P-800 Oniks: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox weapon
{{Infobox weapon
| is_missile = yes
| is_missile         = yes
| name = Yakhont/Oniks (small member)missile
| name               = Yakhont/Oniks missile
| image = File:3M55 Yakhont Onyx SS-N-26 Armia 2018.jpg
| image             = File:3M55 Yakhont Onyx SS-N-26 Armia 2018.jpg
| image_size = 300
| image_size         = 300
| caption = A P-800 missile at Armia 2018
| caption           = A P-800 missile at Armia 2018
| origin = [[Soviet Union]] / [[Russia]]
| origin             = [[Soviet Union]] / [[Russia]]
| more users = [[Indonesian Navy|INA]]
| type               = [[Cruise missile]]<br />[[Air-launched cruise missile]]<br />[[Submarine-launched cruise missile]]<br />[[Anti-ship missile]]<br />[[Surface-to-surface missile]]<br />[[Land-attack missile]]
| type = [[Cruise missile]]<br />[[Air-launched cruise missile]]<br />[[Submarine-launched cruise missile]]<br />[[Anti-ship missile]]<br />[[Surface-to-surface missile]]<br />[[Land-attack missile]]
| used_by           = See ''[[#Operators|Operators]]''
| used_by = See ''[[#Operators|Operators]]''
| wars               = [[Syrian Civil War]] <br />[[Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|Russo-Ukrainian war]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/14122149 | title=ВС РФ уничтожили гиперзвуковыми ракетами "Кинжал" подземный склад боеприпасов ВСУ - ТАСС }}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=March 2024}}
| wars = [[Syrian Civil War]] <br />[[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]]<ref>https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/14122149</ref>
| manufacturer       = [[NPO Mashinostroyeniya]]
| manufacturer = [[NPO Mashinostroyeniya]]
| unit_cost         = $1.25 million<ref name=Forbes01>{{cite news|url=https://forbes.ua/inside/rosiya-za-vikhidni-vipustila-po-ukraini-raket-vartistyu-blizko-200-mln-otsinka-forbes-27062022-6838 |first1=Volodymyr |last1=Landa|first2=Konstantin|last2= Gnenny |title=Over the weekend, Russia launched missiles worth about $200 million over Ukraine., Росія за вихідні випустила по Україні ракет вартістю близько $200 млн.|language=uk|agency=[[Forbes]]|access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref>
| unit_cost =  
| propellant         = [[jet fuel]]
| propellant = [[jet fuel]]
| production_date   = 1987–present
| production_date = 1987–present
| service           = 2002–present<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.npomash.ru/history/en/history.htm|title=MIC "NPO mashinostroyenia" - History|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605115327/http://www.npomash.ru/history/en/history.htm|archive-date=5 June 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
| service = 2002–present<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.npomash.ru/history/en/history.htm|title=MIC "NPO mashinostroyenia" - History|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605115327/http://www.npomash.ru/history/en/history.htm|archive-date=5 June 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
| engine             = [[Ramjet]]
| engine = [[Ramjet]]
| engine_power       = 4 [[Ton-force|tons]] of thrust
| engine_power = 4 [[Ton-force|tons]] of thrust
| weight             = 3,000 kg (6,614 lb)
| weight = 3,000 kg (6,614 lb)
| length             = 8.9 m (29.2 ft)
| length = 8.9 m (29.2 ft)
| height             =  
| height =  
| diameter           = 0.7 m (2.3 ft)
| diameter = 0.7 m (2.3 ft)
| wingspan           = 1.7 m (5.6 ft)
| wingspan = 1.7 m (5.6 ft)
| accuracy           = 1.5 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/missile-threat-and-proliferation/missile-proliferation/russia/16962-2/|title=P-800 Oniks (SS-N-26 Strobile) – Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance|access-date=20 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321063129/http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/missile-threat-and-proliferation/missile-proliferation/russia/16962-2/|archive-date=21 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
| accuracy = 1.5 m<ref>{{cite web|url=http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/missile-threat-and-proliferation/missile-proliferation/russia/16962-2/|title=P-800 Oniks (SS-N-26 Strobile) – Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance|access-date=20 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321063129/http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/missile-threat-and-proliferation/missile-proliferation/russia/16962-2/|archive-date=21 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
| speed             = [[Mach number|Mach]] 2.9 ( 3180 km/h / 1998 mph / 884 m/s )
| speed = [[Mach number|Mach]] 2-3
| vehicle_range     = {{convert|600|km|mi nmi|abbr=on}} (''Oniks'' version for Russia)<br />{{convert|800|km|mi nmi|abbr=on}} (''Oniks-M'' version for Russia)<br /> {{convert|120|to|300|km|mi nmi|abbr=on}} depending on altitude (''Yakhont'' export version)
| vehicle_range = {{convert|600|km|mi nmi|abbr=on}} (''Oniks'' version for Russia)<br />{{convert|800|km|mi nmi|abbr=on}} (''Oniks-M'' version for Russia)<br /> {{convert|120|to|300|km|mi nmi|abbr=on}} depending on altitude (''Yakhont'' export version)
| ceiling           = 14,000 m (46000 ft)
| ceiling = 14,000 m
| altitude           = 10 meters (32 ft) or higher
| altitude = 10 meters or higher
| filling           = national ver. 300 kg semi-armour piercing HE, [[H-bomb|thermonuclear]]; for export 200 kg semi-armour piercing HE<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/archives/archives-naval-defense/naval-defense-2019/russia-mod-launches-supersonic-anti-ship-oniks-p-800-cruise-missile|title = Russia MoD launches supersonic anti-ship "Oniks P-800" cruise missile| date=30 September 2019 }}</ref>
| filling = national ver. 300 kg semi-armour piercing HE, [[H-bomb|thermonuclear]]; for export 200 kg semi-armour piercing HE<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2019/september/7530-russia-mod-launches-supersonic-anti-ship-oniks-p-800-cruise-missile.html|title = Russia MoD launches supersonic anti-ship "Oniks P-800" cruise missile}}</ref>
| guidance           = midcourse [[inertial guidance]], [[active radar homing]]-[[passive radar]] seeker head
| guidance = midcourse [[inertial guidance]], [[active radar homing]]-[[passive radar]] seeker head
| detonation         = delay fuze
| detonation = delay fuze
| launch_platform   = coastal installations, [[naval ship]]s, [[Fixed-wing aircraft]]
| launch_platform = coastal installations, [[naval ship]]s, [[Fixed-wing aircraft]]
}}
}}


