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{{short description|1998 Tamil action crime film by Ramesh Selvan}}
{{short description|1998 Tamil action film by Ramesh Selvan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name          = Ulavuthurai
| image          = Ulavuthurai.jpg
| image          =  
| caption        = Poster
| image_size    =
| director      = [[S. D. Ramesh Selvan|D. S. Ramesh Selvan]]
| caption        =  
| screenplay    = D. S. Ramesh Selvan
| director      = [[Ramesh Selvan]]
| producer      =  [[Ibrahim Rowther|A.S. Ibrahim Rowther]] (presenter) <br/> Vijay Prabhakaran
 
| writer        = [[Liaquat Ali Khan (director)|Liaquat Ali Khan]]
| screenplay    = Ramesh Selvan
| story          = [[Balu Anand]]
| story          = [[Balu Anand]]
| producer      =  [[Ibrahim Rowther|A.S. Ibrahim Rowther]] (presenter) <br /> Vijay Prabhakaran
| starring      = {{ubl|[[Vijayakanth]]|[[Meena (actress)|Meena]]|[[Sanghavi]]}}
| starring      = {{ubl|[[Vijayakanth]]|[[Meena (actress)|Meena]]|[[Sanghavi]]}}
| music          = Shah
| cinematography = Rajarajan
| cinematography = Rajarajan
| editing        = G. Gopinath
| editing        = G. Gopinath
| music          = Shah
| studio        = I. V. Cine Arts
| distributor    = [[Lakshmi Movie Makers]]
| distributor    = [[Lakshmi Movie Makers]]
| studio        = I. V. Cine Arts
| released      = {{Film date|df=y|1998|01|14}}
| released      = {{Film date|df=y|1998|01|14}}
| runtime        = 163 minutes
| runtime        = 163 minutes
Line 25: Line 21:
}}
}}


'''''Ulavuthurai''''' is a 1998 [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[action crime film]] directed by [[Ramesh Selvan]]. The film stars [[Vijayakanth]], [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] and [[Sanghavi]], with [[Radha Ravi]], [[Janagaraj]], Carlos, Jassi Singh, and [[Hemanth Ravan]], among others, play supporting roles. The film, produced by Vijay Prabhakaran, had musical score by newcomer Shah and was released on 14 January 1998. The film was Vijayakanth's 125th film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/newfilmdb.cgi?name=ulavuthurai|title=Filmography of ulavuthurai|access-date=2012-07-13|publisher=cinesouth.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/Specials/97/Nov/deepavali/deepavali2.htm|title=Guest List|access-date=2012-07-13|publisher=indolink.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oocities.org/hollywood/Set/1876/inde.htm|title=Minnoviyam Gamut - Vijayakanth - The Hero of the Masses|access-date=2012-07-13|publisher=oocities.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reocities.com/Hollywood/Lot/2330/gcrapril.htm|title=GOKUL'S HOME PAGE|access-date=2012-07-13|publisher=reocities.com}}</ref>
'''''Ulavuthurai''''' ({{Translation|Vigilance department}}) is a 1998 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[action film]] directed by [[S. D. Ramesh Selvan|D. S. Ramesh Selvan]]. The film stars [[Vijayakanth]], [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] and [[Sanghavi]], with [[Radha Ravi]], [[Janagaraj]], Carlos, Jassi Singh, and [[Hemanth Ravan]], among others, play supporting roles. It was released on 14 January 1998,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 December 2002 |title=நட்சத்திர படப் பட்டியல் |url=https://ibb.co/cTSgjhM |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202064212/https://ibb.co/cTSgjhM |archive-date=2 February 2024 |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=[[Cinema Express]] |pages=41–43 |language=Ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ulavuthurai ( 1998 ) |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/newfilmdb.cgi?name=ulavuthurai |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060603043537/http://cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/newfilmdb.cgi?name=ulavuthurai |archive-date=3 June 2006 |access-date=13 July 2012 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref> and failed at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GOKUL'S TAMIL MOVIE REVIEWS |url=http://www.reocities.com/Hollywood/Lot/2330/gcrapril.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924112752/http://www.reocities.com/Hollywood/Lot/2330/gcrapril.htm |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=13 July 2012 |website=reocities.com}}</ref>


