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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
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{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name          = Ini Oru Sudhanthiram
| image          = Ini Oru Sudhanthiram.jpg
| image          = Ini Oru Sudhanthiram.jpg
| alt            =
| caption        = Poster
| caption        = Poster
| native_name    = <!-- {{Infobox name module|language|title}} or {{Infobox name module|title}} -->
| director      = [[Manivannan]]
| director      = [[Manivannan]]
| writer        = Manivannan
| producer      = Thirupur N. Venkatachalam
| producer      = Thirupur N. Venkatachalam
| writer        = Manivannan
| starring      = [[Sivakumar]]
| starring      = [[Sivakumar]]
| music          = [[Gangai Amaran]]
| cinematography = A. Sabapathy
| cinematography = A. Sabapathy
| editing        = Gowthaman
| editing        = Gowthaman
| music          = [[Gangai Amaran]]
| studio        = Kalaikovil
| studio        = Kalaikovil
| distributor    = <!-- don't add without source -->
| released      = {{film date|1987|6|12|df=y}}
| released      = {{film date|1987|6|12|df=y}}
| runtime        = <!-- don't add without source -->
| country        = India
| country        = India
| language      = Tamil
| language      = Tamil
| budget        = <!-- don't add without source -->
| gross          = <!-- don't add without source -->
}}
}}
'''''Ini Oru Sudhanthiram''''' is a 1987 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[drama film]] directed by [[Manivannan]] and produced by Thirupur N. Venkatachalam. The film stars [[Sivakumar]], and was released on 12 June 1987.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ini Oru Sudhanthiram (1987) |url=https://screen4screen.com/yearly-movies/1987/ini-oru-sudhanthiram |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607044105/https://screen4screen.com/yearly-movies/1987/ini-oru-sudhanthiram |archive-date=7 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021 |website=Screen4Screen}}</ref>
'''''Ini Oru Sudhanthiram''''' ({{Translation|Freedom Now}}) is a 1987 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[political drama]] film written and directed by [[Manivannan]]. The film, starring [[Sivakumar]], was released on 12 June 1987,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ini Oru Sudhanthiram (1987) |url=https://screen4screen.com/movies/ini-oru-sudhanthiram |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116034507/https://screen4screen.com/movies/ini-oru-sudhanthiram |archive-date=16 January 2024 |access-date=16 January 2024 |website=Screen 4 Screen}}</ref> and failed at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2020 |title=நட்சத்திரங்களுடன் ஒரு வண்ணத்துப்பூச்சி: 32- இயக்குநர் ராசி அழகப்பன் எழுதும் தொடர் |url=http://andhimazhai.com/news/view/rasi-azhagppan-32.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105065442/http://andhimazhai.com/news/view/rasi-azhagppan-32.html |archive-date=5 January 2023 |access-date=5 January 2023 |website=Andhimazhai |language=ta}}</ref>


== Plot ==
== Plot ==
 
{{More plot|date=November 2022}}
Sundaramoorthy ([[Sivakumar]]) is an Indian liberal leader. He tries to obtain his [[pension]] money, but all his attempts are futile. His daughter Kannamma ([[Rekha (South Indian actress)|Rekha]]) gets cheated by a collector and she gives birth to a baby but the collector avoids that baby. The collector is killed by Sundaramoorthy, who is sentenced to death. How the lives of such a leader and his family changes due to circumstances, forms the crux of the story.
Sundaramoorthy is an Indian liberal leader. He tries to obtain his [[pension]] money, but all his attempts are futile. His daughter Kannamma gets cheated by a collector and she gives birth to a baby but the collector avoids that baby. The collector is killed by Sundaramoorthy, who is sentenced to death. How the lives of such a leader and his family changes due to circumstances, forms the crux of the story.