The '''P-800 Oniks''' ({{lang-ru|П-800 Оникс}}; {{lang-en|[[Onyx]]}}), also known in export markets as '''Yakhont''' ({{lang-ru|Яхонт}}; {{lang-en|[[ruby]]}}), is a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] / [[Russia]]n [[supersonic]] [[Anti-ship missile|anti-ship]] [[cruise missile]] developed by [[NPO Mashinostroyeniya]] as a [[ramjet]] version of [[SS-N-22|P-80 Zubr]]. Its [[GRAU]] designation is '''3M55''', the air launched '''Kh-61''' variant also exists. The missile has the [[NATO codename]] '''SS-N-26 "[[wiktionary:strobile|Strobile]]"'''. Development officially started in 1983, and in the 1990s the anti-ship missile was tested on the Project 1234.7 ship. In 2002 the missile passed the whole range of trials and was commissioned.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rusnavy.com/nowadays/strength/surfaceships/nakat/index.php?print=Y|title=Nakat|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103044323/http://rusnavy.com/nowadays/strength/surfaceships/nakat/index.php?print=Y|archive-date=3 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> It is reportedly a replacement for the [[P-270 Moskit]], and possibly also of the [[P-700 Granit]].
The '''P-800 Oniks''' ({{langx|ru|П-800 Оникс}}; {{langx|en|[[Onyx]]}}), [[marketed]] in [[Rosoboronexport|export]] as the '''Yakhont''' ({{langx|ru|Яхонт}}; {{langx|en|[[ruby]]}}), is a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]/[[Russia]]n [[supersonic]] [[Anti-ship missile|anti-ship]] [[cruise missile]] developed by [[NPO Mashinostroyeniya]] as a [[ramjet]] version of the [[SS-N-22|P-80 Zubr]]. Its [[GRAU]] designation is '''3M55''', the air launched '''Kh-61''' variant was planned but never built. The missile has the [[NATO codename]] '''SS-N-26 "[[wiktionary:strobile|Strobile]]"'''. Development commenced in 1983,<ref>{{cite web|title=P800 Oniks|website=militarytoday|url=https://www.militarytoday.com/missiles/p800_oniks.htm|access-date=23 July 2023|archive-date=17 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117091056/https://www.militarytoday.com/missiles/p800_oniks.htm}}</ref> and in the 1990s the anti-ship missile was tested on the [[Nanuchka-class corvette#Project 12347 (Nanuchka IV)|Project 1234.7 ship]]. In 2002 the missile passed the whole range of trials and was commissioned.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rusnavy.com/nowadays/strength/surfaceships/nakat/index.php?print=Y|title=Nakat|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103044323/http://rusnavy.com/nowadays/strength/surfaceships/nakat/index.php?print=Y|archive-date=3 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> It is reportedly a replacement for the [[P-270 Moskit]], and possibly also of the [[P-700 Granit]].
 
==Description==
The missile is carried in flight by [[aerodynamic lift]]. The solid-propellant booster is located in the ramjet's combustion chamber and is ejected by the airflow after it has burned out.
 
===Advantages===
*Over-the-horizon firing range
*Full autonomy of combat use ("[[fire and forget]]")
*A set of flexible ("low-profile [[sea-skimming]]", "high-low") trajectories
*High supersonic speed in all phases of flight
*Full harmonization for a wide range of platforms (surface ships, submarines and land-based launchers)
*Possible use of the missile in [[electronic countermeasures]] environment and under enemy fire


==Operational history==
==Operational history==
===Syria===
===Syria===
In 2010 Sergei Prikhodko, senior adviser to the Russian President, has said that Russia intends to deliver P-800 to [[Syria]] based on the contracts signed in 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22565405|title=BBC News - Syria crisis: Russia 'sends sophisticated weapons'|work=BBC News|date=17 May 2013|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531193909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22565405|archive-date=31 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/despite-israeli-protests-russia-won-t-halt-arms-sale-to-syria-1.310943|title=Despite Israeli protests, Russia won't halt arms sale to Syria|date=30 August 2010|work=Haaretz.com|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924220644/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/despite-israeli-protests-russia-won-t-halt-arms-sale-to-syria-1.310943|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Syria received two Bastion missile systems with 36 missiles each (72 in total).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=10315|title=Bastion missile systems to protect Russian naval base in Syria|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111163113/http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=10315|archive-date=11 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The missiles' test was broadcast by Syrian state TV.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwTaOeurbQE|title=Syria Navy with Yakhont missile.flv|work=YouTube|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903012914/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwTaOeurbQE|archive-date=3 September 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 2010 Sergei Prikhodko, senior adviser to the Russian President, has said that Russia intends to deliver P-800 to [[Syria]] based on the contracts signed in 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22565405|title=BBC News - Syria crisis: Russia 'sends sophisticated weapons'|work=BBC News|date=17 May 2013|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531193909/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22565405|archive-date=31 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/despite-israeli-protests-russia-won-t-halt-arms-sale-to-syria-1.310943|title=Despite Israeli protests, Russia won't halt arms sale to Syria|date=30 August 2010|work=Haaretz.com|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924220644/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/despite-israeli-protests-russia-won-t-halt-arms-sale-to-syria-1.310943|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Syria received two Bastion missile systems with 36 missiles each (72 in total).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=10315|title=Bastion missile systems to protect Russian naval base in Syria|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111163113/http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=10315|archive-date=11 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The missiles' test was broadcast by Syrian state TV.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwTaOeurbQE|title=Syria Navy with Yakhont missile.flv|work=YouTube|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903012914/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwTaOeurbQE|archive-date=3 September 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>


In May 2013, Russia continued the contract delivery to the Syrian government supplying missiles with an advanced radar to make them more effective to counter any future foreign military invasion.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22578673|title=BBC News - Syria crisis: US rues Russian missiles sent to Damascus|work=BBC News|date=18 May 2013|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125110029/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22578673|archive-date=25 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/17/world/middleeast/russia-provides-syria-with-advanced-missiles.html|title=Russia Sends More Advanced Missiles to Aid Assad in Syria|first1=Michael R.|last1=Gordon|first2=Eric|last2=Schmitt|date=16 May 2013|via=NYTimes.com|access-date=28 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307163913/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/17/world/middleeast/russia-provides-syria-with-advanced-missiles.html|archive-date=7 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> A warehouse containing the Bastion missiles was destroyed by an Israeli air strike on [[Latakia]] on 5 July 2013, but US intelligence analysts believe that some missiles had been removed before the attack.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/01/world/middleeast/syrian-missiles-were-moved-before-israeli-strike-officials-say.html?_r=0 | title=Some Syria Missiles Eluded Israeli Strike, Officials Say | first=Michael R. | last=Gordon | newspaper=New York Times | date=31 July 2013 | access-date=28 February 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625151459/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/01/world/middleeast/syrian-missiles-were-moved-before-israeli-strike-officials-say.html?_r=0 | archive-date=25 June 2017 | url-status=live }}</ref>
In May 2013, Russia continued the contract delivery to the Syrian government supplying missiles with an advanced radar to make them more effective to counter any future foreign military invasion.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22578673|title=BBC News - Syria crisis: US rues Russian missiles sent to Damascus|work=BBC News|date=18 May 2013|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125110029/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22578673|archive-date=25 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/17/world/middleeast/russia-provides-syria-with-advanced-missiles.html|title=Russia Sends More Advanced Missiles to Aid Assad in Syria|first1=Michael R.|last1=Gordon|first2=Eric|last2=Schmitt|work=The New York Times |date=16 May 2013|via=NYTimes.com|access-date=28 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307163913/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/17/world/middleeast/russia-provides-syria-with-advanced-missiles.html|archive-date=7 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> A warehouse containing the Bastion missiles was destroyed by an Israeli air strike on [[Latakia]] on 5 July 2013, but US intelligence analysts believe that some missiles had been removed before the attack.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/01/world/middleeast/syrian-missiles-were-moved-before-israeli-strike-officials-say.html?_r=0 | title=Some Syria Missiles Eluded Israeli Strike, Officials Say | first=Michael R. | last=Gordon | newspaper=New York Times | date=31 July 2013 | access-date=28 February 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625151459/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/01/world/middleeast/syrian-missiles-were-moved-before-israeli-strike-officials-say.html?_r=0 | archive-date=25 June 2017 | url-status=live }}</ref>


