No edit summary |
expanded section additionally and added references for clarity |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{ | {{Short description|Indian revolutionary (1911–1931)}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}} | {{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}} | ||
{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| name = Dinesh | | name = Dinesh Gupta | ||
| image = | | image = Freedom fighter Dinesh Gupta.tif | ||
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1911|12|06|df=yes}} | | birth_date = {{Birth date|1911|12|06|df=yes}} | ||
| birth_place = | | birth_place = [[Munshiganj|Bikrampur]], [[Eastern Bengal and Assam]], [[British Raj|British India]] | ||
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1931|07|07|1911|12|06|df=yes}} | | death_date = {{Death date and age|1931|07|07|1911|12|06|df=yes}} | ||
| death_place = [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] | | death_place = [[Alipore Jail]], [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British Raj|British India]] | ||
| death_cause = Execution by hanging | | death_cause = Execution by hanging | ||
| other_names = | | other_names = | ||
| alma_mater = [[Dhaka College]] | | alma_mater = [[Dhaka College]] | ||
| occupation = | | occupation = | ||
| known_for = [[Writers' Building]] attack | | known_for = [[Writers' Building]] attack | ||
| mother = | | mother =Binodini Devi | ||
| father = | | father =Satish Chandra Gupta | ||
| relatives = | | relatives = | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Benoy Badal Dinesh}} | {{Benoy Badal Dinesh}} | ||
'''Dinesh Chandra Gupta''' ({{ | '''Dinesh Chandra Gupta''' ({{langx|bn|দীনেশচন্দ্র গুপ্ত}} ''Dinesh Chôndro Gupto'') or '''Dinesh Gupta''' (6 December 1911 – 7 July 1931) was an Indian revolutionary against [[British Raj|British rule in India]], who is noted for launching an attack on the Secretariat Building - the [[Writers' Building]] in the [[B.B.D. Bagh|Dalhousie square]] in [[Calcutta]], along with [[Badal Gupta]] and [[Benoy Basu]]. | ||
[[Rabindrasangeet]] exponent and trainer Maya Sen (maiden name Gupta) was his niece. Even he suggested his sister-in-law Ashalata Gupta to let Maya learn Rabindrasangeet. His nephew and Maya's brother, Tapan Gupta, was a doctor and established 'the Tagoreans' in London. Mr. Gupta's daughter is an MBE, [[Tanika Gupta]], a playwright and regularly works for BBC and the stage in England.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} | |||
==Early activities== | ==Early activities== | ||
Dinesh Gupta was born on 6 December 1911 in Josholong in [[Munshiganj District]], now in [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="bp">{{cite book |last=Mohanta |first=Sambaru Chandra |year=2012 |chapter=Gupta, Dinesh Chandra |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Gupta,_Dinesh_Chandra |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> While he was studying in [[Dhaka College]], Dinesh joined [[Bengal Volunteers]] - a group | Dinesh Gupta was born on 6 December 1911 in Josholong in [[Munshiganj District]], now in [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="bp">{{cite book |last=Mohanta |first=Sambaru Chandra |year=2012 |chapter=Gupta, Dinesh Chandra |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Gupta,_Dinesh_Chandra |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> While he was studying in [[Dhaka College]], Dinesh joined [[Bengal Volunteers]] - a group organized by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] in 1928, on the occasion of the Calcutta session of the [[Indian National Congress]]. Soon, the Bengal Volunteers transformed itself to a more active revolutionary association and planned to assassinate certain [[Indian Imperial Police]] officers. For a short while, Dinesh Gupta was in [[Midnapore]] training local revolutionaries in the use of firearms. Revolutionaries trained by him were responsible for the assassination of three District Magistrates in succession, Douglas, Burge, and Peddy. | ||
==The battle of Writers' Building== | ==The battle of Writers' Building== | ||
The association targeted Lt Col NS Simpson, the Inspector General of Prisons, who was infamous for | The association targeted Lt Col NS Simpson, the Inspector General of Prisons, who was infamous for his mistreatment of the prisoners in the jails.{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}} The revolutionaries decided not only to murder him, but also to strike terror in British colonial circles by launching an attack on the Secretariat Building - the [[Writers' Building]] in the [[Dalhousie Square]] in [[Kolkata]]. | ||
On 8 December 1930, Dinesh, along with [[Benoy Basu]] and [[Badal Gupta]], dressed in European costume, entered the Writers' Building and shot dead Simpson. Nearby police started firing at them in response. What ensued was a brief gunfight between the three young revolutionaries and the police. Some other officers like Twynam, Prentice, and Nelson suffered injuries during the shooting. | On 8 December 1930, Dinesh, along with [[Benoy Basu]] and [[Badal Gupta]], dressed in European costume, entered the Writers' Building and shot dead Simpson. Nearby police started firing at them in response. What ensued was a brief gunfight between the three young revolutionaries and the police. Some other officers, like Twynam, Prentice, and Nelson, suffered injuries during the shooting. | ||
