Indian rupee: Difference between revisions

The immediate precursor of the rupee is the ''rūpiya''—the silver coin weighing 178 [[Grain (mass)|grains]] minted in northern India, first by [[Sher Shah Suri]] during his brief rule between 1540 and 1545, and later adopted and standardized by the [[Mughal Empire]]. The weight remained unchanged well beyond the end of the Mughals until the 20th century.<ref name="mogul">{{cite web |title=Mogul Coinage |url=https://www.rbi.org.in/currency/museum/c-mogul.html|website=[[RBI Monetary Museum]] |publisher=[[Reserve Bank of India]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021005231609/http://www.rbi.org.in/currency/museum/c-mogul.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 October 2002 |quote=Sher Shah issued a coin of silver which was termed the Rupiya. This weighed 178 grains and was the precursor of the modern rupee. It remained largely unchanged till the early 20th Century }}</ref> Though [[Pāṇini]] mentions {{transliteration|sa|ISO|rūpya}} ({{lang|sa|रूप्य}}), it is unclear whether he was referring to coinage.<ref>{{citation |first=Shankar |last=Goyal |title=The Origin and Antiquity of Coinage in India |journal=Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute |publisher=[[Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute]] |volume=80 |number=1/4 |year=1999 |jstor=41694581 |page=144|quote=[[Panini (grammarian)|Panini]] makes the statement (V.2.120) that a 'form' (''rüpa'') when 'stamped' (''ahata'') or when praise-worthy (prašamsa) takes the ending ''ya'' (i.e. ''rupya''). ... Whether Panini was familiar with coins or not, his ''[[Astadhyayi]]'' does not specifically state.}}</ref> ''[[Arthashastra]]'', written by Chanakya, prime minister to the first [[Maurya Empire|Maurya emperor]] [[Chandragupta Maurya]] ({{circa|340–290 BCE}}), mentions silver coins as {{transliteration|sa|ISO|rūpyarūpa}}. Other types of coins, including gold coins ({{transliteration|sa|ISO|suvarṇarūpa}}), copper coins ({{transliteration|sa|ISO|tāmrarūpa}}), and lead coins ({{transliteration|sa|ISO|sīsarūpa}}), are also mentioned.<ref>{{citation |title=Arthashastra Of Chanakya |url=https://archive.org/details/arthashastraofchanakyaenglishrshamasastry/page/n11/mode/2up |pages=115, 119, 125 |author=R Shamasastry |year=1915 |access-date=15 April 2021 }}</ref>