/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
*[[Kaduna Polytechnic]] (1968), Kaduna<ref>{{Cite | *[[Kaduna Polytechnic]] (1968), Kaduna<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-10-05|title=FG Releases List Of Top 10 Nigerian Polytechnics|url=https://thewhistler.ng/fg-releases-list-of-top-10-nigerian-polytechnics/|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[The Whistler (newspaper)|The Whistler]]|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-08-19|title=List of Federal Polytechnic in Nigeria|url=https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/nigerian-tertiary-institutions-list-of-federal-polytechnic-in-nigeria/0wxl8fb|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en}}</ref> | ||
* | *National Board for Islamic and Arabic studies<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-04-21|title=We are not responsible for staff salary ― National Arabic Board|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/we-are-not-responsible-for-staff-salary-―-national-arabic-board/|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> | ||
*Kaduna Business School<ref>{{Cite | *Kaduna Business School<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-05-24|title=NUC releases names of 58 illegal universities in Nigeria (FULL LIST)|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/269560-nuc-releases-names-of-58-illegal-universities-in-nigeria-full-list.html|access-date=2021-06-28|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-05-25|title=58 fake universities operating at the moment in Nigeria, says NUC|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/05/58-fake-universities-operating-moment-nigeria-says-nuc/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
* | *Dialogue Institute Kaduna<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/company/590/dialogue-computer-institute-kaduna | title=Dialogue Computer Institute, Kaduna }}</ref> | ||
*Institute of Ophthalmology, National Eye Centre, Kaduna.<ref>{{Cite | *Institute of Ophthalmology, [[National Eye Centre]], Kaduna.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-05-23|title=National Eye Centre shutdown 80% services- The Nation Nigeria Newsa|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/national-eye-centre-shutdown-80-services/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
== Administrative Areas == | |||
Administration of the state started with the concept of Provincial Administration and Native/Local Authority systems. However, in 1976 the Mohammed Administration introduced the Local Government Area system (LGA) which delegated some responsibilities to the elected/appointed councillors. With each successive Federal Military Administration, the number of the LGAs in Kaduna State increased from fourteen in the early 1980s to the present twenty-three in 1998. In each LGA, smaller units such as districts and wards, are recognised.<ref name=":3" /> | |||
== Places of worship == | == Places of worship == | ||
Among the [[places of worship]], there are | Among the [[places of worship]], there are churches and mosques.<ref>J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 2107</ref> [[Sultan Bello Mosque]] is the biggest and a central mosque in Kaduna. There are also churches: [[Church of Nigeria]] ([[Anglican Communion]]), [[Presbyterian Church of Nigeria]] ([[World Communion of Reformed Churches]]), [[Nigerian Baptist Convention]] ([[Baptist World Alliance]]), [[Evangelical Church Winning All]], [[Living Faith Church Worldwide]], [[Redeemed Christian Church of God]], [[Assemblies of God]], [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kaduna]] ([[Catholic Church]]), [[Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries]], Universal Reformed Christian Church (Protestant Church).<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kaduna police arrest kidnappers' gang leader linked to Catholic church attack |date=23 March 2024 |url=https://punchng.com/kaduna-police-arrest-kidnappers-gang-leader-linked-to-catholic-church-attack/ |access-date=23 March 2024|newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> | ||
==Climate== | ==Climate== | ||
<div style="width:100%;"> | <div style="width:100%;"> | ||
{{Weather box | |||
|location = Kaduna | [[File:Hayin Amina RGS, effects of erosion 023.jpg|thumb|Erosion Rigasa Kaduna ]] | ||
[[File:Hayin Amina RGS, effects of erosion 007.jpg|thumb|climate issues. Kaduna, igabi]] | |||
The Kaduna region has a tropical climate. The summers have a lot more rain than the winters do. The predominant climate in this area is categorised as Aw by the Köppen-Geiger scale. Kaduna's yearly mean temperature is 25.2 °C, or 77.4 °F. A total of 39.3 inches or 998 mm of precipitation falls per year. | |||
Due to its proximity to the equator, Kaduna's summers are difficult to characterise. January, February, March, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December are the finest months to travel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaduna climate: Temperature Kaduna & Weather By Month - Climate-Data.org |url=https://en.climate-data.org/africa/nigeria/kaduna/kaduna-539/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=en.climate-data.org}}</ref>{{Weather box | |||