== Cast ==
== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[Sivakumar]] as Sundaramoorthy<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Sivakumar]] as Sundaramoorthy<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Nalini (actress)|Nalini]]<ref name="protamil" />
* [[Vagai Chandrasekhar|Chandrasekhar]] as Muthukaalai<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Vagai Chandrasekhar|Chandrasekhar]] as Muthukaalai<ref name="hindutamil">{{Cite news |date=9 July 2021 |title=திரைப்படச்சோலை 47: இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம் |language=ta |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/blogs/691126-thiraippada-solai.html |access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref>
* [[Pandiyan (actor)|Pandiyan]] as Pandiyan
* [[Pandiyan (actor)|Pandiyan]]<ref name="protamil" />
* [[Raja (Tamil actor)|Raja]] as Raja, the collector<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Rekha (South Indian actress)|Rekha]] as Kannamma<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Janagaraj]]
* [[Raja (Tamil actor)|Raja]] as the collector<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Senthil]]
* [[Jeevitha]]<ref name="protamil" />
* [[Nalini (actress)|Nalini]] as Marudagam
* [[Sulakshana (actress)|Sulakshana]]<ref name="protamil" />
* [[Rekha Harris|Rekha]] as Kannamma<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Janagaraj]]<ref name="protamil" />
* [[Jeevitha]] as Thayamma
* [[Senthil]]<ref name="protamil" />
* [[Kovai Sarala]]
* [[Kovai Sarala]]<ref name="protamil" />
* [[Gandhimathi]]
* [[Sathyaraj]]<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Sulakshana (actress)|Sulakshana]]
* [[Vinu Chakravarthy]]
* [[Chitra Lakshmanan]]
* [[Thyagu (actor)|Thyagu]]
* [[Periya Karuppu Thevar]]
* [[Sathyaraj]] as an [[Indian Police Service|IPS]] officer (Guest appearance)<ref name="hindutamil" />
}}


== Production ==
== Production ==
''Ini Oru Sudhanthiram'', directed by Manivannan,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Subha J. |date=11 May 2013 |title=Fifty and counting |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/fifty-and-counting/article4706162.ece |access-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191107073619/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/fifty-and-counting/article4706162.ece |archive-date=7 November 2019}}</ref> was produced by Thirupur N. Venkatachalam under Kalaikovil.<ref name="mossymart" /> It was Sivakumar's 154th film as an actor.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 May 2021 |title=நெஞ்சை நெகிழ வைத்த சிவாஜியின் சந்திப்பு |language=Tamil |work=[[Maalai Malar]] |url=https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinehistory/2021/05/30021701/2685994/cinima-history-sivaji.vpf |url-status=live |access-date=7 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607043454/https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinehistory/2021/05/30021701/2685994/cinima-history-sivaji.vpf |archive-date=7 June 2021}}</ref> [[Raja (Tamil actor)|Raja]] played a character with negative shades, in contrast to the "soft" roles he was known for at the time.<ref>{{Cite news |last=S |first=Srivatsan |date=6 November 2019 |title=From 'Kadalora Kavithaigal' to 'Adithya Varma': Tamil cinema's quintessential 'soft-spoken hero' Raja returns after a 20-year exile |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-raja-profilefrom-kadalora-kavithaigal-to-adithya-varma-tamil-cinemas-quintessential-soft-spoken-hero-raja-returns-after-a-20-year-exile/article29900048.ece |access-date=12 November 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191107062826/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-raja-profile/article29900048.ece |archive-date=7 November 2019}}</ref>
''Ini Oru Sudhanthiram'', directed by Manivannan,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Subha J. |date=11 May 2013 |title=Fifty and counting |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/fifty-and-counting/article4706162.ece |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191107073619/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/fifty-and-counting/article4706162.ece |archive-date=7 November 2019 |access-date=13 November 2019 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> was Sivakumar's 154th film as an actor.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 May 2021 |title=நெஞ்சை நெகிழ வைத்த சிவாஜியின் சந்திப்பு |url=https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinehistory/2021/05/30021701/2685994/cinima-history-sivaji.vpf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607043454/https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinehistory/2021/05/30021701/2685994/cinima-history-sivaji.vpf |archive-date=7 June 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021 |work=[[Maalai Malar]] |language=Tamil}}</ref> Raja played a character with negative shades, in contrast to the softer roles he was known for at the time.<ref>{{Cite news |last=S |first=Srivatsan |date=6 November 2019 |title=From 'Kadalora Kavithaigal' to 'Adithya Varma': Tamil cinema's quintessential 'soft-spoken hero' Raja returns after a 20-year exile |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-raja-profilefrom-kadalora-kavithaigal-to-adithya-varma-tamil-cinemas-quintessential-soft-spoken-hero-raja-returns-after-a-20-year-exile/article29900048.ece |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191107062826/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-raja-profile/article29900048.ece |archive-date=7 November 2019 |access-date=12 November 2019 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=சரோஜினி |date=24 January 2018 |title=கடலோரக் கவிதைகள் 'ராஜா' எங்கே போனார்?! |url=https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/special/2018/jan/24/kadalora-kavidhaigal-raja-2850526.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105074146/https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/special/2018/jan/24/kadalora-kavidhaigal-raja-2850526.html |archive-date=5 January 2023 |access-date=5 January 2023 |website=[[Dinamani]] |language=ta}}</ref> The film was launched at office premises of Kalaikovil.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP372-6-23-10-311|work=Anna|language=ta|access-date=14 July 2025|via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]|page=3|date=21 September 1986|title=மணிவண்ணன் படத்தில் பாரதியார் பாடல் }}</ref> It was also launched at Prasad Studios with minister Arumainayagam's wife Tamilselvi lighting the lamp.<ref>{{cite news|title=இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம்|work=Anna|language=ta|access-date=15 July 2025|url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP372-6-23-10-324|date=5 October 1986|page=4|via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]}}</ref> The filming was held at [[Coonoor]] and [[Ooty]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 October 1986 |title=சுதந்திர போராட்ட தியாகியாக சிவக்குமார் |url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP372-6-23-11-9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250508012321/https://images.eap.bl.uk/EAP372/EAP372_6_23_11_9/4.jp2/full/1000%2C1378/0/default.jpg |archive-date=8 May 2025 |access-date=8 May 2025 |work=Anna |pages=4 |language=ta |via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]}}</ref>


