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{{Short description|Gujarati Poet}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}} | {{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}} | ||
'''Shamal Bhatt''' | '''Shamal Bhatt''' was a [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] narrative poet of the medieval [[Gujarati literature]]. He is known for his "padya-vaarta" (narrative poetry).<ref name="Lal1992">{{cite book|author=Mohan Lal|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: sasay to zorgot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA3967|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|page=3967}}</ref> | ||
==Life== | ==Life== | ||
The dates of his birth | The dates of his birth differ according to sources. He was born either in 1694 or in 1766. His father's name was Vireshwar and mother's name was Anandibai. Nana Bhatt was his teacher. He was born in Veganpur (Now Gomtipur in [[Ahmedabad]]). He had difficulty in earning due to competition of traditional story-teller ''Purani''s and Bhavaiyas who performed [[Bhavai]]. Thus he has drawn stories from his predecessors and reinterpreted them in popular form to captivate his audience. He later moved to Sinhuj (near [[Mahemdavad]] now) on request and help of Rakhidas, a landlord. He died either in 1769 or in 1765.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name="Schouten2008">{{cite book|author=Jan Peter Schouten|title=Jesus as Guru: The Image of Christ Among Hindus and Christians in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pIoKdTH7KPsC&pg=PA134|year=2008|publisher=Rodopi|isbn=978-90-420-2443-4|page=134}}</ref><ref name=ngs>{{cite news|url=http://m.navgujaratsamay.com/celebrating-gujarat/art-culture/first-gujarat-story-writer-shamal-was-from-ahmedabads-gomtipur-area/articleshow/31290076.cms|work=Navgujarat Samay|date=2 March 2014|title=પહેલો ગુજરાતી વાર્તાકાર શામળ ગોમતીપુરનો રહેવાસી હતો (English: The first Gujarati story teller Samal was from Gomtipur)|accessdate=29 August 2014|language=Gujarati|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035734/http://m.navgujaratsamay.com/celebrating-gujarat/art-culture/first-gujarat-story-writer-shamal-was-from-ahmedabads-gomtipur-area/articleshow/31290076.cms|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
==Works== | ==Works== | ||
Shamal has composed 26 works. His narrative poetry was based on many Sanskrit works of his predecessors and folk tales. He adapted them in narrative poetry and added his imagination. Some of those Sanskrit works are ''Simhasana Dvatrinshika'', ''Vetalpanchvinshanti'', ''Shukasaptati'', ''Bhojaprabandha''. His prominent works are ''Simhasana Battisi'', ''Vetal Pachchisi'', ''Suda Bahoteri''. | Shamal has composed 26 works. His narrative poetry was based on many Sanskrit works of his predecessors and folk tales. He adapted them in narrative poetry and added his imagination. Some of those Sanskrit works are ''Simhasana Dvatrinshika'', ''Vetalpanchvinshanti'', ''Shukasaptati'', ''Bhojaprabandha''. His prominent works are ''Simhasana Battisi'', ''Vetal Pachchisi'', ''Suda Bahoteri''. All three of these works had format of tales within tales. They have many magical and imaginative things like transportation of souls, flying shoes and speaking animals. Vikram was the lead character in them. They also contained riddles and [[aphorism]]s. His other works include ''Nand-Batrisi'', ''Shukadevakhyan'', ''Rakhidas Charitra'', ''Vanechar ni Varta'', ''Panch-danda'', ''Bhadra-Bhamini'', ''Rewa-Khand'', ''Chandra-Chandraawati'', ''Madan-Mohana'', ''Padmavati'', ''Baras Kasturi''. Chhappas (six stanza epigrams) are incorporated in these tales which describe wisdom and wit.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=ngs/><ref name="Maniar1969">{{cite book|author=Umedbhai M. Maniar|title=The Influence of English on Gujarati Poetry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HG_RAAAAMAAJ|year=1969|publisher=Faculty of Arts, M. S. University of Baroda|pages=26–27}}</ref> | ||
''Angada-vishti'', ''Ravana-Mandodari Samvad'', ''Draupadi-Vastraharan'', ''Shivpuran'' are [[akhyana]]s based on [[Hindu mythology]] and epics. Other works are ''Patai Raval no Garbo'', ''Ranchhodji na Shloko'', ''Bodana-akhyan'', ''Udyam-Karma-Samvad''.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=ngs/><ref name="Maniar1969"/> | ''Angada-vishti'', ''Ravana-Mandodari Samvad'', ''Draupadi-Vastraharan'', ''Shivpuran'' are [[akhyana]]s based on [[Hindu mythology]] and epics. Other works are ''Patai Raval no Garbo'', ''Ranchhodji na Shloko'', ''Bodana-akhyan'', ''Udyam-Karma-Samvad''.<ref name="Lal1992"/><ref name=ngs/><ref name="Maniar1969"/> | ||
