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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}} | ||
{{Short description| | {{Short description|Chief consort of Mughal Emperor Jahangir}} | ||
{{Infobox royalty | {{Infobox royalty | ||
|name | | name = Shah Begum | ||
|title | | title = [[Princess|Rajkumari]] of Kingdom of Amber | ||
| image = | | image = Shahbegum1.jpg | ||
|succession | | succession = | ||
|predecessor = | | predecessor = | ||
|successor | | successor = | ||
|caption | | caption = French Engraving of Shah Begum at [[Victoria Memorial, Kolkata]] | ||
|birth_name | | birth_name = Manbhawati Bai | ||
|birth_date | | birth_date = {{circa}} 1570 | ||
|birth_place = [[Amer, India| | | birth_place = [[Amer, India|Amber]], [[Amber Kingdom]], [[Mughal Empire]] <br/> (modern-day [[Rajasthan]], [[India]]) | ||
|death_date | | death_date = {{death date and age|1605|5|5|1570|df=yes}} | ||
|death_place = [[ | | death_place = Allahabad, [[Awadh Subah]], [[Mughal Empire]] <br/>(modern-day [[Prayagraj]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India) | ||
|consort | | consort = yes | ||
|spouse | | spouse = {{marriage|[[Jahangir]]<br/>|13 February 1585}} | ||
|issue | | issue = {{plainlist| | ||
|house | *[[Sultan-un-Nissa Begum]] | ||
|father | *[[Khusrau Mirza]]}} | ||
|mother | | house = [[Kacchwaha]] (by birth)<br />[[Timurid Dynasty|Timurid]] (by marriage) | ||
| father = [[Raja Bhagwant Das]] | |||
| mother = | |||
| image_size = 200px | | image_size = 200px | ||
| | | burial_place = [[Khusro Bagh|Khusrau Bagh]], [[Allahabad]] | ||
|religion | | religion = [[Hinduism]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Shah Begum''' ({{ | '''Shah Begum''' ({{lit|royal lady}}; {{circa}} 1570{{Citation needed|date=May 2022}} – 5 May 1605) was the first wife and chief consort of Prince Salim (later Emperor [[Jahangir]]). She was known as Zan-i-Kalan being the first wife of Salim. She was a Hindu princess by birth and committed suicide shortly before the succession of her husband to the royal throne.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ranasafvi |date=2020-05-14 |title=Shah Begum's Cenotaph in Khusrau Bagh, Allahabad |url=https://ranasafvi.com/shah-begums-cenotaph-in-khusrau-bagh-allahabad/ |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Rana Safvi |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarin |first=Hemant |date=2019-03-19 |title=Shah Begum's Tomb in Allahabad {{!}} #TheseMughalWomen |url=https://www.theheritagelab.in/shah-begum-tomb/ |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=The Heritage Lab |language=en}}</ref> She was the mother of the eldest daughter and son of Prince Salim, [[Sultan-un-Nissa Begum]] and [[Khusrau Mirza]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-05-25 |title=An impressive empress |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/magazine/an-impressive-empress/article4746049.ece/ |access-date=2024-09-20 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> | ||
==Family== | ==Family== | ||
'''Manbhawati Bai''', known popularly as | '''Manbhawati Bai''',<ref>{{Cite book |last=Others |first=Muzaffar H. Syed & |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=US5gEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA138 |title=History of Indian Nation : Medieval India |date=2022-02-20 |publisher=K. K. Publications |pages=138 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Shams |first=Iftekhar Ahmed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=poGsEAAAQBAJ |title=The Kingdom of the Moghuls: the rulers, who created history |date=2023-02-07 |publisher=Dr. Iftekhar Ahmed Shams |isbn=979-8-4494-7693-7 |pages=66, 133–134 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Fisher |first=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bhKMDwAAQBAJ |title=A Short History of the Mughal Empire |date=2015-10-01 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-85772-777-0 |pages=87, 145–147 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dhir |first=Krishna S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jVx6EAAAQBAJ |title=The Wonder That Is Urdu |date=2022-01-01 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-4301-1 |language=en |trans-title=87, 90, 93}}</ref> known popularly as ''Man Bai'',<ref>{{cite book|first=Ishwari|last=Prasad|title=The Mughal Empire|publisher=Chugh Publications|year=1974|pages=294}}</ref> was the daughter of Raja Bhagwant Das, the ruler of Amer.