== Soundtrack ==
== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[Gangai Amaran]], who also wrote the lyrics. His sons [[Venkat Prabhu]] and [[Premgi Amaren]] contributed as singers, using the names "Prabhu Gangai Amaran" and "Prem Gangai Amaran", respectively.<ref name="mossymart" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Menon |first=Vishal |last2=M |first2=Ramakrishnan |date=10 December 2016 |title=Brand of brothers |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Brand-of-brothers/article16789293.ece |url-status=live |access-date=7 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215032003/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Brand-of-brothers/article16789293.ece |archive-date=15 December 2016}}</ref>
The soundtrack was composed by [[Gangai Amaran]], who also wrote the lyrics. His sons [[Venkat Prabhu]] and [[Premgi Amaren]] contributed as singers, using the names "Prabhu Gangai Amaran" and "Prem Gangai Amaran", respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ini Oru Sudhanthiram 1986 Tamil Vinyl LP |url=https://www.bollywoodvinyl.in/products/ini-oru-sudhanthiram-1986-tamil-vinyl-l-p |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107072946/https://www.bollywoodvinyl.in/products/ini-oru-sudhanthiram-1986-tamil-vinyl-l-p |archive-date=7 November 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 |website=Bollywoodvinyl.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Menon |first=Vishal |last2=M |first2=Ramakrishnan |date=10 December 2016 |title=Brand of brothers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Brand-of-brothers/article16789293.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215032003/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Brand-of-brothers/article16789293.ece |archive-date=15 December 2016 |access-date=7 November 2019 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>