Oniks missiles were reportedly used in 2016 against [[ISIL]] targets.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veunTV1RUPQ|title=YouTube|website=www.youtube.com|access-date=18 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818154935/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veunTV1RUPQ|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-russia-strikes-idUSKBN13A19Y|title=Russia uses aircraft carrier for big attack on Syrian rebels|newspaper=Reuters|date=15 November 2016|via=www.reuters.com|access-date=2 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518060830/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-russia-strikes-idUSKBN13A19Y|archive-date=18 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.middleeastobserver.org/2016/11/15/putin-orders-bombing-aircraft-carrier-syria-hours-after-call-with-trump/|title=Russian bombing by aircraft carrier in Syria, hours after Putin-Trump call|first=Mahmoud|last=Eskaf|date=15 November 2016}}</ref>
Oniks missiles were reportedly used in 2016 against [[ISIL]] targets.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veunTV1RUPQ|title=YouTube|website=www.youtube.com|access-date=18 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818154935/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veunTV1RUPQ|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-russia-strikes-idUSKBN13A19Y|title=Russia uses aircraft carrier for big attack on Syrian rebels|newspaper=Reuters|date=15 November 2016|via=www.reuters.com|access-date=2 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518060830/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-russia-strikes-idUSKBN13A19Y|archive-date=18 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.middleeastobserver.org/2016/11/15/putin-orders-bombing-aircraft-carrier-syria-hours-after-call-with-trump/|title=Russian bombing by aircraft carrier in Syria, hours after Putin-Trump call|first=Mahmoud|last=Eskaf|date=15 November 2016}}</ref>


===Russian Invasion of Ukraine===  
===Russian invasion of Ukraine===


In May 2022, Russia’s Defense Minister announced that Russia used high precision Onyx missiles during Russia’s “[[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Special Military Operation]]” in Ukraine. The Onyx missiles were used to destroy military equipment near the city of Odesa.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reuters |date=2022-05-01 |title=Russia strikes U.S. weapons at airfield near Odesa, defence ministry says |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-strikes-us-weapons-airfield-near-odesa-defence-ministry-says-2022-05-01/ |access-date=2022-05-02}}</ref> There are other reported use of Onyx missiles in Donbas during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.{{cn|date=May 2022}}
{{see also|Russian invasion of Ukraine}}
 
The P-800 was used in the Russo-Ukrainian War. The [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Russian Defense Ministry]] announced that it had used the missile in 1 May 2022; reportedly a number of Oniks missiles were used to destroy military equipment around the city of [[Odesa]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-05-01 |title=Russia strikes U.S. weapons at airfield near Odesa, defence ministry says |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-strikes-us-weapons-airfield-near-odesa-defence-ministry-says-2022-05-01/ |access-date=2022-05-02}}</ref> On 9 May 2022 Russian missile forces in Crimea, launched 4 Onyx missiles on Odesa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3478782-zagarbniki-vdarili-po-odesi-cotirma-raketami-tipu-oniks.html |script-title=uk:російські війська 9 травня вдарили по Одесі з тимчасово окупованого Криму чотирма крилатими ракетами типу «Онікс». |work=Ukrinform|date=9 May 2022}}</ref> Russian MOD reported that their forces attacked Ukrainian helicopters located in Artsyz in the Odessa region.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newsru.co.il/world/09may2022/min_ru_126.html|script-title=ru:Минобороны РФ задержало публикацию "праздничного" отчета о боевых действиях против Украины|language=ru|date=9 May 2022|work=Newsru}}</ref> One Ukrainian [[Mi-24]] helicopter was destroyed in the ground and one person was killed.<ref name="CD12052022">{{cite web|url=https://verdictum.ligazakon.net/document/104266047|title=Ухвала від 11.05.2022 № 497/815/22 Болградський районний суд|language=Ukrainian|work=Bolgrod Tribunal of Odesa|date=12 May 2022}}</ref>
 
Ukrainian Air Force Spokesperson [[Yurii Ihnat]] mentioned that the flight profile of the missile is of particular concern: "Onyx missiles are designed to destroy watercraft, and ships, it flies at a speed of 3000 km per hour, that is, very fast,... On the march [cruising], it can rise high, and when entering the target, it can actually fly 10–15 meters above the water to destroy the ship." He concluded that it was "impossible" to shoot them down with available anti-air means,{{dubious|date=March 2024}} but he mentioned that some success was found when using [[electronic warfare]] against them; he mentioned that a missile attack on 23 September 2023 missed a military target and destroyed a "recreational area", adding that "something affected its flight."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Orlova |first1=Alisa |title=Ukraine's Latest Missile Problem – How to Shoot Down Russia's 'Onyx' |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/post/19661 |website=Kyiv Post |date=20 July 2023 |access-date=7 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Supersonic speed and complex trajectory: Key insights into Oniks missiles and why they are hard to intercept |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/supersonic-speed-and-complex-trajectory-key-insights-into-oniks-missiles-and-why-they-are-hard-to-intercept/ar-AA1heWk8 |website=MSN |publisher=RBC Ukraine |access-date=7 October 2023}}</ref>
 
Russian sources reported on 27 March 2024 that the missile received a new active homing head in order to hit ground targets more precisely.<ref>{{cite web | title=Russians announced the development of a new seeker for the Oniks missile | website=Militarnyi | date=2024-03-27 | url=https://mil.in.ua/en/news/russians-announced-the-development-of-a-new-seeker-for-the-oniks-missile/ | language=en | ref={{sfnref | Militarnyi | 2024}} | access-date=2024-03-29}}</ref>
 
On 20 August 2024, at the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine [[Oleksandr Syrskyi]] for the first time announced data on how many weapons Russia has used since 2022, as well as how many were intercepted. The report said that only 12/211 (5.69%) of Onyx were intercepted by Ukraine's air defense<ref>{{cite web | url=https://global.espreso.tv/russia-ukraine-war-kovalenko-ukraines-missile-terror-has-turned-against-russia-what-analysis-of-strikes-for-entire-period-of-full-scale-war-shows?amp | title=Missile terror of Ukraine turns against Russia. Analysis of strikes }}</ref>


