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{{Short description|Mughal Faujdar of Sirhind, India}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | ||
[[ | '''Zain-ud-Din Khan''' known as '''Zain Khan Sirhindi''' (died 14 January 1764) was the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] [[Faujdar]] of [[Sirhind]], a serviceman of [[Shah Alam II]], and an ally of [[Najib ad-Dawlah|Najib-ud-Daula]] and [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]]. Zain Khan Sirhindi fought during the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] and strengthened Mughal rule in the region. | ||
== Biography == | |||
Zain Khan was [[sipahsalar]] and a great noble at the court of [[Ahmed Shah Durrani]]. After the conquest of Delhi by Durrani, he held the [[subahdar]]ship of Sirhind<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.IiEvolutionOfSikhConfederacies1707-69 |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. II Evolution Of Sikh Confederacies (1707-69) |language=English}}</ref>. | |||
Zain Khan was | Zain Khan however soon grew notorious for plundering villages within his own territory as well as refusing to pay his own soldiers. Tahmas Khan was disgusted by Zain Khan's actions and he soon left his services and predicted that Zain Khan along with the city of Sirhind would fall.<ref name="Ahmad Shah Durrani, father of modern Afghanistan">{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Ganda |title=Ahmad Shah Durrani Father of modern Afghanistan |page=291 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.5426/page/n314/mode/1up}}</ref> | ||
Zain Khan supported the [[Durrani Empire|Durranis]] and participated in the ''[[Vadda Ghalughara|Vadda Ghallughara]]'' genocide of Sikhs that occurred on 5 February 1762.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Harbans |title=The Encyclopedia of Sikhism |publisher=Punjabi University, Patiala |volume=4: S-Z |pages=395–397}}</ref> | |||
In January 1764, [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] led his sixth expedition to assist Sadat Yar Khan of [[Doab]] and Zain Khan Sirhindi and his [[Mughal Army]] which was later overrun outside [[Sirhind]], by 36,000 [[Sikh]] rebels led by [[Jassa Singh Ahluwalia]], who plundered [[Lahore]] and the upper [[Doab]].<ref name="beck">{{cite web|url=http://www.san.beck.org/2-10-Marathas1707-1800.html|title=Marathas and the English Company 1707-1818 by Sanderson Beck|publisher=san.beck.org|access-date=2015-04-10}}</ref><ref name="google">{{cite book|title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803)|author=Chhabra, G.S.|date=2005|publisher=Lotus Press|isbn=9788189093068|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC|page=36|access-date=2015-04-10}}</ref> | In January 1764, [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] led his sixth expedition to assist Sadat Yar Khan of [[Doab]] and Zain Khan Sirhindi and his [[Mughal Army]] which was later overrun outside [[Sirhind]], by 36,000 [[Sikh]] rebels led by [[Jassa Singh Ahluwalia]], who plundered [[Lahore]] and the upper [[Doab]].<ref name="beck">{{cite web|url=http://www.san.beck.org/2-10-Marathas1707-1800.html|title=Marathas and the English Company 1707-1818 by Sanderson Beck|publisher=san.beck.org|access-date=2015-04-10|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225084030/http://www.san.beck.org/2-10-Marathas1707-1800.html%20|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="google">{{cite book|title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803)|author=Chhabra, G.S.|date=2005|publisher=Lotus Press|isbn=9788189093068|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC|page=36|access-date=2015-04-10}}</ref> | ||
==Death== | ==Death== | ||
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==Descendants== | ==Descendants== | ||
Zain Khan was originally from the Khan Khel (family) of Lalpura Mohmands. His direct descendants are traced in the book "The Mohmands" by W. R. H. Merk. Most influential of them are the ones descended from the four sons of Nauroz Khan, who migrated to Peshawar. | Zain Khan was originally from the Khan Khel (family) of Tarakzaī<ref>''State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: Reign of Amir Dost Mohammad Khan'' by Christine Nicole (2012)</ref> [[Lal Pur District|Lalpura]] [[Mohmand (tribe)|Mohmands]]. His direct descendants are traced in the book "The Mohmands" by W. R. H. Merk. Most influential of them are the ones descended from the four sons of Nauroz Khan, who migrated to [[Peshawar]]. | ||