{{Track listing
{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Pallikoodam
| title1 = Pallikoodam
| writer1 =
| music1 =
| extra1 = [[Venkat Prabhu|Prabhu Gangai Amaran]], [[Premgi Amaren|Prem Gangai Amaran]]
| extra1 = [[Venkat Prabhu|Prabhu Gangai Amaran]], [[Premgi Amaren|Prem Gangai Amaran]]
| length1 =  
| length1 =  
| lyrics1 = [[Gangai Amaran]]
| title2 = Enru Thaniyum
| title2 = Enru Thaniyum
| note2 =
| writer2 =
| lyrics2 =
| music2 =
| extra2 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]
| extra2 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]
| length2 =  
| length2 =  
| lyrics2 = Bharathiyar
| title3 = Solla Vallayo
| title3 = Solla Vallayo
| note3 =
| extra3 = [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
| writer3 =
| lyrics3 =
| music3 =
| extra3 = [[S. P. Sailaja]]
| length3 =  
| length3 =  
| lyrics3 = Bharathiyar
| title4 = Kaigalile Valuvirukku
| title4 = Kaigalile Valuvirukku
| note4 =
| extra4 = [[Malaysia Vasudevan]], K. S. Chithra
| writer4 =
| lyrics4 =
| music4 =
| extra4 = [[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
| length4 =  
| length4 =  
| lyrics4 = Jeeva Bharathi
| title5 = Mogathai Konruvidu
| title5 = Mogathai Konruvidu
| note5 =
| writer5 =
| lyrics5 =
| music5 =
| extra5 = K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra
| extra5 = K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra
| length5 =  
| length5 =  
| lyrics5 = Bharathiyar
| title6 = Partha Pasikuthadi
| title6 = Partha Pasikuthadi
| note6 =
| writer6 =
| lyrics6 =
| music6 =
| extra6 = [[P. Jayachandran]], [[S. Janaki]]
| extra6 = [[P. Jayachandran]], [[S. Janaki]]
| length6 =  
| length6 =  
| lyrics6 = Gangai Amaran
| title7 = Sonthangale
| title7 = Sonthangale
| note7 =
| writer7 =
| lyrics7 =
| music7 =
| extra7 = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| extra7 = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| length7 =  
| length7 =  
| lyrics7 = Gangai Amaran
| title8 = Pattini
| title8 = Pattini
| note8 =
| extra8 = Malaysia Vasudevan
| extra8 = Malaysia Vasudevan
| length8 =  
| length8 =  
| lyrics8 = Nagai Swaminathan
}}
}}
== Critical reception ==
[[Subha (writers)|Jayamanmadhan]] (a duo) of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' praised Sivakumar's acting, Chandrasekhar-Nalini's subplot, Vinu Chakravarthy's acting and characterisation. They appreciated Manivannan for skillfully having woven so many characters into separate threads and performed the puppet show without any problems while also praising his hard hitting dialogues but questioned him for making Sathyamurthy's character remain silent to the problems but raging only after he faces a problem.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=ஜெயமன்மதன் |author-link=Subha (writers) |date=1987-06-28 |title=இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம் |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1987-06-28/page/n14/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230523050836/https://archive.org/details/kalki1987-06-28/page/n13/mode/2up |archive-date=23 May 2023 |access-date=5 January 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=13 |language=ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<references>
<ref name="protamil">{{Cite web |title=இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம் - 1987 வருடம் தமிழ்த் திரைப்படங்கள் |url=http://www.protamil.com/arts/tamil-films/1987/ini-oru-sudhanthiram-ta.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191107110417/http://www.protamil.com/arts/tamil-films/1987/ini-oru-sudhanthiram-ta.html |archive-date=7 November 2019 |access-date=12 November 2019 |website=Protamil}}</ref>
 
<ref name="mossymart">{{Cite web |title=Ini Oru Sudanthiram Tamil Film LP Vinyl Record by Gangai Amaren |url=https://mossymart.com/product/ini-oru-sudanthiram-tamil-film-lp-vinyl-record-by-gangai-amaren/ |access-date=12 July 2021 |website=Mossymart}}</ref>
<ref name="hindutamil">{{Cite news |date=9 July 2021 |title=திரைப்படச்சோலை 47: இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம் |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/blogs/691126-thiraippada-solai.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809045523/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/blogs/691126-thiraippada-solai.html |archive-date=9 August 2022 |access-date=12 July 2021 |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref>
}}
 
</references>


== External links ==
== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|id=8723066}}
*{{IMDb title}}
*{{Rotten Tomatoes}}


{{Manivannan}}
{{Manivannan}}


[[Category:1980s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1987 Indian films]]
[[Category:1980s political drama films]]
[[Category:1987 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1987 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Manivannan]]
[[Category:Films directed by Manivannan]]
[[Category:Films scored by Gangai Amaran]]
[[Category:Films scored by Gangai Amaran]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Indian films about revenge]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian political drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language political drama films]]

Latest revision as of 10:38, 3 March 2026

Ini Oru Sudhanthiram
Poster
Directed byManivannan
Produced byThirupur N. Venkatachalam
Written byManivannan
StarringSivakumar
Music byGangai Amaran
CinematographyA. Sabapathy
Edited byGowthaman
Production
company
Kalaikovil
Release date
  • 12 June 1987 (1987-06-12)
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Ini Oru Sudhanthiram (transl. Freedom Now) is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language political drama film written and directed by Manivannan. The film, starring Sivakumar, was released on 12 June 1987,[1] and failed at the box office.[2]

Plot[edit | edit source]

Sundaramoorthy is an Indian liberal leader. He tries to obtain his pension money, but all his attempts are futile. His daughter Kannamma gets cheated by a collector and she gives birth to a baby but the collector avoids that baby. The collector is killed by Sundaramoorthy, who is sentenced to death. How the lives of such a leader and his family changes due to circumstances, forms the crux of the story.