==Specifications==
==Specifications==
[[File:Kalibr and Onyx cruise missiles engage terrorists' objects in Syria.webm|thumb|[[Kalibr]] and Onyx cruise missiles hit targets in Syria, November 2016.]]
* Length: 8.9 m
* Length: 8.9 m
* Diameter: 0.7 m
* Diameter: 0.7 m
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* all-weather monopulse [[Active radar homing|active]]-[[Passive radar|passive]], with frequency hopping
* all-weather monopulse [[Active radar homing|active]]-[[Passive radar|passive]], with frequency hopping
* Immunity: high, from active spoofing, dipole clouds
* Immunity: high, from active spoofing, dipole clouds
* Range: 50&nbsp;km active<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.granit-electron.ru/products/mil/complex/yahont_head/ |title=Archived copy |website=www.granit-electron.ru |access-date=3 February 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912062800/http://www.granit-electron.ru/products/mil/complex/yahont_head/ |archive-date=12 September 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Range: 50&nbsp;km active<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.granit-electron.ru/products/mil/complex/yahont_head/ |title=Концерн. Продукция. Продукция военного назначения |website=www.granit-electron.ru |access-date=3 February 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912062800/http://www.granit-electron.ru/products/mil/complex/yahont_head/ |archive-date=12 September 2012 }}</ref>
* Launchable [[sea state]] – up to 7 points
* Launchable [[sea state]] – up to 7 points
* Warm-up time from power on: no more than 2 min
* Warm-up time from power on: no more than 2 min
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==Variants==
==Variants==
* 3M55 Oniks – Base version for Russia.
* 3M55 Oniks – Base version for Russia.
* P-800 Yakhont – Export version of Oniks.
* P-800 Yakhont – Export version of Oniks. {{citation needed|date=January 2025}}
* P-800 Bolid - Submarine-launched version of Yakhont.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/ss-n-26.htm|title=P-800 Yakhont 3M-55 P-800 Bolid SS-N-26|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=17 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617163413/https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/ss-n-26.htm|archive-date=17 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
* P-800 Yashma - Submarine-launched version of Yakhont.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}
* [[BrahMos]] – Co-developed by Russia and India, based on Oniks, produced by [[BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited]] in India. [[BrahMos-II]], a hypersonic version is also being developed. {{Citation needed|reason=No Source provided stating BrahMos is a variant of P-800|date=January 2017}} The P-800 was used as the basis for the joint Russian-Indian supersonic missile [[BrahMos]].<ref>{{cite web|title = Brahmos Missiles - The Hans India|url = http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/search_archivebase/2015-08-12/Brahmos-Missiles-169367|website = www.thehansindia.com|date = 12 August 2015|access-date = 2015-11-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151123080806/http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/search_archivebase/2015-08-12/Brahmos-Missiles-169367|archive-date = 23 November 2015|url-status = live}}</ref>
* [[BrahMos]] – Co-developed with India, through [[BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited]], since 1998.<ref>{{cite web|title = Brahmos Missiles - The Hans India|url = http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/search_archivebase/2015-08-12/Brahmos-Missiles-169367|website = www.thehansindia.com|date = 12 August 2015|access-date = 2015-11-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151123080806/http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/search_archivebase/2015-08-12/Brahmos-Missiles-169367|archive-date = 23 November 2015|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=P-800 Oniks/Yakhont/Bastion (SS-N-26 Strobile) |url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/ss-n-26/ |access-date=2023-06-19 |website=Missile Threat |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Bastion-P]] – Coast mobile missile system. Officially it entered service in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.npomash.ru/press/ru/podrobnee020915.htm?l=0|title=ВПК "НПО машиностроения" - Новости|access-date=16 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083741/http://www.npomash.ru/press/ru/podrobnee020915.htm?l=0|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[K-300P Bastion-P|Bastion-P]] – Coast mobile missile system. Officially entered service in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.npomash.ru/press/ru/podrobnee020915.htm?l=0|title=ВПК "НПО машиностроения" - Новости|access-date=16 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083741/http://www.npomash.ru/press/ru/podrobnee020915.htm?l=0|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Kh-61 - Air launched air to surface version.
* Kh-61 - Air launched air to surface version. {{citation needed|date=January 2025}}
* Oniks-M - version of Oniks with improved range (up to 800&nbsp;km), accuracy and [[Electronic counter-countermeasure|ECCM]] capabilities.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1079734|title=Russia develops seaborne cruise missile with increased range capability — sources |date=25 September 2019|work=Tass|access-date=25 September 2019}}</ref>
* Oniks-M - version of Oniks with improved range (up to 800&nbsp;km), accuracy and [[Electronic counter-countermeasure|ECCM]] capabilities.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}


==Platforms==
==Platforms==
===Naval===
===Naval===
;Current
;Current
*{{sclass|Admiral Grigorovich|frigate|1}}
*[[Buyan-class corvette|''Buyan-M''-class corvette]]
*[[Buyan-class corvette|''Buyan-M''-class corvette]]
*{{sclass|Karakurt|corvette|1}}
*{{sclass|Karakurt|corvette|1}}
*{{sclass|Steregushchiy|corvette|1}} (export version)
*{{sclass|Steregushchiy|corvette|1}} (export version)
*{{sclass|Gremyashchiy|corvette|1}}
*{{sclass|Yasen|submarine|1}}
*{{sclass|Yasen|submarine|1}}
*{{sclass|Ahmad Yani|frigate|1}}
*{{sclass|Ahmad Yani|frigate|1}}
Line 108: Line 106:
*{{sclass|Kirov|battlecruiser|1}}
*{{sclass|Kirov|battlecruiser|1}}
*{{sclass|Lider|destroyer|1}}  
*{{sclass|Lider|destroyer|1}}  
*{{sclass|Gremyashchiy|corvette|1}}
*{{sclass|Oscar|submarine|1}}
*{{sclass|Oscar|submarine|1}}


Line 119: Line 116:


==Operators==
==Operators==
[[File:P-800 operators.png|thumb|400px|Map with P-800 operators in blue]]
[[File:P-800 operators.png|thumb|upright=1.35|Map with P-800 operators in blue]]