One of his poems inspired [[Mahatma Gandhi]] the philosophy of [[satyagraha]], the resistance to authority through mass civil disobedience.<ref name="Schouten2008"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Mahatma Gandhi|last=Ghose|first=Sankar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cS5U7JkYXN8C&pg=PA72|date=January 1991|isbn=9788170232056}}</ref><ref name="Gandhi2007">{{cite book|author=Rajmohan Gandhi|title=Mohandas: True Story of a Man, His People|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FDI8LkGsIAC&pg=PT22|date=9 October 2007|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-317-2|pages=22–}}</ref> | One of his poems inspired [[Mahatma Gandhi]] to adopt the philosophy of [[satyagraha]], the resistance to authority through mass civil disobedience.<ref name="Schouten2008"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Mahatma Gandhi|last=Ghose|first=Sankar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cS5U7JkYXN8C&pg=PA72|date=January 1991|publisher=Allied Publishers |isbn=9788170232056}}</ref><ref name="Gandhi2007">{{cite book|author=Rajmohan Gandhi|title=Mohandas: True Story of a Man, His People|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FDI8LkGsIAC&pg=PT22|date=9 October 2007|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-317-2|pages=22–}}</ref> | ||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:37, 27 November 2024
Shamal Bhatt was a Gujarati narrative poet of the medieval Gujarati literature. He is known for his "padya-vaarta" (narrative poetry).[1]
Life[edit | edit source]
The dates of his birth differ according to sources. He was born either in 1694 or in 1766. His father's name was Vireshwar and mother's name was Anandibai. Nana Bhatt was his teacher. He was born in Veganpur (Now Gomtipur in Ahmedabad). He had difficulty in earning due to competition of traditional story-teller Puranis and Bhavaiyas who performed Bhavai. Thus he has drawn stories from his predecessors and reinterpreted them in popular form to captivate his audience. He later moved to Sinhuj (near Mahemdavad now) on request and help of Rakhidas, a landlord. He died either in 1769 or in 1765.[1][2][3]
Works[edit | edit source]
Shamal has composed 26 works. His narrative poetry was based on many Sanskrit works of his predecessors and folk tales. He adapted them in narrative poetry and added his imagination. Some of those Sanskrit works are Simhasana Dvatrinshika, Vetalpanchvinshanti, Shukasaptati, Bhojaprabandha. His prominent works are Simhasana Battisi, Vetal Pachchisi, Suda Bahoteri. All three of these works had format of tales within tales. They have many magical and imaginative things like transportation of souls, flying shoes and speaking animals. Vikram was the lead character in them. They also contained riddles and aphorisms. His other works include Nand-Batrisi, Shukadevakhyan, Rakhidas Charitra, Vanechar ni Varta, Panch-danda, Bhadra-Bhamini, Rewa-Khand, Chandra-Chandraawati, Madan-Mohana, Padmavati, Baras Kasturi. Chhappas (six stanza epigrams) are incorporated in these tales which describe wisdom and wit.[1][3][4]
Angada-vishti, Ravana-Mandodari Samvad, Draupadi-Vastraharan, Shivpuran are akhyanas based on Hindu mythology and epics. Other works are Patai Raval no Garbo, Ranchhodji na Shloko, Bodana-akhyan, Udyam-Karma-Samvad.[1][3][4]
One of his poems inspired Mahatma Gandhi to adopt the philosophy of satyagraha, the resistance to authority through mass civil disobedience.[2][5][6]
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- Trivedi, Navalram Jagannatha (1948). Shamalnu Vartasahitya. Ahmedabad: Gujarat Vidhya Sabha. OCLC 7247331.
- Parikh, Dhiru (1990). Shamal. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. OCLC 24012510.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Mohan Lal (1992). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: sasay to zorgot. Sahitya Akademi. p. 3967. ISBN 978-81-260-1221-3.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Jan Peter Schouten (2008). Jesus as Guru: The Image of Christ Among Hindus and Christians in India. Rodopi. p. 134. ISBN 978-90-420-2443-4.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "પહેલો ગુજરાતી વાર્તાકાર શામળ ગોમતીપુરનો રહેવાસી હતો (English: The first Gujarati story teller Samal was from Gomtipur)". Navgujarat Samay (in Gujarati). 2 March 2014. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Umedbhai M. Maniar (1969). The Influence of English on Gujarati Poetry. Faculty of Arts, M. S. University of Baroda. pp. 26–27.
- ↑ Ghose, Sankar (January 1991). Mahatma Gandhi. Allied Publishers. ISBN 9788170232056.
- ↑ Rajmohan Gandhi (9 October 2007). Mohandas: True Story of a Man, His People. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 22–. ISBN 978-81-8475-317-2.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Shamal Bhatt on GujLit