|location = Kaduna (1991-2020, extremes 1951-1965 & 1991-2020)) | |||
|metric first = Yes | |metric first = Yes | ||
|single line = Yes | |single line = Yes | ||
|Jan record high C = | |Jan record high C = 38.0 | ||
|Feb record high C = | |Feb record high C = 40.0 | ||
|Mar record high C = | |Mar record high C = 40.0 | ||
|Apr record high C = | |Apr record high C = 43.0 | ||
|May record high C = | |May record high C = 39.3 | ||
|Jun record high C = | |Jun record high C = 35.0 | ||
|Jul record high C = | |Jul record high C = 36.0 | ||
|Aug record high C = | |Aug record high C = 33.0 | ||
|Sep record high C = | |Sep record high C = 33.4 | ||
|Oct record high C = | |Oct record high C = 37.7 | ||
|Nov record high C = | |Nov record high C = 36.4 | ||
|Dec record high C = | |Dec record high C = 36.2 | ||
|year record high C = | |year record high C = | ||
|Jan high C = 31. | |Jan high C = 31.3 | ||
|Feb high C = | |Feb high C = 34.1 | ||
|Mar high C = | |Mar high C = 36.2 | ||
|Apr high C = | |Apr high C = 36.1 | ||
|May high C = | |May high C = 33.1 | ||
|Jun high C = | |Jun high C = 30.5 | ||
|Jul high C = | |Jul high C = 29.0 | ||
|Aug high C = | |Aug high C = 28.3 | ||
|Sep high C = 29. | |Sep high C = 29.9 | ||
|Oct high C = 31. | |Oct high C = 31.6 | ||
|Nov high C = 32. | |Nov high C = 32.9 | ||
|Dec high C = 31. | |Dec high C = 31.6 | ||
|year high C = | |year high C = 32.1 | ||
|Jan mean C = 23.4 | |Jan mean C = 23.4 | ||
|Feb mean C = | |Feb mean C = 26.2 | ||
|Mar mean C = | |Mar mean C = 28.7 | ||
|Apr mean C = | |Apr mean C = 29.6 | ||
|May mean C = | |May mean C = 27.7 | ||
|Jun mean C = | |Jun mean C = 25.8 | ||
|Jul mean C = | |Jul mean C = 24.8 | ||
|Aug mean C = | |Aug mean C = 24.4 | ||
|Sep mean C = | |Sep mean C = 25.1 | ||
|Oct mean C = | |Oct mean C = 25.8 | ||
|Nov mean C = 24. | |Nov mean C = 24.9 | ||
|Dec mean C = 23. | |Dec mean C = 23.4 | ||
|year mean C = | |year mean C = 25.8 | ||
|Jan low C = 15. | |Jan low C = 15.5 | ||
|Feb low C = | |Feb low C = 18.3 | ||
|Mar low C = | |Mar low C = 21.3 | ||
|Apr low C = | |Apr low C = 23.1 | ||
|May low C = | |May low C = 22.2 | ||
|Jun low C = | |Jun low C = 21.0 | ||
|Jul low C = | |Jul low C = 20.6 | ||
|Aug low C = | |Aug low C = 20.4 | ||
|Sep low C = | |Sep low C = 20.2 | ||
|Oct low C = | |Oct low C = 19.9 | ||
|Nov low C = | |Nov low C = 16.8 | ||
|Dec low C = | |Dec low C = 15.2 | ||
|year low C = | |year low C = 19.6 | ||
|Jan record low C = 9. | |Jan record low C = 9.0 | ||
|Feb record low C = 8.9 | |Feb record low C = 8.9 | ||
|Mar record low C = 15.0 | |Mar record low C = 15.0 | ||
| Line 241: | Line 269: | ||
|year record low C = 8.9 | |year record low C = 8.9 | ||
|precipitation colour = green | |precipitation colour = green | ||
|Jan precipitation mm = 0. | |Jan precipitation mm = 0.0 | ||
|Feb precipitation mm = | |Feb precipitation mm = 0.4 | ||
|Mar precipitation mm = | |Mar precipitation mm = 11.2 | ||
|Apr precipitation mm = | |Apr precipitation mm = 41.5 | ||
|May precipitation mm = | |May precipitation mm = 124.7 | ||
|Jun precipitation mm = | |Jun precipitation mm = 184.8 | ||
|Jul precipitation mm = | |Jul precipitation mm = 254.4 | ||
|Aug precipitation mm = | |Aug precipitation mm = 335.3 | ||
|Sep precipitation mm = | |Sep precipitation mm = 280.7 | ||
|Oct precipitation mm = | |Oct precipitation mm = 92.0 | ||
|Nov precipitation mm = | |Nov precipitation mm = 0.0 | ||
|Dec precipitation mm = 0 | |Dec precipitation mm = 0.0 | ||
|year precipitation mm = | |year precipitation mm = 1325.0 | ||
|unit precipitation days = 0 | |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm | ||
|Jan precipitation days = 0 | |Jan precipitation days = 0.0 | ||
|Feb precipitation days = 0 | |Feb precipitation days = 0.1 | ||
|Mar precipitation days = | |Mar precipitation days = 0.8 | ||
|Apr precipitation days = | |Apr precipitation days = 3.4 | ||
|May precipitation days = | |May precipitation days = 9.7 | ||
|Jun precipitation days = | |Jun precipitation days = 12.9 | ||
|Jul precipitation days = | |Jul precipitation days = 14.8 | ||
|Aug precipitation days = | |Aug precipitation days = 17.5 | ||
|Sep precipitation days = | |Sep precipitation days = 16.4 | ||
|Oct precipitation days = | |Oct precipitation days = 7.1 | ||
|Nov precipitation days = 0 | |Nov precipitation days = 0 | ||
|Dec precipitation days = 0 | |Dec precipitation days = 0 | ||
|year precipitation days = | |year precipitation days = 82.8 | ||
|Jan humidity = | |Jan humidity = 40.1 | ||
|Feb humidity = | |Feb humidity = 33.9 | ||
|Mar humidity = | |Mar humidity = 38.0 | ||
|Apr humidity = | |Apr humidity = 58.5 | ||
|May humidity = | |May humidity = 74.9 | ||
|Jun humidity = | |Jun humidity = 81.6 | ||
|Jul humidity = | |Jul humidity = 85.1 | ||
|Aug humidity = | |Aug humidity = 87.4 | ||
|Sep humidity = 85 | |Sep humidity = 85.2 | ||
|Oct humidity = | |Oct humidity = 77.8 | ||
|Nov humidity = | |Nov humidity = 59.1 | ||
|Dec humidity = | |Dec humidity = 48.6 | ||
|year humidity = | |year humidity = 64.2 | ||
|Jan sun = 279.0 | |Jan sun = 279.0 | ||
|Feb sun = 262.7 | |Feb sun = 262.7 | ||
| Line 307: | Line 335: | ||
|Decd sun = 9.5 | |Decd sun = 9.5 | ||
|yeard sun = 7.6 | |yeard sun = 7.6 | ||
|source 1 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref name = DWD> | | source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web | ||