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Proceedings of the Indian History Congress - Volume 64|publisher=Indian History Congress|year=2004|pages=598}}</ref> She was a sister of Raja Madho Das and daughter-in-law of Mariam-uz-Zamani.<ref>{{cite book|first=Jorge|last=Flores|title=The Mughal Padshah: A Jesuit Treatise on Emperor Jahangir's Court and Household |publisher=Brill|date=20 November 2015|pages=91 n. 23|isbn=978-9-004-30753-7}}</ref> | ||
When she was young, Man Bai's was betrothed to her 15-year-old first cousin Prince Selim, a match arranged by his mother [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]], consort of Emperor [[Akbar]] and her father, Mariam's brother [[Bhagwant Das|Rajah Bhagwan Das Kacchwaha]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mehta |first1=Jaswant Lal |title=Advance Study in the history of Medieval India:Mughal Empire |publisher=Sterling Publisher Private Limited |year=1984 |isbn=978-81-207-1015-3|volume=II|page=411}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Muni|last=Lal| title=Mughal Glory|publisher=Konark Publishers, Delhi|year=1988|isbn=8122000762| page=87}}</ref> Man Bai was considered a desirable bride, endowed with beauty, grace, and high ideals as well as royal lineage.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Beveridge |first=H. |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.55650 |title=The Akbarnama Of Abul Fazl Vol. 3 |date=1907 |pages=678 |quote=At this time it was represented to H.M. that Rajah Bhagwan Das Kacwaha, who held high office, and who had lofty lineage and abilities, had a daughter whose purity adorned her high extraction, and was endowed with beauty and graces ; and that it was the wish of her family that she should be united to the prince.}}</ref> | |||
The | The marriage settlement was fixed at twenty million [[History of the taka|tankas]].<ref>{{cite book|first=P. N|last=Ojha|title=North Indian social life during Mughal period|publisher=Oriental Publishers & Distributors|year=1975|pages=131}}</ref> As the Imperial procession travelled along roads covered with rare and choice cloth, the Emperor scattered gold and jewels over the bridal litter. To honour her household, Akbar and Salim themselves carried the bride's palanquin on their own shoulders for some distance.{{sfn|Prasad|1930|p=29-30}} Mariam Zamani presented the couple with gifts valued at ₹12,000,000.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lal|first=Muni|title=Mughal Glory|publisher=Konark Publishers Pvt Ltd|date=1988|page=87}}</ref> | ||
The couple | The couple had two children, Sultan-un-Nissa Begum (25 April 1586 and died on 5 September 1646)<ref>{{cite book|first1=Emperor |last1=Jahangir|first2=Wheeler McIntosh|last2=Thackston|title=The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|url=https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha |publisher=Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha/page/7 7] n. 20, 29 n. 36|isbn=978-0-19-512718-8 }}</ref> and a son, [[Khusrau Mirza]] (16 August 1587 – 26 January 1622). On the birth of her son, birth, Man Bai was bestowed the prestigious title of ''Shah Begum'' meaning "royal lady".<ref>{{cite book|first=S. R.|last=Sharma|title=Mughal Empire In India: A Systematic Study Including Source Material, Volume 2|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|year=1999|pages=310|isbn=978-8-171-56818-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Nicoll, Fergus|author-link=Fergus Nicoll|title=Shah Jahan: The Rise and Fall of the Mughal Emperor|publisher=Penguin Books India|year=2009|pages=26|isbn=978-0-670-08303-9}}</ref> | ||
With her fidelity and sincere devotion to Jahangir, she won a special place in his heart. Jahangir was extremely fond of her and had her designated as his chief consort, and he wrote of his attachment and affection for her in his memoirs.<ref name=Beveridge1909>{{cite book|title = The Tūzuk-i-Jahāngīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr, Volume 2|year=1909|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society, London|editor-first=Alexander|editor-last=Rogers|editor-first2= Henry|editor-last2=Beveridge|page=13}}</ref> | |||