==Plot==
== Plot ==
Several people die mysteriously in the sea, so the navy looks for its best officer Vasanth Periyasamy ([[Vijayakanth]]) to investigate the case. Vasanth Periyasamy changes his identity into Krishnamoorthy. He is now a car driver and lives in disguise for his family's sake. In the past, he was married to the illiterate Meena ([[Meena (actress)|Meena]]) and has a daughter named Priya ([[Nancy Jennifer|Baby Jennifer]]). One day, a terrorist (Hemanth Ravan) kidnapped Meena and threatened to kill her if Vasanth Periyasamy does not release his partners in jail. Meena was then killed in the rescue mission, and the terrorists were released because of corrupt naval officers. The Department of the Navy then sent Vasanth to jail, so Vasanth Periyasamy decides to forget the navy and becomes a simple car driver in disguise. The navy then finds Vasanth Periyasamy and compels him to join them. He finally accepts to solve this odd affair and investigate the sea murders.
[[Commodore (India)|Commodore]] Vasanth Periyasamy (Vijayakanth) is a highly respected officer in the [[Indian Navy]], known for his dedication, discipline, and unwavering sense of duty. His life, however, takes a tragic turn when his wife Meena (Meena) is kidnapped by a terrorist group seeking the release of their incarcerated comrades. In a tense negotiation led by the authorities, the exchange is carried out, but things go awry during the operation, leading to Meena’s untimely death. To Vasanth’s shock, the mission is sabotaged from within, and several corrupt senior naval officials are complicit in the betrayal.


==Cast==
Following this incident, Vasanth becomes the target of a conspiracy orchestrated by the same corrupt officials. Branded a traitor and wrongfully imprisoned, he is stripped of his rank and honor. Disillusioned and heartbroken, he adopts a new identity—Krishnamoorthy, a humble car driver—choosing anonymity over the scars of his past. He begins a quiet life, distancing himself from his former role in the armed forces.
{{colbegin}}
 
*[[Vijayakanth]] as Commodore Vasanth Periyasamy (Krishnamoorthy)
Years later, a series of mysterious and fatal incidents involving naval officers at sea draws the attention of the intelligence bureau. With no clear answers and national security at stake, the government discreetly approaches Vasanth to return to service and investigate the unfolding crisis. Initially reluctant, he eventually agrees, compelled by a renewed sense of duty and the opportunity to seek justice for his wife’s death and the wrongs he endured.
*[[Meena (actress)|Meena]] as Meena
 
Operating covertly under his assumed identity, Vasanth begins unraveling a complex web of sabotage and corruption within the Navy. His investigation reveals a dangerous nexus involving international smugglers, arms dealers, and high-ranking officials who are exploiting naval operations for personal gain. As he gets closer to the truth, Vasanth must also protect his now-teenaged daughter, who is unaware of her father’s true identity and past.
 
The film culminates in a high-stakes confrontation at sea, where Vasanth exposes the culprits and clears his name. With honor restored and justice served, he reclaims his rightful place in the Navy, but chooses to continue living a humble life, driven not by rank or recognition, but by the values he has always upheld.
 
== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
*[[Vijayakanth]] as [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]] Vasanth Periyasamy (Krishnamoorthy)
*[[Meena (actress)|Meena]] as Meena (Extended Cameo)
*[[Sanghavi]] as Sangeetha
*[[Sanghavi]] as Sangeetha
*[[Radha Ravi]] as Home Minister Jaidev
*[[Radha Ravi]] as [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister]] Jaidev (Guest Appearance)
*[[Janagaraj]] as Duraisamy
*[[Janagaraj]] as Duraisamy
*[[Hemanth Ravan]] as Terrorist
*[[Hemanth Ravan]] as [[Terrorist]]
*Carlos as Terrorist
*Carlos as Terrorist
*Jassi Singh as Terrorist
*Jassi Singh as Terrorist
Line 45: Line 49:
*[[Charuhasan]] as Sangeetha's grandfather
*[[Charuhasan]] as Sangeetha's grandfather
*[[Fathima Babu]] as Sangeetha's mother
*[[Fathima Babu]] as Sangeetha's mother
*[[Mohan Raman]] as Venkatraman
*[[Mohan Raman]] as Venkatraman (Guest Appearance)
*[[Ajay Rathnam]] as Ajay
*[[Ajay Rathnam]] as Ajay
*[[Balu Anand]] as Neurotic
*[[Balu Anand]] as Neurotic
Line 53: Line 57:
*[[Prathapachandran]]
*[[Prathapachandran]]
*Laxmi Rattan as Sharma
*Laxmi Rattan as Sharma
*Vincent Roy as Police inspector
*Vincent Roy as [[Inspector|Police inspector]]
*Kallukkul Eeram Ramanathan as Marimuthu
*Kallukkul Eeram Ramanathan as Marimuthu
*[[K. Rajan (producer)]] as Rajaram
*[[K. Rajan (producer)|K. Rajan]] as Rajaram
*[[Boys Rajan|Rajan]]
*[[Pawan (actor)|Pawan]] as dancer in song "Kandu Pidithaya" (uncredited)<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://youtube.com/duqCzbifUUw?si=Mcr6D2phTTjbEIWy |title=Kandu Piditthaya 4K Video Song {{!}} Ulavuthurai Movie Songs {{!}} Shah {{!}} Vijayakanth, Meena {{!}} Vairamuthu |date=23 October 2025|access-date=24 October 2025|publisher=Pyramid Audio|time=1:05 to 1:08}}</ref>
{{colend}}
}}
 