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Nigeria/CSV/Kaduna_65019.csv | |||
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Kano | |||
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | |||
|access-date = January 7, 2024}}</ref> | |||
|source 2 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (sun 1951-1965)<ref name = DWD> | |||
{{cite web | {{cite web | ||
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_650190_kt.pdf | | url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_650190_kt.pdf | ||
| Line 317: | Line 350: | ||
}}</div> | }}</div> | ||
== Notable | == Notable people== | ||
*[[Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab]], the "underwear bomber" suspect of the terrorist arson attempt on [[Northwest flight 253]] in December 2009, grew up here | {{div col}} | ||
* [[Tijani Babangida]], footballer who played [[Winger (association football)|winger]] with Ajax<ref>{{Cite | <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their OWN article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦---> | ||
*[[Celestine Babayaro]], footballer who played mainly in the [[Premier League]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=What's in the Kaduna water? New Roma starlets join long line of impressive talents out of northern Nigeria {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4079/features/2016/06/27/24973092/something-in-the-kaduna-water-new-roma-starlets-join-long|access-date=2021-06-28|website=www.goal.com}}</ref> | <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> | ||
* [[Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab]], the "underwear bomber" suspect of the terrorist arson attempt on [[Northwest flight 253]] in December 2009, grew up here.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/17/world/africa/17abdulmutallab.html | work=The New York Times | first=Adam | last=Nossiter | title=Lonely Trek to Radicalism for Terror Suspect | date=2010-01-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title="Underwear Bomber" Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab Pleads Guilty|url=https://www.fbi.gov/detroit/press-releases/2011/underwear-bomber-umar-farouk-abdulmutallab-pleads-guilty|access-date=2021-06-28|website=FBI|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Childress|first=Sarah|date=2010-01-11|title=Ghana Probes Visit by Bomb Suspect|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB126261251907114813|access-date=2021-06-28|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> | |||
* [[Nabil Abdulrashid]], British-Nigerian comedian | |||
* [[Efe Ambrose]], [[association football|footballer]] who played for the [[Nigeria national football team]] was born and raised here<ref name="goal.com"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-10|title=Brazil 2014: Profiling Nigeria's defenders {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/sports/162503-brazil-2014-profiling-nigerias-defenders.html|access-date=2021-06-28|language=en-GB}}</ref> | |||
* [[Tijani Babangida]], footballer who played [[Winger (association football)|winger]] with Ajax<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-08-01|title=Tijani Babangida opens up on Zidane encounter in Champions League tie|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/08/tijani-babangida-opens-up-on-zidane-encounter-in-champions-league-tie/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Alao|first=Seyi|date=2020-09-25|title=NFF, CAF and Ajax celebrates Tijani Babangida at 47|url=https://www.brila.net/nff-caf-and-ajax-celebrates-tijani-babangida-at-47/|access-date=2021-06-28|website=Latest Sports News In Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
*[[Celestine Babayaro]], footballer who played mainly in the [[Premier League]]<ref name="goal.com">{{Cite web|title=What's in the Kaduna water? New Roma starlets join long line of impressive talents out of northern Nigeria {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4079/features/2016/06/27/24973092/something-in-the-kaduna-water-new-roma-starlets-join-long|access-date=2021-06-28|website=www.goal.com}}</ref> | |||
*[[Sunday Bada]], athlete | |||
*[[Mamman Daura]], elder statesman | |||
*[[David Egbo]], footballer | |||
*[[Michael Eneramo]], footballer | *[[Michael Eneramo]], footballer | ||
*[[Fiona Fullerton]], British actress and former [[Bond girl]] | *[[Fiona Fullerton]], British actress and former [[Bond girl]] | ||
*[[Leke James]], footballer<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leke James eager for Middle East experience after completing Al Qadsiah move {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ke/news/leke-james-eager-for-middle-east-experience-after-completing/1wdfn6s8tc7k81e7f91pmutje4|access-date=2021-06-28|website=www.goal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-17|title=What more does Leke James need to do to get Super Eagles call-up?|url=https://scorenigeria.com.ng/what-more-does-leke-james-need-to-do-to-get-super-eagles-call-up/|access-date=2021-06-28|website=Score Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> | *[[Leke James]], footballer<ref>{{Cite web|title=Leke James eager for Middle East experience after completing Al Qadsiah move {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ke/news/leke-james-eager-for-middle-east-experience-after-completing/1wdfn6s8tc7k81e7f91pmutje4|access-date=2021-06-28|website=www.goal.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-17|title=What more does Leke James need to do to get Super Eagles call-up?|url=https://scorenigeria.com.ng/what-more-does-leke-james-need-to-do-to-get-super-eagles-call-up/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814114349/https://scorenigeria.com.ng/what-more-does-leke-james-need-to-do-to-get-super-eagles-call-up/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=August 14, 2020|access-date=2021-06-28|website=Score Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