* {{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} [[Hezbollah]] – 12 missiles<ref>{{cite web |url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/country/hezbollahs-rocket-arsenal/|title=Missiles and Rockets of Hezbollah|website=Missile Threat |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426050730/https://missilethreat.csis.org/country/hezbollahs-rocket-arsenal/|archive-date=26 April 2020}}</ref> with diverse launching platforms.<ref>Amos Harel and Gili Cohen: ''Hezbollah: From terror group to army'', [[Haaretz]],  12 July 2016. Quote: "Hezbollah now [as compared to 2006] has Yakhont missiles with a longer range, better precision and diverse launching options." [http://www.haaretz.com/st/c/prod/eng/2016/07/lebanon2/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917172911/http://www.haaretz.com/st/c/prod/eng/2016/07/lebanon2/ |date=17 September 2017 }}. Retrieved 13 July 2016.</ref>
* {{flag|Hezbollah}} – 12 missiles<ref>{{cite web |url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/country/hezbollahs-rocket-arsenal/|title=Missiles and Rockets of Hezbollah|website=Missile Threat |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426050730/https://missilethreat.csis.org/country/hezbollahs-rocket-arsenal/|archive-date=26 April 2020}}</ref> with diverse launching platforms.<ref>Amos Harel and Gili Cohen: ''Hezbollah: From terror group to army'', [[Haaretz]],  12 July 2016. Quote: "Hezbollah now [as compared to 2006] has Yakhont missiles with a longer range, better precision and diverse launching options." [https://www.haaretz.com/st/c/prod/eng/2016/07/lebanon2/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917172911/http://www.haaretz.com/st/c/prod/eng/2016/07/lebanon2/|date=17 September 2017}}. Retrieved 13 July 2016.</ref> However, reports suggest that Hezbollah does not have the means to launch the missile without Iranian and/or Syrian support.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/country/hezbollahs-rocket-arsenal/|title=Missiles and Rockets of Hezbollah|website=Missile Threat |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426050730/https://missilethreat.csis.org/country/hezbollahs-rocket-arsenal/|archive-date=26 April 2020}}</ref>
* {{INA}} – 4 VLS ([[vertical launching system]]) mounted on {{sclass|Ahmad Yani|frigate|1}} {{ship|KRI|Oswald Siahaan|354|4}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurasiareview.com/31052011-indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis/|title=Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities – Analysis|author=Koh Swee Lean Collin|date=31 May 2011|work=Eurasia Review|access-date=11 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311192933/http://www.eurasiareview.com/31052011-indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis/|archive-date=11 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{INA}} – 4 VLS ([[vertical launching system]]) mounted on {{sclass|Ahmad Yani|frigate|1}} {{ship|KRI|Oswald Siahaan|354}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurasiareview.com/31052011-indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis/|title=Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities – Analysis|author=Koh Swee Lean Collin|date=31 May 2011|work=Eurasia Review|access-date=11 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311192933/http://www.eurasiareview.com/31052011-indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis/|archive-date=11 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{RUS}} – 3 "Bastion-P" complexes delivered in 2010, all the complexes taken into service with the Russian [[Black Sea Fleet]]'s 11th Independent Coastal Missile-Artillery Brigade stationed near [[Anapa]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.rufox.ru/texts/2011/01/18/197401.htm|title=Ракетный комплекс "Бастион" будет защищать берега Анапы|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103113724/http://news.rufox.ru/texts/2011/01/18/197401.htm|archive-date=3 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> and the Project 1234.7 ''Nakat'', a one-off [[Nanuchka-class corvette|Nanuchka IV-class corvette]] commissioned in 1987 with 2x6 Oniks.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TJunjRvplU4C&pg=PA625 |page=625 |title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems |first=Eric |last=Wertheim |publisher=Naval Institute Press |date=2007 |isbn=9781591149552 |access-date=22 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023062632/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TJunjRvplU4C&pg=PA625 |archive-date=23 October 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> The "Bastion-P" is deployed by Russian forces in Crimea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/37829/russia-parades-bastion-p-in-crimea|title=Russia parades Bastion-P in Crimea|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103113508/http://www.janes.com/article/37829/russia-parades-bastion-p-in-crimea|archive-date=3 November 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> One more Bastion-P was delivered in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2015/1009/145031589/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / В Национальном центре управления обороной страны под руководством С.Шойгу прошел Единый день приемки военной продукции|access-date=13 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304123330/http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2015/1009/145031589/detail.shtml|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> 2 Bastion systems are in service with the Northern Fleet and at least one with Western Military District (Baltic Fleet).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/907916|title=Russian Navy received more than 100 Kalibr, Onix missiles in 3rd quarter|access-date=26 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025110435/http://tass.com/defense/907916|archive-date=25 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Two more systems entered service in 2016 with Pacific Fleet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sputnikimages.com/en/site/feature/527850/|title=Sputnik Images media library|access-date=6 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107092648/http://sputnikimages.com/en/site/feature/527850/|archive-date=7 November 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Newest class of Russian nuclear-powered attack submarines, [[Yasen-class submarine]], can also launch the missile.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/russias-first-yasen-class-submarine-is-combat-ready|title=Russia's First Yasen-Class Submarine is Combat-Ready|access-date=13 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419155723/http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/russias-first-yasen-class-submarine-is-combat-ready|archive-date=19 April 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Submarine-launched variant entered service in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/936090|title=Advanced anti-ship cruise missile systems enter service with Russian Navy|access-date=18 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319022856/http://tass.com/defense/936090|archive-date=19 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Two Bastion missile systems delivered in 2017 and one more in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12160216@egNews |title=National Centre for State Defence Control hosts Military Acceptance Day chaired by Russian Minister of Defence : Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation |publisher=Eng.mil.ru |date=2018-01-31 |access-date=2019-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203181619/http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12160216@egNews |archive-date=3 February 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1014216|title=Russian Navy takes delivery of 49 cruise missiles|website=TASS|access-date=17 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617163416/https://tass.com/defense/1014216|archive-date=17 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Totally 4 Bal and Bastion systems in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12208613@egNews |title=В Москве под руководством Верховного Главнокомандующего Вооруженными Силами России Владимира Путина прошло расширенное заседание Коллегии Минобороны : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации |publisher=Function.mil.ru |date=2018-12-18 |access-date=2019-06-17 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190126062637/https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12208613@egNews |archive-date=26 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> One more system delivered for the Pacific Fleet in early 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/87221/russia-s-pacific-fleet-receives-new-divisional-set-of-bastion-mobile-coastal-defence-missile-system|title=Russia's Pacific Fleet receives new divisional set of Bastion mobile coastal defence missile system - Jane's 360|website=www.janes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2019/0312/105051390/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / Тихоокеанский флот получил новый дивизионный комплект подвижного берегового ракетного комплекса "Бастион"|website=www.armstrade.org}}</ref> Totally 3 Bastion systems and 55 Oniks were delivered in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1083915|title = Russia's Strategic Missile Force receives 9 ballistic missile systems since year start}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1114951|title = A total of 55 Oniks missiles shipped to Russian Navy in 2019}}</ref> The Russian Defense Ministry concluded a contract at the Army-2020 forum for purchasing cruise missiles 3M55N Oniks.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1193591|title = Defense Ministry concludes contract for purchasing cruise missiles Onix at Army-2020 forum}}</ref> 3 more delivered during 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1324345|title = Over 200 weapon systems arrive for Russian troops in 2021 — defense chief}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1390873|title = Russian troops receive over 5,000 advanced weapon systems in 2021 — defense chief}}</ref>