==Death== | ==Death== | ||
Shah Begum | [[File:Allahabad, Khusru bagh, Shah Begum tomb 2015-11-12.jpg|thumb|[[Khusro Bagh|Khusru bagh]], Shah Begum tomb, in [[Prayagraj]].]] | ||
By 1605, Shah Begum's son Khusrau Mirza was in open rebellion against his father, Akbar's rule, as was her own brother, Madho Singh. Shah Begum, who suffered from periodic from bouts of madness tried to encourage Khusrau's loyalty to his father. In the end, she was unable to cope with the conflict. She took a fatal overdose of opium on 5 May, 1605.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Emperor |last1=Jahangir|first2=Wheeler McIntosh|last2=Thackston|title=The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|url=https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha |publisher=Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha/page/51 51]|isbn=978-0-19-512718-8 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|publisher=Cambridge University Press for the Royal Asiatic Society|year=1907|pages=604}}</ref> | |||
[[Jahangir]] was devastated by her death.<ref>{{cite book|first=Guru|last=Dutt|title=Ganga ki Dhara|isbn=9386336065|page=79}}</ref> He ordered the construction of her tomb by Aqa Reza, the principal artist at Allahabad court. The tomb, located in [[Khusro Bagh|Khusrau Bagh]], Allahabad, was completed in 1606-07.<ref>{{cite book|first=Catherine B.|last=Asher|title=Architecture of Mughal India, Part 1, Volume 4|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=24 September 1992|pages=104|isbn=978-0-521-26728-1}}</ref> | |||
== Issue == | == Issue == | ||
With Jahangir, Shah Begum had at least two children: | With Jahangir, Shah Begum had at least two children: | ||
*Sultan-un-Nissa (25 April 1586, Mughal Empire – 5 September 1646, Mughal Empire, buried in Tomb of Akbar, Sikandar, Agra) | *[[Sultan-un-Nissa Begum|Sultan-un-Nissa]] (25 April 1586, Mughal Empire – 5 September 1646, Mughal Empire, buried in Tomb of Akbar, Sikandar, Agra) | ||
*[[Khusrau Mirza]] (16 August 1587, Lahore, Mughal Empire – 26 January 1622, Deccan, Mughal Empire, buried in Mausoleum of Khusrau Mirza, Khusro Bagh, Allahabad) | *[[Khusrau Mirza]] (16 August 1587, Lahore, Mughal Empire – 26 January 1622, Deccan, Mughal Empire, buried in Mausoleum of Khusrau Mirza, Khusro Bagh, Allahabad) | ||
==In popular culture== | ==In popular culture== | ||
*[[Krutika Desai Khan]] essayed her role in the Indian television series [[Noorjahan (TV series)|''Noorjahan'']], on [[Doordarshan]]. | *[[Krutika Desai Khan]] essayed her role in the Indian television series [[Noorjahan (TV series)|''Noorjahan'']], on [[Doordarshan]]. | ||
*[[Neetha Shetty]] portrayed Shah Begum in [[EPIC (TV channel)|EPIC]] channel | *[[Neetha Shetty]] portrayed Shah Begum in [[EPIC (TV channel)|EPIC]] channel ''[[Siyaasat]]'' (based on the ''Twentieth Wife''). | ||
*Heli Daruwala portrayed her role in [[Colors TV|Colors]] Channel's [[Dastaan-E-Mohabbat Salim Anarkali]] | *Heli Daruwala portrayed her role in [[Colors TV|Colors]] Channel's [[Dastaan-E-Mohabbat Salim Anarkali]] | ||
*[[Jyotsna Chandola]] portrayed her role in [[Jodha Akbar]] on [[Zee TV]]. | *[[Jyotsna Chandola]] portrayed her role in [[Jodha Akbar]] on [[Zee TV]]. | ||
*Anushka Luhar portrayed Man Bai in [[ZEE5|ZEE5's]] web series [[Taj: Divided by Blood]]. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Kingdom of Amber]] | *[[Kingdom of Amber]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Khusro Bagh]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
== | ==Bibliography== | ||
*{{cite book|first=Beni|last=Prasad|title=History of Jahangir|publisher=The Indian Press, LTD, | *{{cite book|first=Beni|last=Prasad|title=History of Jahangir|publisher=The Indian Press, LTD, Allahabad|year=1930}} | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Begum, Shah}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Begum, Shah}} | ||