*[[Zamani Lekwot]], statesman<ref>{{Cite | *[[Hassan Katsina]], elder statesman. | ||
*[[Ahmed | *[[Zamani Lekwot]], statesman<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-08-18|title=SOUTHERN KADUNA KILLINGS: KDSG has questions to answer — Zamani Lekwot|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/08/southern-kaduna-killings-kdsg-has-questions-to-answer-zamani-lekwot/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-01-03|title=Outsiders caused Southern Kaduna crises, Lekwot declares|url=https://guardian.ng/news/outsiders-caused-southern-kaduna-crises-lekwot-declares/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
*[[ | *[[Ahmed Makarfi]], politician<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-07-16|title=Senator Makarfi loses father|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/senator-makarfi-loses-father/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
*[[Shehu Sani]], politician<ref>{{Cite | *[[Magaji Muhammed]], politician and elder statesman. | ||
*[[Uba Sani]], politician<ref>{{Cite | *[[Umaru Mutallab]], Nigerian business mogul | ||
*[[ | *[[Sam Oye]] (born 1974), pastor | ||
*[[Adam A Zango]], [[Kannywood]] actor, musician, singer and dancer.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-12|title=Angry youth stone, abuse Adam Zango at Kaduna Musical Festival {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/195035-angry-youth-stone-abuse-adam-zango-at-kaduna-musical-festival.html|access-date=2021-06-28|language=en-GB}}</ref> | *[[Dahiru Sadi]], footballer<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ayeni|first=Olawale|date=2020-11-11|title=Kaduna Marathon Gets 6 Goodwill Ambassadors|url=https://leadership.ng/kaduna-marathon-gets-6-goodwill-ambassadors/|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> | ||
*[[Talib Zanna]] (born 1990), basketball player in the [[Israel Basketball Premier League]] | *[[Namadi Sambo]], politician<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-01-14|title=Ex-Kaduna Speaker Jumare dies - The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/ex-kaduna-speaker-jumare-dies/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
* [[ | *[[Shehu Sani]], politician<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-05-10|title=Senator reacts to Gov El-Rufai's outbursts, curses|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/shehu-sani-senator-reacts-to-gov-el-rufais-outbursts-curses/34p1yqg|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|language=en|archive-date=28 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628080349/https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/shehu-sani-senator-reacts-to-gov-el-rufais-outbursts-curses/34p1yqg|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-05-04|title=El-Rufai: The three senators representing Kaduna are useless|url=https://www.thecable.ng/el-rufai-the-three-senators-representing-kaduna-are-useless|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[TheCable]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
*[[Uba Sani]], politician<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-12-31|title=Uba Sani gives hope to Kaduna Central in 2021|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/12/uba-sani-gives-hope-to-kaduna-central-in-2021/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Simeh|first=Chamba|date=2020-11-08|title=Kaduna cheers as Uba Sani picks legislative excellence award|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/kaduna-cheers-as-uba-sani-picks-legislative-excellence-award/|location=Abuja, Nigeria|access-date=2021-06-28|newspaper=[[Blueprint (newspaper)|Blueprint]]|language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
*[[Shehu Musa Yar'Adua|Shehu Musa Yaradua]], politician and elder statesman | |||
*[[Ibrahim Zakzaky]], Islamic preacher | |||
*[[Adam A. Zango]], [[Kannywood]] actor, musician, singer and dancer.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-12|title=Angry youth stone, abuse Adam Zango at Kaduna Musical Festival {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/195035-angry-youth-stone-abuse-adam-zango-at-kaduna-musical-festival.html|access-date=2021-06-28|language=en-GB}}</ref> | |||
*[[Talib Zanna]] (born 1990), basketball player in the [[Israel Basketball Premier League]], | |||
*[[Eddy Wata]], [[Eurodance]] artist. | |||
{{div col end}} | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Railway stations in Nigeria]] | * [[Railway stations in Nigeria]] | ||
* [[Kaduna State]] | * [[Kaduna State]] | ||