* {{RUS}} – 3 "Bastion-P" complexes delivered in 2010, all the complexes taken into service with the Russian [[Black Sea Fleet]]'s 11th Independent Coastal Missile-Artillery Brigade stationed near [[Anapa]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.rufox.ru/texts/2011/01/18/197401.htm|title=Ракетный комплекс "Бастион" будет защищать берега Анапы|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103113724/http://news.rufox.ru/texts/2011/01/18/197401.htm|archive-date=3 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> and the Project 1234.7 ''Nakat'', a one-off [[Nanuchka-class corvette|Nanuchka IV-class corvette]] commissioned in 1987 with 2x6 Oniks.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TJunjRvplU4C&pg=PA625 |page=625 |title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems |first=Eric |last=Wertheim |publisher=Naval Institute Press |date=2007 |isbn=978-1-59114-955-2 |access-date=22 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023062632/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TJunjRvplU4C&pg=PA625 |archive-date=23 October 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> The "Bastion-P" is deployed by Russian forces in Crimea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/37829/russia-parades-bastion-p-in-crimea|title=Russia parades Bastion-P in Crimea|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103113508/http://www.janes.com/article/37829/russia-parades-bastion-p-in-crimea|archive-date=3 November 2014}}</ref> One more Bastion-P was delivered in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2015/1009/145031589/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / В Национальном центре управления обороной страны под руководством С.Шойгу прошел Единый день приемки военной продукции|access-date=13 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304123330/http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2015/1009/145031589/detail.shtml|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> 2 Bastion systems are in service with the Northern Fleet and at least one with Western Military District (Baltic Fleet).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/907916|title=Russian Navy received more than 100 Kalibr, Onix missiles in 3rd quarter|access-date=26 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025110435/http://tass.com/defense/907916|archive-date=25 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=March 2024}} Newest class of Russian nuclear-powered attack submarines, [[Yasen-class submarine]], can also launch the missile.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/russias-first-yasen-class-submarine-is-combat-ready|title=Russia's First Yasen-Class Submarine is Combat-Ready|access-date=13 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419155723/http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/russias-first-yasen-class-submarine-is-combat-ready|archive-date=19 April 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Submarine-launched variant entered service in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/defense/936090|title=Advanced anti-ship cruise missile systems enter service with Russian Navy|access-date=18 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319022856/http://tass.com/defense/936090|archive-date=19 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=March 2024}} Two Bastion missile systems delivered in 2017 and one more in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12160216@egNews |title=National Centre for State Defence Control hosts Military Acceptance Day chaired by Russian Minister of Defence: Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation |publisher=Eng.mil.ru |date=2018-01-31 |access-date=2019-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203181619/http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12160216@egNews |archive-date=3 February 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1014216|title=Russian Navy takes delivery of 49 cruise missiles|website=TASS|access-date=17 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617163416/https://tass.com/defense/1014216|archive-date=17 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=March 2024}} Totally 4 Bal and Bastion systems in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12208613@egNews |title=В Москве под руководством Верховного Главнокомандующего Вооруженными Силами России Владимира Путина прошло расширенное заседание Коллегии Минобороны: Министерство обороны Российской Федерации |publisher=Function.mil.ru |date=2018-12-18 |access-date=2019-06-17 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190126062637/https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12208613@egNews |archive-date=26 January 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> One more system delivered for the Pacific Fleet in early 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/87221/russia-s-pacific-fleet-receives-new-divisional-set-of-bastion-mobile-coastal-defence-missile-system|title=Russia's Pacific Fleet receives new divisional set of Bastion mobile coastal defence missile system - Jane's 360|website=www.janes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2019/0312/105051390/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / Тихоокеанский флот получил новый дивизионный комплект подвижного берегового ракетного комплекса "Бастион"|website=www.armstrade.org}}</ref> Totally 3 Bastion systems and 55 Oniks were delivered in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1083915|title = Russia's Strategic Missile Force receives 9 ballistic missile systems since year start}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1114951|title = A total of 55 Oniks missiles shipped to Russian Navy in 2019}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=March 2024}} The Russian Defense Ministry concluded a contract at the Army-2020 forum for purchasing cruise missiles 3M55N Oniks.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1193591|title = Defense Ministry concludes contract for purchasing cruise missiles Onix at Army-2020 forum}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=March 2024}} 3 more delivered during 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1324345|title = Over 200 weapon systems arrive for Russian troops in 2021 — defense chief}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tass.com/defense/1390873|title = Russian troops receive over 5,000 advanced weapon systems in 2021 — defense chief}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=March 2024}}
* {{SYR}} – 2 "[[Bastion-P]]" complexes delivered in 2011, 72 missiles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lenta.ru/news/2011/12/01/bastion/|title=Lenta.ru: Наука и техника: Россия поставила Сирии противокорабельные комплексы "Бастион"|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103174019/http://lenta.ru/news/2011/12/01/bastion|archive-date=3 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Report: Russia delivers supersonic cruise missiles to Syria|author=Haaretz|newspaper=Haaretz|date=1 December 2011|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/report-russia-delivers-supersonic-cruise-missiles-to-syria-1.399048|access-date=1 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202034116/http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/report-russia-delivers-supersonic-cruise-missiles-to-syria-1.399048|archive-date=2 December 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{SYR}} – 4 "[[Bastion-P]]" complexes delivered in 2011, 72 missiles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lenta.ru/news/2011/12/01/bastion/|title=Lenta.ru: Наука и техника: Россия поставила Сирии противокорабельные комплексы "Бастион"|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103174019/http://lenta.ru/news/2011/12/01/bastion|archive-date=3 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Report: Russia delivers supersonic cruise missiles to Syria|author=Haaretz|newspaper=Haaretz|date=1 December 2011|url=https://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/report-russia-delivers-supersonic-cruise-missiles-to-syria-1.399048|access-date=1 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202034116/http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/report-russia-delivers-supersonic-cruise-missiles-to-syria-1.399048|archive-date=2 December 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{VNM}} – 2 "Bastion-P" land-based coastal defense systems delivered, 40 missiles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/mainnews/2011/1024/100910082/detail.shtml|title=/ / |date=24 October 2011|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103112625/http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/mainnews/2011/1024/100910082/detail.shtml|archive-date=3 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurasiareview.com/indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis-31052011/|title=Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities - Analysis|work=Eurasia Review|access-date=23 December 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606082603/http://www.eurasiareview.com/indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis-31052011/|archive-date=6 June 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* {{VNM}} – at least 2 "Bastion-P" land-based coastal defense systems delivered with at least 40 missiles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/mainnews/2011/1024/100910082/detail.shtml|title=/ / |date=24 October 2011|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103112625/http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/mainnews/2011/1024/100910082/detail.shtml|archive-date=3 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurasiareview.com/indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis-31052011/|title=Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities - Analysis|work=Eurasia Review|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606082603/http://www.eurasiareview.com/indonesia%E2%80%99s-anti-ship-missiles-new-development-in-naval-capabilities-analysis-31052011/|archive-date=6 June 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[3M-54 Kalibr]]
*{{lwc|Kalibr (missile family)|3M-54 Kalibr}}
*[[3M-51 Alfa]]
*{{lwc|3M-51 Alfa}}
*{{lwc|BrahMos}}