[[Category:1570s births]] | [[Category:1570s births]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1605 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Indian Hindus]] | [[Category:Indian Hindus]] | ||
[[Category:People from Jaipur]] | [[Category:People from Jaipur]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:16th-century Mughal Empire people]] | ||
[[Category:16th-century Indian women]] | [[Category:16th-century Indian women]] | ||
[[Category:Wives of Jahangir]] | [[Category:Wives of Jahangir]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Rajput princesses]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Royalty who died by suicide]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:10, 20 March 2026
| Shah Begum | |
|---|---|
| Rajkumari of Kingdom of Amber | |
 French Engraving of Shah Begum at Victoria Memorial, Kolkata | |
| Born | Manbhawati Bai c. 1570 Amber, Amber Kingdom, Mughal Empire (modern-day Rajasthan, India) |
| Died | 5 May 1605 (aged 34–35) Allahabad, Awadh Subah, Mughal Empire (modern-day Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India) |
| Burial | |
| Spouse | |
| Issue | |
| House | Kacchwaha (by birth) Timurid (by marriage) |
| Father | Raja Bhagwant Das |
| Religion | Hinduism |
Shah Begum (lit. 'royal lady'; c. 1570[citation needed] – 5 May 1605) was the first wife and chief consort of Prince Salim (later Emperor Jahangir). She was known as Zan-i-Kalan being the first wife of Salim. She was a Hindu princess by birth and committed suicide shortly before the succession of her husband to the royal throne.[1][2] She was the mother of the eldest daughter and son of Prince Salim, Sultan-un-Nissa Begum and Khusrau Mirza.[3]
Family[edit | edit source]
Manbhawati Bai,[4][5][6][7] known popularly as Man Bai,[8] was the daughter of Raja Bhagwant Das, the ruler of Amer.[9] She was a sister of Raja Madho Das and daughter-in-law of Mariam-uz-Zamani.[10]
When she was young, Man Bai's was betrothed to her 15-year-old first cousin Prince Selim, a match arranged by his mother Mariam-uz-Zamani, consort of Emperor Akbar and her father, Mariam's brother Rajah Bhagwan Das Kacchwaha.[11][12] Man Bai was considered a desirable bride, endowed with beauty, grace, and high ideals as well as royal lineage.[13]
The marriage settlement was fixed at twenty million tankas.[14] As the Imperial procession travelled along roads covered with rare and choice cloth, the Emperor scattered gold and jewels over the bridal litter. To honour her household, Akbar and Salim themselves carried the bride's palanquin on their own shoulders for some distance.[15] Mariam Zamani presented the couple with gifts valued at ₹12,000,000.[16]
The couple had two children, Sultan-un-Nissa Begum (25 April 1586 and died on 5 September 1646)[17] and a son, Khusrau Mirza (16 August 1587 – 26 January 1622). On the birth of her son, birth, Man Bai was bestowed the prestigious title of Shah Begum meaning "royal lady".[18][19]
With her fidelity and sincere devotion to Jahangir, she won a special place in his heart. Jahangir was extremely fond of her and had her designated as his chief consort, and he wrote of his attachment and affection for her in his memoirs.[20]
Death[edit | edit source]
By 1605, Shah Begum's son Khusrau Mirza was in open rebellion against his father, Akbar's rule, as was her own brother, Madho Singh. Shah Begum, who suffered from periodic from bouts of madness tried to encourage Khusrau's loyalty to his father. In the end, she was unable to cope with the conflict. She took a fatal overdose of opium on 5 May, 1605.[21][22]
Jahangir was devastated by her death.[23] He ordered the construction of her tomb by Aqa Reza, the principal artist at Allahabad court. The tomb, located in Khusrau Bagh, Allahabad, was completed in 1606-07.[24]
Issue[edit | edit source]
With Jahangir, Shah Begum had at least two children:
- Sultan-un-Nissa (25 April 1586, Mughal Empire – 5 September 1646, Mughal Empire, buried in Tomb of Akbar, Sikandar, Agra)
- Khusrau Mirza (16 August 1587, Lahore, Mughal Empire – 26 January 1622, Deccan, Mughal Empire, buried in Mausoleum of Khusrau Mirza, Khusro Bagh, Allahabad)
In popular culture[edit | edit source]
- Krutika Desai Khan essayed her role in the Indian television series Noorjahan, on Doordarshan.