*[[National Ear Care Centre]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
| Line 352: | Line 402: | ||
[[Category:Populated places in Kaduna State]] | [[Category:Populated places in Kaduna State]] | ||
[[Category:Cities in Nigeria]] | [[Category:Cities in Nigeria]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1900 establishments in Africa]] | ||
[[Category:Populated places established in | [[Category:Populated places established in 1900]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:56, 27 March 2026
Kaduna | |
|---|---|
    Clockwise from top: Lugard Hall, the Kaduna River, columns in honour of Elizabeth II's state visit, and entrance of Hassan Usman Katsina House | |
| Lua error in Module:Location_map at line 501: Unable to find the specified location map definition: "Module:Location map/data/Nigeria" does not exist. | |
| Coordinates: 10°31′23″N 7°26′25″E / 10.52306°N 7.44028°E | |
| Country |  Nigeria |
| State | Kaduna State |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Uba Sani |
| • Deputy Governor | Hadiza Balarabe |
| Area | |
| • Total | 431 km2 (166 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 250 m (820 ft) |
| Population (2006 census)[1] | |
| • Total | 760,084 |
| • Rank | 8th |
| • Density | 1,800/km2 (4,600/sq mi) |
| • Ethnicities | |
| GDP (PPP, 2015 int. Dollar) | |
| • Year | 2023 |
| • Total | $9.7 billion[2] |
| • Per capita | $8,200 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (CEST) |
| Climate | Aw |
| Website | www |
Kaduna 
Listen is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network.[3][4]
The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census.[5] Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as of 2024, the city has an estimated population of 1.2 million people.[6]
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The word Kaduna is said to be a corruption of the Hausa word for "crocodiles", Kadduna in the Hausa language (kaduna being the plural form).[7] Another version of the etymology of the name proposes a link to the Gbagyi word/name 'Odna', meaning 'river'.[8]
History[edit | edit source]
Kaduna was founded by British colonists in 1900.[9] The first British governor of Northern Nigeria, Sir Frederick Lugard, chose the present site for development due to its proximity to the Lagos-Kano Railway.[10] It became the capital of Nigeria's former Northern Region in 1917,[11] and retained this status until 1967. The city is still influential as the headquarters of various political, military and cultural organizations, especially in Northern Nigeria.[12]
In 1976, when the General Murtala Mohammed administration created seven new states in Nigeria, North Central State, with capital at Kaduna, was renamed Kaduna State. It was made up of the two colonial period Provinces of Zaria and Katsina. When in 1991, the number of states in the country was increased from twenty-one to thirty, Katsina Province became Katsina State, while the old Zaria Province became the new Kaduna State. There are twenty-three local government areas (LGAs) in the state, although the number of ethnic groups is much larger.[13]
Economy[edit | edit source]
Industries[edit | edit source]
Kaduna is a major industrial center in Northern Nigeria, manufacturing products like textiles, machinery, steel, aluminum, petroleum products and bearings.[14] However, the textile industry has been in decline due to recent Chinese imports and factory closures caused by years of neglect across many administrations. Other light manufactures include: plastics, pharmaceuticals, leather goods, furniture, and televisions.[10] Agriculture is also a major industry in Kaduna, and as such, the Bank of Agriculture has its headquarters in the city.[15] Some main agricultural exports include: cotton, peanuts, sorghum, and ginger.[16] Kaduna also has a branch of the Nigerian Stock Exchange.[10] Automobile manufacturing also remains an important part of Kaduna's economy.[17] Peugeot Automobiles Nigeria has an assembly plant in Kaduna.[18] Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC), one of Nigeria's four main oil refineries is located in Kaduna. It is supplied by a pipeline from the Niger Delta oil fields.[10][19]
A 2009 World Bank survey states that Kaduna is one of the top six cities with the highest unemployment. 20% of the population was estimated to be unemployed.[17]
Sports and tourism[edit | edit source]
There is a large racecourse named Murtala Mohammed Square, approximately 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) in perimeter, inside which is found the Kaduna Polo Club. Kaduna Golf Club is also located within the Kaduna CBD. Other sports facilities include the Ahmadu Bello Stadium and Ranchers Bees Stadium.[20] The city boasts of several tourist attractions some of which are:
- Kaduna National Museum
- Jaji Military Cantonment
- Kajur Castle [21]
Infrastructure[edit | edit source]
The infrastructure network in the city was upgraded by the administration of Governor Nasir el-Rufai with an underpass, flyover structures and streetlight facilities. Kaduna has an inland dry port.[22] The Nigerian military has several formations and institutions in the city including the Nigerian Defence Academy,[23] and the Air Force Institute of Technology.