Cast[edit | edit source]

Production[edit | edit source]

Ini Oru Sudhanthiram, directed by Manivannan,[4] was Sivakumar's 154th film as an actor.[5] Raja played a character with negative shades, in contrast to the softer roles he was known for at the time.[6][7] The film was launched at office premises of Kalaikovil.[8] It was also launched at Prasad Studios with minister Arumainayagam's wife Tamilselvi lighting the lamp.[9] The filming was held at Coonoor and Ooty.[10]

Soundtrack[edit | edit source]

The soundtrack was composed by Gangai Amaran, who also wrote the lyrics. His sons Venkat Prabhu and Premgi Amaren contributed as singers, using the names "Prabhu Gangai Amaran" and "Prem Gangai Amaran", respectively.[11][12]

Track listing
No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."Pallikoodam"Gangai AmaranPrabhu Gangai Amaran, Prem Gangai Amaran 
2."Enru Thaniyum"BharathiyarK. J. Yesudas 
3."Solla Vallayo"BharathiyarS. P. Sailaja, K. S. Chithra 
4."Kaigalile Valuvirukku"Jeeva BharathiMalaysia Vasudevan, K. S. Chithra 
5."Mogathai Konruvidu"BharathiyarK. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra 
6."Partha Pasikuthadi"Gangai AmaranP. Jayachandran, S. Janaki 
7."Sonthangale"Gangai AmaranM. S. Viswanathan 
8."Pattini"Nagai SwaminathanMalaysia Vasudevan 

Critical reception[edit | edit source]

Jayamanmadhan (a duo) of Kalki praised Sivakumar's acting, Chandrasekhar-Nalini's subplot, Vinu Chakravarthy's acting and characterisation. They appreciated Manivannan for skillfully having woven so many characters into separate threads and performed the puppet show without any problems while also praising his hard hitting dialogues but questioned him for making Sathyamurthy's character remain silent to the problems but raging only after he faces a problem.[13]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Ini Oru Sudhanthiram (1987)". Screen 4 Screen. Archived from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  2. ↑ "நட்சத்திரங்களுடன் ஒரு வண்ணத்துப்பூச்சி: 32- இயக்குநர் ராசி அழகப்பன் எழுதும் தொடர்". Andhimazhai (in தமிழ்). 24 February 2020. Archived from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "திரைப்படச்சோலை 47: இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம்". Hindu Tamil Thisai (in தமிழ்). 9 July 2021. Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 12 July 2021.
  4. ↑ Rao, Subha J. (11 May 2013). "Fifty and counting". The Hindu. Retrieved 13 November 2019.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  5. ↑ "நெஞ்சை நெகிழ வைத்த சிவாஜியின் சந்திப்பு". Maalai Malar (in Tamil). 30 May 2021. Archived from the original on 7 June 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2021.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  6. ↑ S, Srivatsan (6 November 2019). "From 'Kadalora Kavithaigal' to 'Adithya Varma': Tamil cinema's quintessential 'soft-spoken hero' Raja returns after a 20-year exile". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 November 2019.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  7. ↑ சரோஜினி (24 January 2018). "கடலோரக் கவிதைகள் 'ராஜா' எங்கே போனார்?!". Dinamani (in தமிழ்). Archived from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  8. ↑ "மணிவண்ணன் படத்தில் பாரதியார் பாடல்". Anna (in தமிழ்). 21 September 1986. p. 3. Retrieved 14 July 2025 – via Endangered Archives Programme.
  9. ↑ "இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம்". Anna (in தமிழ்). 5 October 1986. p. 4. Retrieved 15 July 2025 – via Endangered Archives Programme.
  10. ↑ "சுதந்திர போராட்ட தியாகியாக சிவக்குமார்". Anna (in தமிழ்). 26 October 1986. p. 4. Archived from the original on 8 May 2025. Retrieved 8 May 2025 – via Endangered Archives Programme.
  11. ↑ "Ini Oru Sudhanthiram 1986 Tamil Vinyl LP". Bollywoodvinyl.in. Archived from the original on 7 November 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2021.
  12. ↑ Menon, Vishal; M, Ramakrishnan (10 December 2016). "Brand of brothers". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 15 December 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
  13. ↑ ஜெயமன்மதன் (28 June 1987). "இனி ஒரு சுதந்திரம்". Kalki (in தமிழ்). p. 13. Retrieved 5 January 2023 – via Internet Archive.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

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