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{{Short description|Freedom fighter}} | |||
{{pp-extended|small=yes}} | |||
{{Infobox person | |||
| honorific_prefix = [[Girasia]] of Chandangarh | |||
| name = Rooplo Shamtoji Kolhi | |||
| honorific_suffix = | |||
| image = Statue of Rooplo Kolhi.jpg | |||
| caption = Statue of Amar Shaheed Rooplo Kolhi in [[Nagarparkar]], [[Sindh]], [[Pakistan]]. | |||
| birth_name = Rupaji Gohil | |||
| birth_date = 1818<ref name="Khaskheli">{{Cite web |last=Khaskheli |first=Muhammad Abbas |date=2021-11-02 |title=Rooplo Kolhi: The Warrior Who Defied The British Empire In The Karoonjhar Mountains |url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/2021/11/03/rooplo-kolhi-the-warrior-who-defied-the-british-empire-in-the-karoonjhar-mountains/ |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=The Friday Times - Naya Daur |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| birth_place = Konbhari village, Nagarparkar, [[Sindh]], [[British India]] | |||
| death_date = 22 August 1858 | |||
| death_place = Gardharo River near [[Nagarparkar]] and [[Karoonjhar Mountains]] | |||
| death_cause = Hanged By [[British Government]] | |||
| monuments = [[Nagarparkar]], [[Sindh]], [[Pakistan]] | |||
| occupation = [[Girasia]] of Chandangarh | |||
| era = [[British Raj|British era]] | |||
| other_names = * ''Ruplo Kolhi'' | |||
* ''Rupaji Gohil'' | |||
* ''Roopajee Gohel'' | |||
| movement = | |||
| criminal_charges = * [[Murder]] | |||
* Looting & plundering | |||
| spouse = Meenawati Rooplo Kolhi | |||
| children = * [[Krishna Kohli]] (grand daughter) | |||
* Veerji Kolhi (grandson) | |||
| mother = Kesarbai Kolhi | |||
}} | |||
== | '''Rooplo Shamtoji Kolhi'''<ref name="Khaskheli">{{Cite web |last=Khaskheli |first=Muhammad Abbas |date=2021-11-02 |title=Rooplo Kolhi: The Warrior Who Defied The British Empire In The Karoonjhar Mountains |url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/2021/11/03/rooplo-kolhi-the-warrior-who-defied-the-british-empire-in-the-karoonjhar-mountains/ |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=The Friday Times - Naya Daur |language=en-US}}</ref> fought against the [[British Raj|British Rulers]] in [[Karoonjhar Mountains]] at [[Nagarparkar Tehsil|Nagarparkar]] of [[List of districts in Sindh|District]] [[Tharparkar]], [[Sindh]]. His birth name was '''Rupaji Gohil'''. The British hanged him on 22 August 1858 with his companions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-14 |title=Hindu Woman Elected To Pakistan's Senate In Historic First |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/in-a-first-hindu-dalit-woman-elected-to-paks-senate/309060 |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=www.outlookindia.com/ |language=en}}</ref> His anniversary is celebrated on August 22 every year by a faction of [[Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz]].<ref name=jung>{{cite news|title=Prisoner from the granite hills|url=http://jang.com.pk/thenews/sep2009-weekly/nos-06-09-2009/kol.htm#5|accessdate=12 June 2013|newspaper=Jung : The News on Sunday|date=1 Sep 2009}}</ref> He was the last commander of rebels hanged by the British officials.<ref>{{cite news|last=Shah|first=Zulfiqar|title=Roots of Nationalism in Sindh| url=http://archives.dawn.com/weekly/encounter/20080329/encounter4.htm|accessdate=12 June 2013|newspaper=Dawn|date=29 March 2008}}</ref> | ||
Rooplo Kolhi | |||
=== | ==History== | ||