Airport[edit | edit source]
The city is served by Kaduna International Airport. The airport commenced operations in 1982.[24] The Nigerian Air Force maintains a presence in the city.[25][26]
Railways[edit | edit source]
Kaduna is also on the route of the planned Lagos–Kano Standard Gauge Railway, which has been completed between the national capital of Abuja and Kaduna. Trains for Abuja depart from the Rigasa Railway Station in Kaduna.[27] Kaduna is an important junction on Nigeria's Cape gauge railway network. At Kaduna, a branch line connects the Lagos–Nguru Railway to the Port Harcourt–Maiduguri railway.[28]
Education[edit | edit source]
Kaduna is popularly known as the centre of learning, as evident from the numerous educational institutions located in the state. Tertiary Institutions in Kaduna city include:
- Kaduna State University[29]
- Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Kaduna[23]
- Greenfield University Kaduna[30]
- National Open University of Nigeria, Kaduna Study Center
- Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna[31]
- National Teachers Institute (NTI), Kaduna[32]
- School of Midwifery Kaduna[33]
- Kaduna Polytechnic (1968), Kaduna[34][35]
- National Board for Islamic and Arabic studies[36]
- Kaduna Business School[37][38]
- Dialogue Institute Kaduna[39]
- Institute of Ophthalmology, National Eye Centre, Kaduna.[40]
Administrative Areas[edit | edit source]
Administration of the state started with the concept of Provincial Administration and Native/Local Authority systems. However, in 1976 the Mohammed Administration introduced the Local Government Area system (LGA) which delegated some responsibilities to the elected/appointed councillors. With each successive Federal Military Administration, the number of the LGAs in Kaduna State increased from fourteen in the early 1980s to the present twenty-three in 1998. In each LGA, smaller units such as districts and wards, are recognised.[13]
Places of worship[edit | edit source]
Among the places of worship, there are churches and mosques.[41] Sultan Bello Mosque is the biggest and a central mosque in Kaduna. There are also churches: Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion), Presbyterian Church of Nigeria (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Nigerian Baptist Convention (Baptist World Alliance), Evangelical Church Winning All, Living Faith Church Worldwide, Redeemed Christian Church of God, Assemblies of God, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kaduna (Catholic Church), Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries, Universal Reformed Christian Church (Protestant Church).[42]
Climate[edit | edit source]
The Kaduna region has a tropical climate. The summers have a lot more rain than the winters do. The predominant climate in this area is categorised as Aw by the Köppen-Geiger scale. Kaduna's yearly mean temperature is 25.2 °C, or 77.4 °F. A total of 39.3 inches or 998 mm of precipitation falls per year.