Soon police overpowered them. However, the three did not wish to be arrested. [[Badal Gupta]] took Potassium cyanide, while Benoy and Dinesh shot themselves with their own revolvers. Benoy was taken to the hospital where he died on 13 December 1930. | Soon, police overpowered them. However, the three did not wish to be arrested. [[Badal Gupta]] took Potassium cyanide, while Benoy and Dinesh shot themselves with their own revolvers. Benoy was taken to the hospital, where he died on 13 December 1930. | ||
==The trial and hanging== | ==The trial and hanging== | ||
However, Dinesh survived the near-fatal injury. He was convicted and sentenced to death. | However, Dinesh survived the near-fatal injury. He was convicted and sentenced to death. | ||
While in [[Alipore Jail]], he wrote letters to his sister | While in [[Alipore Jail]], he wrote letters to his sister. He was hanged on 7 July 1931 at Alipore Jail. Soon after that, [[Kanailal Bhattacharjee]] took revenge for the hanging by killing Judge Ralph Reynolds Garlick (the judge of the Dinesh Gupta case) on 27 July 1931.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Shahid Dinesh (Bengali) |last=Prithwish C. Gupta |publisher=Shrayan |year=2016 |isbn=978-81-926712-6-0 |location=Kolkata |pages=81}}</ref> | ||
== Writings == | == Writings == | ||
Dinesh Gupta translated a short story | Dinesh Gupta translated a short story by [[Anton Chekhov]], which was published in ''[[Prabasi]]'' Magazine. He also wrote 92 letters from the condemned cell of the Alipore Central Jail. A few to his sister in law ({{lang|bn-Latn|boudi}}) Ashalata Gupta.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1080615/jsp/frontpage/story_9414008.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619025659/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080615/jsp/frontpage/story_9414008.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 June 2008 |title=Hanged Bengali icon's great-niece bags MBE |first=Amit |last=Roy |date=15 June 2008 |work=The Telegraph |location=India |access-date=2 August 2017}}</ref> | ||
==Significance== | ==Significance== | ||
Benoy, Badal, and Dinesh were treated as martyrs by supporters in Bengal and other parts of India. After [[Partition of India|independence]], Dalhousie Square was named [[B. B. D. Bagh]] - after the Benoy-Badal-Dinesh trio. In memory of their writers' attack, a plate was engraved in the wall of Writers' Building, first floor. | Benoy, Badal, and Dinesh were treated as martyrs by supporters in Bengal and other parts of India. After [[Partition of India|independence]], Dalhousie Square was named [[B. B. D. Bagh]] - after the Benoy-Badal-Dinesh trio. In memory of their writers' attack, a plate was engraved in the wall of the Writers' Building, first floor. | ||
[[File: | [[File:Memory of martyrdom.jpg|thumb|Memory of martyrdom]] | ||
==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
| Line 56: | Line 54: | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
== External links == | |||
* https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Gupta,_Dinesh_Chandra | |||
{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
| Line 62: | Line 64: | ||
[[Category:1931 deaths]] | [[Category:1931 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Revolutionaries of Bengal during British Rule]] | [[Category:Revolutionaries of Bengal during British Rule]] | ||
[[Category:Anti-British establishment revolutionaries from East Bengal]] | [[Category:Anti-British establishment revolutionaries from East Bengal]] | ||
[[Category:People from Munshiganj District]] | [[Category:People from Munshiganj District]] | ||
[[Category:Indian | [[Category:Executed Indian revolutionaries]] | ||
[[Category:People from Kolkata]] | [[Category:People from Kolkata]] | ||
[[Category:20th-century executions by British India]] | |||
[[Category:20th-century executions by | |||
[[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | [[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | ||
Latest revision as of 03:43, 21 December 2025
Dinesh Gupta | |
|---|---|
| File:Freedom fighter Dinesh Gupta.tif | |
| Born | 6 December 1911 |
| Died | 7 July 1931 (aged 19) |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Alma mater | Dhaka College |
| Known for | Writers' Building attack |
| Parents |
|
Dinesh Chandra Gupta (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist. Dinesh Chôndro Gupto) or Dinesh Gupta (6 December 1911 – 7 July 1931) was an Indian revolutionary against British rule in India, who is noted for launching an attack on the Secretariat Building - the Writers' Building in the Dalhousie square in Calcutta, along with Badal Gupta and Benoy Basu.
