Languages of the Indian subcontinent: Difference between revisions

Languages of the Indian subcontinent (edit)

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 {{Short description|Languages of a geographic region}}
-[[File:South Asian language Families.jpg|thumb|Map of language families in [[South Asia]].]]
 [[File:States of South Asia.png|thumb|right|400px|The names of each state in the script of the dominant language of the republic of India, parts of Islamic republic of Pakistan and the whole of Bangladesh, Maldives , Bhutan, Nepal and Sri Lanka.]]
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 [[Indian English]] is considered the international [[lingua franca]] of the Indian subcontinent.
+The influence of these languages stretches beyond the Indian subcontinent into [[East Asia|East]] and [[Southeast Asia]], collectively referred to as the Indosphere. More specifically, the grouping of Indic languages along with other languages from nearby geopolitical regions is known as '''Indian subcontinental languages'''. This classification also includes Eastern-Iranic and Nuristani languages, as well as connections to Central and Western Tibeto-Burman languages.
+The [[Iranian Plateau]], situated to the west of the [[Indian subcontinent]], is inhabited by [[Iranic languages]]. On the eastern side of the plateau, [[Pashto]] is spoken in [[Pashtunistan]] and Balochi in [[Balochistan]]. In the central region, [[Persian]] is the primary language, with different varieties such as Dari in [[Afghanistan]], [[Farsi]] in [[Iran]], and Tajik in [[Tajikistan]]. Additionally, Kafiri languages can be found in small groups at the northern junction of the plateau and the subcontinent.
+In the regions surrounding the Himalayan and Indo-Burman Ranges, the Tibeto-Burman languages from the Trans-Himalayan family and Khasi–Palaungic languages from the Austroasiatic family are prevalent, especially on the Tibetan Plateau and in Burma. Meanwhile, the Andaman Islands are home to various Andamanese languages.
+== Lingua francas or Link languages ==
+[[Sanskrit]] historically served as the common language of the ancient India. During the Islamic colonisation, [[Persian]] became the court language, significantly impacting local languages. Following the European colonial era, [[English]] emerged as a lingua franca to some extent, as the British established it as the official language. This shift particularly benefited those involved in the Indian independence movement, among others.
+In present-day contexts, English is recognised as the international lingua franca among the modern nation-states of the Indian subcontinent. Since colonial times, Indian languages have integrated considerable influences from English, with Hindi, the most widely spoken Indian language, developing a new variant known as ''Hinglish'', which is particularly prevalent in the closed urban areas.
+On a regional scale, [[Telugu]] was esteemed as a language of high culture in precolonial Southern part of the republic of India. In contemporary times, Punjabi and Bengali have become important transnational languages, linking the northwestern and eastern regions of the republic of India to [[Islamic republic of Pakistan|Pakistan]] and Bangladesh, respectively.
 == Afghanistan ==