Due to its proximity to the equator, Kaduna's summers are difficult to characterise. January, February, March, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December are the finest months to travel.[43]| Climate data for Kaduna (1991-2020, extremes 1951-1965 & 1991-2020)) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 38.0 (100.4) |
40.0 (104.0) |
40.0 (104.0) |
43.0 (109.4) |
39.3 (102.7) |
35.0 (95.0) |
36.0 (96.8) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.4 (92.1) |
37.7 (99.9) |
36.4 (97.5) |
36.2 (97.2) |
43.0 (109.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 31.3 (88.3) |
34.1 (93.4) |
36.2 (97.2) |
36.1 (97.0) |
33.1 (91.6) |
30.5 (86.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.3 (82.9) |
29.9 (85.8) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.9 (91.2) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.1 (89.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 23.4 (74.1) |
26.2 (79.2) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.6 (85.3) |
27.7 (81.9) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.4 (75.9) |
25.1 (77.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.9 (76.8) |
23.4 (74.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
18.3 (64.9) |
21.3 (70.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.4 (68.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
19.9 (67.8) |
16.8 (62.2) |
15.2 (59.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
8.9 (48.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
14.7 (58.5) |
16.7 (62.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
16.7 (62.1) |
16.7 (62.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
8.9 (48.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) |
0.4 (0.02) |
11.2 (0.44) |
41.5 (1.63) |
124.7 (4.91) |
184.8 (7.28) |
254.4 (10.02) |
335.3 (13.20) |
280.7 (11.05) |
92.0 (3.62) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1,325 (52.17) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 9.7 | 12.9 | 14.8 | 17.5 | 16.4 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 | 82.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 40.1 | 33.9 | 38.0 | 58.5 | 74.9 | 81.6 | 85.1 | 87.4 | 85.2 | 77.8 | 59.1 | 48.6 | 64.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 279.0 | 262.7 | 266.6 | 243.0 | 241.8 | 216.0 | 155.0 | 120.9 | 171.0 | 248.0 | 285.0 | 294.5 | 2,783.5 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 9.0 | 9.3 | 8.6 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 5.7 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 7.6 |
| Source 1: NOAA[44] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun 1951-1965)[45] | |||||||||||||
Notable people[edit | edit source]
- Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, the "underwear bomber" suspect of the terrorist arson attempt on Northwest flight 253 in December 2009, grew up here.[46][47][48]
- Nabil Abdulrashid, British-Nigerian comedian
- Efe Ambrose, footballer who played for the Nigeria national football team was born and raised here[49][50]
- Tijani Babangida, footballer who played winger with Ajax[51][52]
- Celestine Babayaro, footballer who played mainly in the Premier League[49]
- Sunday Bada, athlete
- Mamman Daura, elder statesman
- David Egbo, footballer
- Michael Eneramo, footballer
- Fiona Fullerton, British actress and former Bond girl
- Leke James, footballer[53][54]
- Hassan Katsina, elder statesman.
- Zamani Lekwot, statesman[55][56]
- Ahmed Makarfi, politician[57]
- Magaji Muhammed, politician and elder statesman.
- Umaru Mutallab, Nigerian business mogul
- Sam Oye (born 1974), pastor
- Dahiru Sadi, footballer[58]
- Namadi Sambo, politician[59]
- Shehu Sani, politician[60][61]
- Uba Sani, politician[62][63]
- Shehu Musa Yaradua, politician and elder statesman
- Ibrahim Zakzaky, Islamic preacher
- Adam A. Zango, Kannywood actor, musician, singer and dancer.[64]
- Talib Zanna (born 1990), basketball player in the Israel Basketball Premier League,
- Eddy Wata, Eurodance artist.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Summing the 2 LGAs Kaduna North/South as per Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazette (15 May 2007). "Legal Notice on Publication of the Details of the Breakdown of the National and State Provisional Totals 2006 Census" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 19 May 2007.
- ↑ "TelluBase—Nigeria Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
- ↑ "Kaduna - Abuja Train Schedule & Ticket Prices (August 2023) | Nigerian Price". 1 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
- ↑ "Encyclopedia Britannica | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ↑ "Kaduna (State, Nigeria) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ↑ "Kaduna Population 2024". worldpopulationreview.com. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
- ↑ "Kaduna | Location, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- ↑ Shekwo, Joseph Amali (1979). Fundamentals of the Gbagyi Language. Zaria: Centre for Adult Education and Extension Services, Ahmadu Bello University. OCLC 11043184. OL 2795890M.
- ↑ Toyin Falola, Ann Genova, Matthew M. Heaton, Historical Dictionary of Nigeria, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2018, p. 217
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 "Kaduna". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
- ↑ Fletcher, Banister; Dan Cruickshank (1996). "Africa". Sir Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture. Architectural Press. p. 1466. ISBN 0-7506-2267-9.
- ↑ opeinfobase (1 November 2022). "Economic Profile Of Kaduna State: Statistics And Key Challenges". Retrieved 23 April 2024.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 U., Aleazu (1986). "Nigeria: After 25 years". Nigeria. 2.
