Bahmani–Vijayanagara War (1362–1367): Difference between revisions

Bahmani–Vijayanagara War (1362–1367) (edit)

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 Ultimately, both parties signed a treaty aimed at preventing civilian massacres in future conflicts, marking a pivotal moment in the military history of fourteenth-century Deccan India. The war highlighted the complex dynamics between regional powers and the devastating impact of conflict on civilian populations in the region.
+== Background ==
+After the fall of the [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysala dynasty]] in [[South India]] following the death of [[Veera Ballala III]], who was defeated by the [[Madurai Sultanate]] in the [[Battle of Kannanur]], the state was succeeded by some of his officers. Among them, the most prominent were three brothers named [[Harihara I]], who governed the [[Marathi people|Maratha region]], and [[Bukka Raya I]], who ruled over [[Hampi]] and [[Halebidu|Dwarasamudra]]. Their two younger brothers held minor posts, while Bukka's son Kampana served as the doorkeeper of the Hoysala king. These five brothers and their nephew were the founders of the [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagar empire]] in the fourteenth century. Meanwhile, the [[Bahmani Sultanate|Bahmanis]] had consolidated their power in the Deccan and were closely monitoring the situation in Delhi. The last mention of Harihara coincides with [[Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah|Bahman Shah]]'s declaration of independence. Harihara I was the first king of the Vijayanagar. By the time of Harihara's death, Bukka appears to have been the sole survivor among the five brothers. When [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]] of [[Delhi Sultanate]] announced that he would not endeavour to bring the South back under the rule of Delhi, the rulers of Vijayanagar and of Bahmani, relieved of this concern, were able to engage in hostilities independently.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Allan |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pMSFAAAAIAAJ |title=The Cambridge Shorter History of India |date=1964 |publisher=S. Chand |pages=172 |language=en}}</ref> At the same time, a ruler named Kanhayya, also known as Kanhaiya Nayak,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ewpAQAAMAAJ |title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam |date=1993 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-09419-2 |pages=458 |language=en}}</ref> or Kanya Nayak,<ref name=":0" /> who hailed from the [[Kakatiya dynasty]], established himself within the Vijayanagar realm as the [[Musunuri Nayakas|Musunuri Nayaka]] chief.{{sfn|Allan|1964|p=277}}
+<Gallery>
+File:Map of the Bahmani Sultanate.png|Map of the Bahmani Sultanate (Peak)
+</Gallery>
+Following the demise of Alauddin Bahman Shah, his son [[Mohammed Shah I|Muhammed Shah I]] succeeded to the throne of the Bahmani Sultanate.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UdW6lAEACAAJ |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |date=2013-03-15 |publisher=Ratna Sagar P. Limited |isbn=978-93-80607-34-4 |pages=106–108 |language=en}}</ref> During the reign of Muhammad Shah I, the conflicts between the Bahmanis and Vijayanagar commenced.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sinha |first1=Narendra Krishna |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aq9GAAAAMAAJ |title=History of India |last2=Banerjee |first2=Anil Chandra |date=1963 |publisher=A. Mukherjee |pages=293 |language=en}}</ref> Typically, their conflicts were interpreted as religious wars because of the religious disparities between the two states, leading to the assumption that Vijayanagar had been subjugated to the vassal status of the Bahmanis. However, this notions were the exaggerations during the medieval era. In reality, the wars between the Bahmanis and Vijayanagar were not religious in nature, but rather secular competitions for the acquisition of wealth and territory. Despite the victories of the Bahmanis in these conflicts, Vijayanagar never succumbed to vassalage at any point in time.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Nizāmī |first1=Khāliq Aḥmad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Y8tzwEACAAJ |title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanate, A.D. 1206-1526 |last2=Habib |first2=Muhammad |date=1982 |publisher=People's Publishing House |pages=1046–1049 |language=en}}</ref>
+The stretch of land between the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers became a point of contention among various dynasties, including the [[Western Chalukya Empire|Western Chalukyas]] and [[Chola Empire|Cholas]], as well as the [[Seuna (Yadava) dynasty|Yadavas]] and [[Hoysala Empire|Hoysalas]], who previously ruled over the territories later claimed by the Bahmanis and Vijayanagar. When the Bahmanis and Vijayanagar emerged from the remnants of these empires, history repeated itself. Moreover, the unique circumstances surrounding the formation of these two states made frequent warfare between them a common occurrence. During their inception, each state acquired only certain parts of the Raichur Doab, yet as the political successors of their predecessors, both aspired to control the entire region.<ref name=":1" />
 ==Reference==
 {{reflist}}