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Weapons of Russia]]
[[Category:Weapons of Russia]]
[[Category:Cruise missiles| ]]
[[Category:Cruise missiles]]
[[Category:Anti-ship cruise missiles of Russia|P-800]]
[[Category:Anti-ship cruise missiles of Russia|P-800]]
[[Category:Cruise missiles of Russia]]
[[Category:Cruise missiles of Russia]]
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[[Category:Submarine-launched cruise missiles of Russia]]
[[Category:Submarine-launched cruise missiles of Russia]]
[[Category:Anti-ship cruise missiles of the Soviet Union|P-800]]
[[Category:Anti-ship cruise missiles of the Soviet Union|P-800]]
[[Category:Ramjet engines]]
[[Category:Ramjet-powered missiles]]
[[Category:Surface-to-surface missiles]]
[[Category:Surface-to-surface missiles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Surface-to-surface missiles of Russia]]
[[Category:NPO Mashinostroyeniya products]]
[[Category:NPO Mashinostroyeniya products]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 2000s]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 2000s]]
[[Category:Fire-and-forget weapons]]
[[Category:Fire-and-forget weapons]]
[[Category:Supersonic cruise missiles]]

Latest revision as of 08:19, 13 March 2026

Yakhont/Oniks missile
A P-800 missile at Armia 2018
TypeCruise missile
Air-launched cruise missile
Submarine-launched cruise missile
Anti-ship missile
Surface-to-surface missile
Land-attack missile
Place of originSoviet Union / Russia
Service history
In service2002–present[1]
Used bySee Operators
WarsSyrian Civil War
Russo-Ukrainian war[2][unreliable source?]
Production history
ManufacturerNPO Mashinostroyeniya
Unit cost$1.25 million[3]
Produced1987–present
Specifications
Mass3,000 kg (6,614 lb)
Length8.9 m (29.2 ft)
Diameter0.7 m (2.3 ft)
Warheadnational ver. 300 kg semi-armour piercing HE, thermonuclear; for export 200 kg semi-armour piercing HE[4]
Detonation
mechanism
delay fuze
EngineRamjet
4 tons of thrust
Wingspan1.7 m (5.6 ft)
Propellantjet fuel
Operational
range
600 km (370 mi; 320 nmi) (Oniks version for Russia)
800 km (500 mi; 430 nmi) (Oniks-M version for Russia)
120 to 300 km (75 to 186 mi; 65 to 162 nmi) depending on altitude (Yakhont export version)
Flight ceiling14,000 m (46000 ft)
Flight altitude10 meters (32 ft) or higher
Maximum speed Mach 2.9 ( 3180 km/h / 1998 mph / 884 m/s )
Guidance
system
midcourse inertial guidance, active radar homing-passive radar seeker head
Accuracy1.5 m[5]
Launch
platform
coastal installations, naval ships, Fixed-wing aircraft

The P-800 Oniks (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.), marketed in export as the Yakhont (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.), is a Soviet/Russian supersonic anti-ship cruise missile developed by NPO Mashinostroyeniya as a ramjet version of the P-80 Zubr. Its GRAU designation is 3M55, the air launched Kh-61 variant was planned but never built. The missile has the NATO codename SS-N-26 "Strobile". Development commenced in 1983,[6] and in the 1990s the anti-ship missile was tested on the Project 1234.7 ship. In 2002 the missile passed the whole range of trials and was commissioned.[7] It is reportedly a replacement for the P-270 Moskit, and possibly also of the P-700 Granit.

Operational history[edit | edit source]

Syria[edit | edit source]

In 2010 Sergei Prikhodko, senior adviser to the Russian President, has said that Russia intends to deliver P-800 to Syria based on the contracts signed in 2007.[8][9] Syria received two Bastion missile systems with 36 missiles each (72 in total).[10] The missiles' test was broadcast by Syrian state TV.[11]

In May 2013, Russia continued the contract delivery to the Syrian government supplying missiles with an advanced radar to make them more effective to counter any future foreign military invasion.[12][13] A warehouse containing the Bastion missiles was destroyed by an Israeli air strike on Latakia on 5 July 2013, but US intelligence analysts believe that some missiles had been removed before the attack.[14]

Oniks missiles were reportedly used in 2016 against ISIL targets.[15][16][17]

Russian invasion of Ukraine[edit | edit source]

See also: Russian invasion of Ukraine

The P-800 was used in the Russo-Ukrainian War. The Russian Defense Ministry announced that it had used the missile in 1 May 2022; reportedly a number of Oniks missiles were used to destroy military equipment around the city of Odesa.[18] On 9 May 2022 Russian missile forces in Crimea, launched 4 Onyx missiles on Odesa.[19] Russian MOD reported that their forces attacked Ukrainian helicopters located in Artsyz in the Odessa region.[20] One Ukrainian Mi-24 helicopter was destroyed in the ground and one person was killed.[21]

Ukrainian Air Force Spokesperson Yurii Ihnat mentioned that the flight profile of the missile is of particular concern: "Onyx missiles are designed to destroy watercraft, and ships, it flies at a speed of 3000 km per hour, that is, very fast,... On the march [cruising], it can rise high, and when entering the target, it can actually fly 10–15 meters above the water to destroy the ship." He concluded that it was "impossible" to shoot them down with available anti-air means,[dubious – discuss] but he mentioned that some success was found when using electronic warfare against them; he mentioned that a missile attack on 23 September 2023 missed a military target and destroyed a "recreational area", adding that "something affected its flight."[22][23]

Russian sources reported on 27 March 2024 that the missile received a new active homing head in order to hit ground targets more precisely.[24]

On 20 August 2024, at the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine Oleksandr Syrskyi for the first time announced data on how many weapons Russia has used since 2022, as well as how many were intercepted. The report said that only 12/211 (5.69%) of Onyx were intercepted by Ukraine's air defense[25]

Specifications[edit | edit source]

Kalibr and Onyx cruise missiles hit targets in Syria, November 2016.
  • Length: 8.9 m
  • Diameter: 0.7 m
  • Wingspan: 1.7 m
  • Weight: 3,100 kg
  • Speed at altitude: 750 m/s (Mach 2.6)
  • Surface speed: Mach 2
  • Engine: ramjet, weight 200 kg, 4 tons of thrust
  • Range: 120–300 km / 600 km for Russian ship/sub deployed non-export model[26]
  • for the combined trajectory (hi-lo) – 300 km
  • for low-altitude trajectory (lo-lo) – 120 km
  • Flight altitude of 10,000–14,000 m
  • Warhead: national version: 300 kg semi-armour piercing HE, thermonuclear; export version: 200 kg HE
  • Fuel: jet fuel T-6

Radar homing head

  • all-weather monopulse active-passive, with frequency hopping
  • Immunity: high, from active spoofing, dipole clouds
  • Range: 50 km active[27]
  • Launchable sea state – up to 7 points
  • Warm-up time from power on: no more than 2 min
  • Current consumption at 27 V circuit: up to 38 A
  • Maximum angle of the target search: ± 45 °
  • Homing weight: 85 kg

Variants[edit | edit source]

Platforms[edit | edit source]

Naval[edit | edit source]

Current
Future

Land[edit | edit source]

Standard batteries of the K-300 Bastion-P (Бастион-П-Подвижный):

  • 4 self-propelled launchers K-340P with 2 "Yakhont" missiles (crew of 3 persons)
  • 1–2 Command and Control vehicles (ASBU) PBRK (crew of 5 persons)
  • 1 security alert car (MOBD)
  • 4 Transportation and loading vehicles (TLV K342P)

Operators[edit | edit source]