Rooplo Kolhi was a commander of [[Koli people|Koli]] forces and he, along with two other commanders were rebelling under [[Rana (title)#As a title|Rana]] Karan Singh Sodha of [[Nagarparkar]].<ref name=jung/> Under Kolhi's leadership, more than 8,000 fighters belonging to Kolhi tribe rebelled.<ref name=jung/> The rebel army under the leadership of Rooplo had already defeated the army of Col George Tyrwhitt thrice in Karoonjhar Mountains by then. After each encounter, Tyrwhitt returned to his army base camp situated in Mirpurkhas with a worn-out cavalry. When he attacked the Parkar region of Sindh the second time, the Kolhi killed many of his British soldiers using [[Guerrilla warfare|guerilla]] war tactics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The fearless Rooplo Kolhi {{!}} Political Economy {{!}} thenews.com.pk |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/904516-the-fearless-rooplo-kolhi |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=www.thenews.com.pk |language=en}}</ref> Other commanders were killed and later Rooplo Kolhi was arrested near Pag Wool well, where his troops were fetching water.<ref name=jung/> Rooplo Kolhi was brought before [[Colonel]] [[Tyrwhitt]], who offered him a large sum of wealth with a condition that Kolhi should seek an apology and become a [[vassal]] and inform the hideout of Karan Singh and his companions, to which Kolhi opposed.<ref name=jung/> His fingers were wrapped in [[cotton]] and soaked in oil was burnt in front of locals. He sustained all the tortures bravely. He was hanged on the banks of Gardharo stream, near [[Nagarparkar Tehsil|Nagarparkar]] and [[Karoonjhar Mountains|Karunjher]] Mountains on 22 August 1858.<ref name=jung/> | |||
After the death of Kolhi, his mother Kesrbai, wife Meenawati and others migrated to [[Kunri]], which is a part of today's [[ | == Descendants == | ||
After the death of Kolhi, his mother Kesrbai, wife Meenawati and others migrated to [[Kunri Tehsil|Kunri]], which is a part of today's [[Umerkot district|Umerkot]] district and his later descendants settled at the place.<ref name=jung/> | |||
== Tribute == | |||
* In 2017, a resort under his name Rooplo Kolhi [[Resort]] was opened in [[Nagarparkar]], [[Sindh]] by the [[Sindh Tourism Development Corporation]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mansoor |first=Hasan |date=2017-08-21 |title=Tourist resort in Nagarparkar opens |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1352849 |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> | |||
* In October 2022, a book was published by [[Chief Minister of Sindh]] about Rooplo Kolhi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dharani |first=Imtiaz |date=2022-10-26 |title=Book on freedom fighter Rooplo Kolhi launched |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1716869 |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> | |||
* In schools of [[Sindh]], the history of '''Rooplo Kolhi''' is studied in Higher Education syllabus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-17 |title=Schools to open next week |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2316132/schools-to-open-next-week |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref> | |||
* The civil society organisations of Pakistan demanded that [[Karoonjhar Mountains]] be declared a world heritage site because the mountain is the identity of Shaheed Rooplo Kolhi who fought the British army and was hanged there.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title=SHC stays excavation of stone in Karoonjhar hills |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1516510 |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* | * [[List of Koli people]] | ||
* [[List of Koli states and clans]] | |||
* [[Jhalkari Bai]] | * [[Jhalkari Bai]] | ||
* [[Tanaji Malusare]] | * [[Tanaji Malusare]] | ||
| Line 20: | Line 55: | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kolhi, Rooplo}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Kolhi, Rooplo}} | ||
[[Category:Executed | [[Category:Executed Indian people]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:People from Sind Division]] | ||
[[Category:1859 deaths]] | [[Category:1859 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | [[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1818 births]] | ||
[[Category:Sindhi Hindus]] | |||
Latest revision as of 10:15, 16 February 2026
Girasia of Chandangarh Rooplo Shamtoji Kolhi | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Rupaji Gohil 1818[1] Konbhari village, Nagarparkar, Sindh, British India |