- Neetha Shetty portrayed Shah Begum in EPIC channel Siyaasat (based on the Twentieth Wife).
- Heli Daruwala portrayed her role in Colors Channel's Dastaan-E-Mohabbat Salim Anarkali
- Jyotsna Chandola portrayed her role in Jodha Akbar on Zee TV.
- Anushka Luhar portrayed Man Bai in ZEE5's web series Taj: Divided by Blood.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ ranasafvi (14 May 2020). "Shah Begum's Cenotaph in Khusrau Bagh, Allahabad". Rana Safvi. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
- ↑ Sarin, Hemant (19 March 2019). "Shah Begum's Tomb in Allahabad | #TheseMughalWomen". The Heritage Lab. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
- ↑ "An impressive empress". The Hindu. 25 May 2013. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
- ↑ Others, Muzaffar H. Syed & (20 February 2022). History of Indian Nation : Medieval India. K. K. Publications. p. 138.
- ↑ Shams, Iftekhar Ahmed (7 February 2023). The Kingdom of the Moghuls: the rulers, who created history. Dr. Iftekhar Ahmed Shams. pp. 66, 133–134. ISBN 979-8-4494-7693-7.
- ↑ Fisher, Michael (1 October 2015). A Short History of the Mughal Empire. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 87, 145–147. ISBN 978-0-85772-777-0.
- ↑ Dhir, Krishna S. (1 January 2022). The Wonder That Is Urdu [87, 90, 93]. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-4301-1.
- ↑ Prasad, Ishwari (1974). The Mughal Empire. Chugh Publications. p. 294.
- ↑ The Proceedings of the Indian History Congress - Volume 64. Indian History Congress. 2004. p. 598.
- ↑ Flores, Jorge (20 November 2015). The Mughal Padshah: A Jesuit Treatise on Emperor Jahangir's Court and Household. Brill. pp. 91 n. 23. ISBN 978-9-004-30753-7.
- ↑ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1984). Advance Study in the history of Medieval India:Mughal Empire. Vol. II. Sterling Publisher Private Limited. p. 411. ISBN 978-81-207-1015-3.
- ↑ Lal, Muni (1988). Mughal Glory. Konark Publishers, Delhi. p. 87. ISBN 8122000762.
- ↑ Beveridge, H. (1907). The Akbarnama Of Abul Fazl Vol. 3. p. 678.
At this time it was represented to H.M. that Rajah Bhagwan Das Kacwaha, who held high office, and who had lofty lineage and abilities, had a daughter whose purity adorned her high extraction, and was endowed with beauty and graces ; and that it was the wish of her family that she should be united to the prince.
- ↑ Ojha, P. N (1975). North Indian social life during Mughal period. Oriental Publishers & Distributors. p. 131.
- ↑ Prasad 1930, p. 29-30.
- ↑ Lal, Muni (1988). Mughal Glory. Konark Publishers Pvt Ltd. p. 87.
- ↑ Jahangir, Emperor; Thackston, Wheeler McIntosh (1999). The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India. Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 7 n. 20, 29 n. 36. ISBN 978-0-19-512718-8.
- ↑ Sharma, S. R. (1999). Mughal Empire In India: A Systematic Study Including Source Material, Volume 2. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 310. ISBN 978-8-171-56818-5.
- ↑ Nicoll, Fergus (2009). Shah Jahan: The Rise and Fall of the Mughal Emperor. Penguin Books India. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-670-08303-9.
- ↑ Rogers, Alexander; Beveridge, Henry, eds. (1909). The Tūzuk-i-Jahāngīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr, Volume 2. Royal Asiatic Society, London. p. 13.
- ↑ Jahangir, Emperor; Thackston, Wheeler McIntosh (1999). The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India. Freer Gallery of Art and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 51. ISBN 978-0-19-512718-8.
- ↑ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Cambridge University Press for the Royal Asiatic Society. 1907. p. 604.
- ↑ Dutt, Guru. Ganga ki Dhara. p. 79. ISBN 9386336065.
- ↑ Asher, Catherine B. (24 September 1992). Architecture of Mughal India, Part 1, Volume 4. Cambridge University Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-521-26728-1.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Prasad, Beni (1930). History of Jahangir. The Indian Press, LTD, Allahabad.