Map with P-800 operators in blue

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "MIC "NPO mashinostroyenia" - History". Archived from the original on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  2. ↑ "ВС РФ уничтожили гиперзвуковыми ракетами "Кинжал" подземный склад боеприпасов ВСУ - ТАСС".
  3. ↑ Landa, Volodymyr; Gnenny, Konstantin. "Over the weekend, Russia launched missiles worth about $200 million over Ukraine., Росія за вихідні випустила по Україні ракет вартістю близько $200 млн" (in українська). Forbes. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  4. ↑ "Russia MoD launches supersonic anti-ship "Oniks P-800" cruise missile". 30 September 2019.
  5. ↑ "P-800 Oniks (SS-N-26 Strobile) – Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance". Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
  6. ↑ "P800 Oniks". militarytoday. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  7. ↑ "Nakat". Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  8. ↑ "BBC News - Syria crisis: Russia 'sends sophisticated weapons'". BBC News. 17 May 2013. Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  9. ↑ "Despite Israeli protests, Russia won't halt arms sale to Syria". Haaretz.com. 30 August 2010. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  10. ↑ "Bastion missile systems to protect Russian naval base in Syria". Archived from the original on 11 November 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  11. ↑ "Syria Navy with Yakhont missile.flv". YouTube. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  12. ↑ "BBC News - Syria crisis: US rues Russian missiles sent to Damascus". BBC News. 18 May 2013. Archived from the original on 25 November 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  13. ↑ Gordon, Michael R.; Schmitt, Eric (16 May 2013). "Russia Sends More Advanced Missiles to Aid Assad in Syria". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 March 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2017 – via NYTimes.com.
  14. ↑ Gordon, Michael R. (31 July 2013). "Some Syria Missiles Eluded Israeli Strike, Officials Say". New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  15. ↑ "YouTube". www.youtube.com. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
  16. ↑ "Russia uses aircraft carrier for big attack on Syrian rebels". Reuters. 15 November 2016. Archived from the original on 18 May 2017. Retrieved 2 July 2017 – via www.reuters.com.
  17. ↑ Eskaf, Mahmoud (15 November 2016). "Russian bombing by aircraft carrier in Syria, hours after Putin-Trump call".
  18. ↑ "Russia strikes U.S. weapons at airfield near Odesa, defence ministry says". Reuters. 1 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
  19. ↑ російські війська 9 травня вдарили по Одесі з тимчасово окупованого Криму чотирма крилатими ракетами типу «Онікс».. Ukrinform. 9 May 2022.
  20. ↑ Минобороны РФ задержало публикацию "праздничного" отчета о боевых действиях против Украины. Newsru (in русский). 9 May 2022.
  21. ↑ "Ухвала від 11.05.2022 № 497/815/22 Болградський районний суд". Bolgrod Tribunal of Odesa (in Ukrainian). 12 May 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  22. ↑ Orlova, Alisa (20 July 2023). "Ukraine's Latest Missile Problem – How to Shoot Down Russia's 'Onyx'". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  23. ↑ "Supersonic speed and complex trajectory: Key insights into Oniks missiles and why they are hard to intercept". MSN. RBC Ukraine. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  24. ↑ "Russians announced the development of a new seeker for the Oniks missile". Militarnyi. 27 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  25. ↑ "Missile terror of Ukraine turns against Russia. Analysis of strikes".
  26. ↑ Litovkin, Dmitry (8 August 2013). "Russian supersonic missiles behave like wolves".
  27. ↑ "Концерн. Продукция. Продукция военного назначения". www.granit-electron.ru. Retrieved 3 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  28. ↑ "Brahmos Missiles - The Hans India". www.thehansindia.com. 12 August 2015. Archived from the original on 23 November 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
  29. ↑ "P-800 Oniks/Yakhont/Bastion (SS-N-26 Strobile)". Missile Threat. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  30. ↑ "ВПК "НПО машиностроения" - Новости". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
  31. ↑ "Missiles and Rockets of Hezbollah". Missile Threat. Archived from the original on 26 April 2020.
  32. ↑ Amos Harel and Gili Cohen: Hezbollah: From terror group to army, Haaretz, 12 July 2016. Quote: "Hezbollah now [as compared to 2006] has Yakhont missiles with a longer range, better precision and diverse launching options." [1] Archived 17 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  33. ↑ "Missiles and Rockets of Hezbollah". Missile Threat. Archived from the original on 26 April 2020.
  34. ↑ Koh Swee Lean Collin (31 May 2011). "Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities – Analysis". Eurasia Review. Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  35. ↑ "Ракетный комплекс "Бастион" будет защищать берега Анапы". Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  36. ↑ Wertheim, Eric (2007). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems. Naval Institute Press. p. 625. ISBN 978-1-59114-955-2. Archived from the original on 23 October 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  37. ↑ "Russia parades Bastion-P in Crimea". Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  38. ↑ "ЦАМТО / Новости / В Национальном центре управления обороной страны под руководством С.Шойгу прошел Единый день приемки военной продукции". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  39. ↑ "Russian Navy received more than 100 Kalibr, Onix missiles in 3rd quarter". Archived from the original on 25 October 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
  40. ↑ "Russia's First Yasen-Class Submarine is Combat-Ready". Archived from the original on 19 April 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  41. ↑ "Advanced anti-ship cruise missile systems enter service with Russian Navy". Archived from the original on 19 March 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
  42. ↑ "National Centre for State Defence Control hosts Military Acceptance Day chaired by Russian Minister of Defence: Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation". Eng.mil.ru. 31 January 2018. Archived from the original on 3 February 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  43. ↑ "Russian Navy takes delivery of 49 cruise missiles". TASS. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  44. ↑ "В Москве под руководством Верховного Главнокомандующего Вооруженными Силами России Владимира Путина прошло расширенное заседание Коллегии Минобороны: Министерство обороны Российской Федерации". Function.mil.ru. 18 December 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  45. ↑ "Russia's Pacific Fleet receives new divisional set of Bastion mobile coastal defence missile system - Jane's 360". www.janes.com.
  46. ↑ "ЦАМТО / Новости / Тихоокеанский флот получил новый дивизионный комплект подвижного берегового ракетного комплекса "Бастион"". www.armstrade.org.
  47. ↑ "Russia's Strategic Missile Force receives 9 ballistic missile systems since year start".
  48. ↑ "A total of 55 Oniks missiles shipped to Russian Navy in 2019".
  49. ↑ "Defense Ministry concludes contract for purchasing cruise missiles Onix at Army-2020 forum".
  50. ↑ "Over 200 weapon systems arrive for Russian troops in 2021 — defense chief".
  51. ↑ "Russian troops receive over 5,000 advanced weapon systems in 2021 — defense chief".
  52. ↑ "Lenta.ru: Наука и техника: Россия поставила Сирии противокорабельные комплексы "Бастион"". Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  53. ↑ Haaretz (1 December 2011). "Report: Russia delivers supersonic cruise missiles to Syria". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 2 December 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  54. ↑ "/ /". 24 October 2011. Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  55. ↑ "Indonesia's Anti-ship Missiles: New Development In Naval Capabilities - Analysis". Eurasia Review. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 23 December 2014.

External links[edit | edit source]

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