Most influential member of the family is Khan Tahir Zaman Khan, who is living in Peshawar and has khani over lalpura. | |||
{{citation needed|date=February 2023}} | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
7. The Sikh Encyclopedia | |||
8. A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West ..., Volume 3 Page 126 | |||
9. W R H Merk - "The Mohmands" | |||
10. Captain E.G.G. Hastings - Page 112 of Report of the regular settlement of the Peshawar district of the Punjab 1878 | |||
11. State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan | |||
12. Hari Ram Gupta - Page 168 of History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh confederacies, 1708-1769 (3rd rev. ed. 1978) | |||
[[Category:Mughal soldiers]] | [[Category:Mughal soldiers]] | ||
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[[Category:Indian military personnel]] | [[Category:Indian military personnel]] | ||
[[Category:People from Fatehgarh Sahib district]] | [[Category:People from Fatehgarh Sahib district]] | ||
[[Category:1764 deaths]] | |||
[[Category:18th-century Mughal Empire people]] | |||
{{India-hist-stub}} | {{India-hist-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:38, 15 January 2026
Zain-ud-Din Khan known as Zain Khan Sirhindi (died 14 January 1764) was the Mughal Faujdar of Sirhind, a serviceman of Shah Alam II, and an ally of Najib-ud-Daula and Ahmad Shah Durrani. Zain Khan Sirhindi fought during the Third Battle of Panipat and strengthened Mughal rule in the region.
Biography[edit | edit source]
Zain Khan was sipahsalar and a great noble at the court of Ahmed Shah Durrani. After the conquest of Delhi by Durrani, he held the subahdarship of Sirhind[1].
Zain Khan however soon grew notorious for plundering villages within his own territory as well as refusing to pay his own soldiers. Tahmas Khan was disgusted by Zain Khan's actions and he soon left his services and predicted that Zain Khan along with the city of Sirhind would fall.[2]
Zain Khan supported the Durranis and participated in the Vadda Ghallughara genocide of Sikhs that occurred on 5 February 1762.[3]
In January 1764, Ahmad Shah Durrani led his sixth expedition to assist Sadat Yar Khan of Doab and Zain Khan Sirhindi and his Mughal Army which was later overrun outside Sirhind, by 36,000 Sikh rebels led by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, who plundered Lahore and the upper Doab.[4][5]
Death[edit | edit source]
Zain Khan Sirhindi was defeated and killed by the Sikhs in the Battle of Sirhind (1764).[6][7]
Descendants[edit | edit source]
Zain Khan was originally from the Khan Khel (family) of Tarakzaī[8] Lalpura Mohmands. His direct descendants are traced in the book "The Mohmands" by W. R. H. Merk. Most influential of them are the ones descended from the four sons of Nauroz Khan, who migrated to Peshawar.
Most influential member of the family is Khan Tahir Zaman Khan, who is living in Peshawar and has khani over lalpura.[citation needed]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ www.DiscoverSikhism.com. History Of The Sikhs Vol. II Evolution Of Sikh Confederacies (1707-69).
- ↑ Singh, Ganda. Ahmad Shah Durrani Father of modern Afghanistan. p. 291.
- ↑ Singh, Harbans. The Encyclopedia of Sikhism. Vol. 4: S-Z. Punjabi University, Patiala. pp. 395–397.
- ↑ "Marathas and the English Company 1707-1818 by Sanderson Beck". san.beck.org. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
- ↑ Chhabra, G.S. (2005). Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803). Lotus Press. p. 36. ISBN 9788189093068. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
- ↑ Ganḍā, Singh (1959). Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan. Asia Pub. House. p. 285. ISBN 978-1-4021-7278-6. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
- ↑ Bhagata, Siṅgha (1993). A History of the Sikh Misals. Publication Bureau, Punjabi University. p. 181.
...
- ↑ State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: Reign of Amir Dost Mohammad Khan by Christine Nicole (2012)
7. The Sikh Encyclopedia
8. A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West ..., Volume 3 Page 126
9. W R H Merk - "The Mohmands"
10. Captain E.G.G. Hastings - Page 112 of Report of the regular settlement of the Peshawar district of the Punjab 1878
11. State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan
12. Hari Ram Gupta - Page 168 of History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh confederacies, 1708-1769 (3rd rev. ed. 1978)
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