Rabindrasangeet exponent and trainer Maya Sen (maiden name Gupta) was his niece. Even he suggested his sister-in-law Ashalata Gupta to let Maya learn Rabindrasangeet. His nephew and Maya's brother, Tapan Gupta, was a doctor and established 'the Tagoreans' in London. Mr. Gupta's daughter is an MBE, Tanika Gupta, a playwright and regularly works for BBC and the stage in England.[citation needed]
Early activities[edit | edit source]
Dinesh Gupta was born on 6 December 1911 in Josholong in Munshiganj District, now in Bangladesh.[1] While he was studying in Dhaka College, Dinesh joined Bengal Volunteers - a group organized by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1928, on the occasion of the Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress. Soon, the Bengal Volunteers transformed itself to a more active revolutionary association and planned to assassinate certain Indian Imperial Police officers. For a short while, Dinesh Gupta was in Midnapore training local revolutionaries in the use of firearms. Revolutionaries trained by him were responsible for the assassination of three District Magistrates in succession, Douglas, Burge, and Peddy.
The battle of Writers' Building[edit | edit source]
The association targeted Lt Col NS Simpson, the Inspector General of Prisons, who was infamous for his mistreatment of the prisoners in the jails.[citation needed] The revolutionaries decided not only to murder him, but also to strike terror in British colonial circles by launching an attack on the Secretariat Building - the Writers' Building in the Dalhousie Square in Kolkata.
On 8 December 1930, Dinesh, along with Benoy Basu and Badal Gupta, dressed in European costume, entered the Writers' Building and shot dead Simpson. Nearby police started firing at them in response. What ensued was a brief gunfight between the three young revolutionaries and the police. Some other officers, like Twynam, Prentice, and Nelson, suffered injuries during the shooting.
Soon, police overpowered them. However, the three did not wish to be arrested. Badal Gupta took Potassium cyanide, while Benoy and Dinesh shot themselves with their own revolvers. Benoy was taken to the hospital, where he died on 13 December 1930.
The trial and hanging[edit | edit source]
However, Dinesh survived the near-fatal injury. He was convicted and sentenced to death.
While in Alipore Jail, he wrote letters to his sister. He was hanged on 7 July 1931 at Alipore Jail. Soon after that, Kanailal Bhattacharjee took revenge for the hanging by killing Judge Ralph Reynolds Garlick (the judge of the Dinesh Gupta case) on 27 July 1931.[2]
Writings[edit | edit source]
Dinesh Gupta translated a short story by Anton Chekhov, which was published in Prabasi Magazine. He also wrote 92 letters from the condemned cell of the Alipore Central Jail. A few to his sister in law (boudi) Ashalata Gupta.[2][3]
Significance[edit | edit source]
Benoy, Badal, and Dinesh were treated as martyrs by supporters in Bengal and other parts of India. After independence, Dalhousie Square was named B. B. D. Bagh - after the Benoy-Badal-Dinesh trio. In memory of their writers' attack, a plate was engraved in the wall of the Writers' Building, first floor.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Hemendranath Dasgupta, Bharater Biplab Kahini, II & III, Calcutta, 1948;
- Ramesh Chandra Majumdar, History of the Freedom Movement in India, III, Calcutta 1963;
- Ganganarayan Chandra, Abismaraniya, Calcutta, 1966.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Mohanta, Sambaru Chandra (2012). "Gupta, Dinesh Chandra". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Prithwish C. Gupta (2016). Shahid Dinesh (Bengali). Kolkata: Shrayan. p. 81. ISBN 978-81-926712-6-0.
- ↑ Roy, Amit (15 June 2008). "Hanged Bengali icon's great-niece bags MBE". The Telegraph. India. Archived from the original on 19 June 2008. Retrieved 2 August 2017.