| Died | 22 August 1858 Gardharo River near Nagarparkar and Karoonjhar Mountains |
| Cause of death | Hanged By British Government |
| Monuments | Nagarparkar, Sindh, Pakistan |
| Other names |
|
| Occupation | Girasia of Chandangarh |
| Era | British era |
| Criminal charge(s) |
|
| Spouse(s) | Meenawati Rooplo Kolhi |
| Children |
|
| Parent(s) |
|
Rooplo Shamtoji Kolhi[1] fought against the British Rulers in Karoonjhar Mountains at Nagarparkar of District Tharparkar, Sindh. His birth name was Rupaji Gohil. The British hanged him on 22 August 1858 with his companions.[2] His anniversary is celebrated on August 22 every year by a faction of Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz.[3] He was the last commander of rebels hanged by the British officials.[4]
History[edit | edit source]
Rooplo Kolhi was a commander of Koli forces and he, along with two other commanders were rebelling under Rana Karan Singh Sodha of Nagarparkar.[3] Under Kolhi's leadership, more than 8,000 fighters belonging to Kolhi tribe rebelled.[3] The rebel army under the leadership of Rooplo had already defeated the army of Col George Tyrwhitt thrice in Karoonjhar Mountains by then. After each encounter, Tyrwhitt returned to his army base camp situated in Mirpurkhas with a worn-out cavalry. When he attacked the Parkar region of Sindh the second time, the Kolhi killed many of his British soldiers using guerilla war tactics.[5] Other commanders were killed and later Rooplo Kolhi was arrested near Pag Wool well, where his troops were fetching water.[3] Rooplo Kolhi was brought before Colonel Tyrwhitt, who offered him a large sum of wealth with a condition that Kolhi should seek an apology and become a vassal and inform the hideout of Karan Singh and his companions, to which Kolhi opposed.[3] His fingers were wrapped in cotton and soaked in oil was burnt in front of locals. He sustained all the tortures bravely. He was hanged on the banks of Gardharo stream, near Nagarparkar and Karunjher Mountains on 22 August 1858.[3]
Descendants[edit | edit source]
After the death of Kolhi, his mother Kesrbai, wife Meenawati and others migrated to Kunri, which is a part of today's Umerkot district and his later descendants settled at the place.[3]
Tribute[edit | edit source]
- In 2017, a resort under his name Rooplo Kolhi Resort was opened in Nagarparkar, Sindh by the Sindh Tourism Development Corporation.[6]
- In October 2022, a book was published by Chief Minister of Sindh about Rooplo Kolhi.[7]
- In schools of Sindh, the history of Rooplo Kolhi is studied in Higher Education syllabus.[8]
- The civil society organisations of Pakistan demanded that Karoonjhar Mountains be declared a world heritage site because the mountain is the identity of Shaheed Rooplo Kolhi who fought the British army and was hanged there.[9]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Khaskheli, Muhammad Abbas (2021-11-02). "Rooplo Kolhi: The Warrior Who Defied The British Empire In The Karoonjhar Mountains". The Friday Times - Naya Daur. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ↑ "Hindu Woman Elected To Pakistan's Senate In Historic First". www.outlookindia.com/. 2022-02-14. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "Prisoner from the granite hills". Jung : The News on Sunday. 1 Sep 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
- ↑ Shah, Zulfiqar (29 March 2008). "Roots of Nationalism in Sindh". Dawn. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
- ↑ "The fearless Rooplo Kolhi | Political Economy | thenews.com.pk". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ↑ Mansoor, Hasan (2017-08-21). "Tourist resort in Nagarparkar opens". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2022-03-20.
- ↑ Dharani, Imtiaz (2022-10-26). "Book on freedom fighter Rooplo Kolhi launched". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ↑ "Schools to open next week". The Express Tribune. 2021-08-17. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
- ↑ "SHC stays excavation of stone in Karoonjhar hills". DAWN.COM. 2019-11-14. Retrieved 2022-11-05.