- ↑ "Kaduna Town in Kaduna Nigeria Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ↑ "Nigeria's Bank of Agriculture - financing farmers". SukFin. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ↑ Lagassé, Paul (January 2000). "Kaduna". Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia (6th ed.). Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780787650155. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Kaduna". The Forum for Cities in Transition. Archived from the original on 14 November 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
- ↑ "Peugeot Nigeria | Motion & Emotion". www.peugeotnigeria.com. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- ↑ "Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC)". www.nnpcgroup.com. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- ↑ "Kaduna Polo Club Murtala Muhammed Square - Kaduna - WorldPlaces". nigeria.worldplaces.me. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ↑ "10 Best Things to do in Kaduna". Trip Advisors. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
- ↑ "Kaduna Inland Dry Port (KIDP)". Kaduna Inland Dry Port. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 "PHOTOS: Passing -out parade of Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. 10 October 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Kaduna Airport". Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria. 6 February 2017. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
- ↑ "Airports - Farringdon Jets". Retrieved 16 September 2023.
- ↑ "Nigerian Air Force conducts search, rescue exercise along Kaduna-Abuja highway". Premium Times. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ↑ Muhammad, Hamisu (23 July 2016). "A memorable trip on the Abuja-Kaduna train". Daily Trust.
- ↑ "Lagos-Kano train service to begin full operation August 13". Peoples Gazette. 8 August 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
- ↑ "Nigeria federal, state universities latest update on school resumption date". BBC News Pidgin. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Kaduna govt confirms release of abducted Greenfield University students". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. 30 May 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ Makinwa, Ekaete (16 February 2021). "List of federal universities in Nigeria and their school fees 2021/2022". Legit.ng. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Why we are extending registration for new intakes ―NTI boss". Nigerian Tribune. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Accreditation: Kaduna College of Nursing seeks govt. support". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. 6 March 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "FG Releases List Of Top 10 Nigerian Polytechnics". The Whistler. 5 October 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "List of Federal Polytechnic in Nigeria". Pulse Nigeria. 19 August 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "We are not responsible for staff salary ― National Arabic Board". Nigerian Tribune. 21 April 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "NUC releases names of 58 illegal universities in Nigeria (FULL LIST)". Premium Times. 24 May 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "58 fake universities operating at the moment in Nigeria, says NUC". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. 25 May 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Dialogue Computer Institute, Kaduna".
- ↑ "National Eye Centre shutdown 80% services- The Nation Nigeria Newsa". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria. 23 May 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 2107
- ↑ "Kaduna police arrest kidnappers' gang leader linked to Catholic church attack". The Punch. 23 March 2024. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
- ↑ "Kaduna climate: Temperature Kaduna & Weather By Month - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
- ↑ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Kano". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
- ↑ "Klimatafel von Kaduna / Nigeria" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in Deutsch). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
- ↑ Nossiter, Adam (17 January 2010). "Lonely Trek to Radicalism for Terror Suspect". The New York Times.
- ↑ ""Underwear Bomber" Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab Pleads Guilty". FBI. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ Childress, Sarah (11 January 2010). "Ghana Probes Visit by Bomb Suspect". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ 49.0 49.1 "What's in the Kaduna water? New Roma starlets join long line of impressive talents out of northern Nigeria | Goal.com". www.goal.com. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Brazil 2014: Profiling Nigeria's defenders | Premium Times Nigeria". 10 June 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Tijani Babangida opens up on Zidane encounter in Champions League tie". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. 1 August 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ Alao, Seyi (25 September 2020). "NFF, CAF and Ajax celebrates Tijani Babangida at 47". Latest Sports News In Nigeria. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Leke James eager for Middle East experience after completing Al Qadsiah move | Goal.com". www.goal.com. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "What more does Leke James need to do to get Super Eagles call-up?". Score Nigeria. 17 July 2020. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "SOUTHERN KADUNA KILLINGS: KDSG has questions to answer — Zamani Lekwot". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. 18 August 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Outsiders caused Southern Kaduna crises, Lekwot declares". The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 3 January 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Senator Makarfi loses father". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria. 16 July 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ Ayeni, Olawale (11 November 2020). "Kaduna Marathon Gets 6 Goodwill Ambassadors". Leadership. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Ex-Kaduna Speaker Jumare dies - The Nation Newspaper". The Nation. Lagos, Nigeria. 14 January 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Senator reacts to Gov El-Rufai's outbursts, curses". Pulse Nigeria. 10 May 2018. Archived from the original on 28 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "El-Rufai: The three senators representing Kaduna are useless". TheCable. 4 May 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Uba Sani gives hope to Kaduna Central in 2021". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ Simeh, Chamba (8 November 2020). "Kaduna cheers as Uba Sani picks legislative excellence award". Blueprint. Abuja, Nigeria. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ↑ "Angry youth stone, abuse Adam Zango at Kaduna Musical Festival | Premium Times Nigeria". 12 December 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
External links[edit | edit source]
10°31′N 7°26′E / 10.517°N 7.433°E Template:Cities in Nigeria