==Soundtrack==


{{Infobox album
== Production ==
| name      = Ulavuthurai
''Ulavuthurai'' is the directorial debut of Ramesh Selvan,<ref>{{Cite web |last=V |first=Sankaran |date=22 March 2024 |title=கேப்டனால் அறிமுகமான இயக்குனர்!.. ஓபனிங் மாஸாக இருந்தும் பிக்அப் ஆகாமல் போன காரணம் என்ன?.. |url=https://cinereporters.com/the-director-who-was-introduced-by-the-captain-what-is-the-reason-for-not-picking-up-even-though-it-was-the-opening-mass/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240824013017/https://cinereporters.com/the-director-who-was-introduced-by-the-captain-what-is-the-reason-for-not-picking-up-even-though-it-was-the-opening-mass/ |archive-date=24 August 2024 |access-date=24 August 2024 |website=CineReporters |language=Ta}}</ref> and Vijayakanth's 125th film as an actor. It is the first Tamil film to have scenes shot underwater.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Guess' List!!! |url=http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/Specials/97/Nov/deepavali/deepavali2.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234126/http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/Specials/97/Nov/deepavali/deepavali2.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=13 July 2012 |website=Indolink}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kummar |first=S. R. Ashok |date=16 January 1998 |title=Impressive line-up of Tamil films |url=http://webpage.com/hindu/daily/980116/09/09160225.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980118015425/http://webpage.com/hindu/daily/980116/09/09160225.htm |archive-date=18 January 1998 |access-date=4 July 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]] |pages=26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hero of the Masses |url=http://www.oocities.org/hollywood/Set/1876/inde.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201214646/http://www.oocities.org/hollywood/Set/1876/inde.htm |archive-date=1 February 2014 |access-date=13 July 2012 |website=oocities.org}}</ref>
| type      = [[soundtrack]]
| artist    = Shah
| cover      =
| alt        =
| released  = 1998
| recorded  = 1997
| venue      =
| studio    =
| genre      = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length    = 26:16
| label      =
| producer  = Shah
| prev_title =
| prev_year  =
| next_title =
| next_year  =
}}


The film score and the soundtrack were composed by Shah. The soundtrack, released in 1998, features 6 tracks with lyrics written by [[Vairamuthu]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/movie/T0000953.html|title=Ulavuthurai Songs|access-date=2012-07-13|website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.muzigle.com/album/ulavuthurai#!album/ulavuthurai|title=Ulavuthurai By Shah|access-date=2012-07-13|publisher=muzigle.com}}</ref>
== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by Shah, with lyrics written by [[Vairamuthu]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ulavuthurai (1998) |url=https://www.raaga.com/tamil/movie/ulavuthurai-songs-T0000953 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529040646/https://www.raaga.com/tamil/movie/ulavuthurai-songs-T0000953 |archive-date=29 May 2023 |access-date=29 May 2023 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ulavuthurai, Kadhalukku Mariyathai Tamil Audio CDs By Ilaiyaraaja |url=https://www.vintageav.shop/product/ulavuthurai-kadhalukku-mariyathai-tamil-audio-cds-by-ilaiyaraaja/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307083956/https://www.vintageav.shop/product/ulavuthurai-kadhalukku-mariyathai-tamil-audio-cds-by-ilaiyaraaja/ |archive-date=7 March 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024 |website=VintageAV.shop}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Track !! Song !! Singer(s) !! Duration
! Song !! Singer(s) !! Duration
|-
|-
|1 || "Meena un Kannukulle" || [[K. S. Chithra]], [[Mano (singer)|Mano]] || 5:09
| "Meena un Kannukulle" || [[K. S. Chithra]], [[Mano (singer)|Mano]] || 5:09
|-
|-
|2 || "Kandu Piditthaya" || [[Swarnalatha]] || 4:23
| "Kandu Piditthaya" || [[Swarnalatha]] || 4:23
|-
|-
|3 || "Love Love" || [[Annupamaa]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]  || 4:47
| "Love Love" || [[Annupamaa]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]  || 4:47
|-
|-
|4 || "Naadu Nam Naadu" || Mano || 1:43
| "Naadu Nam Naadu" || Mano || 1:43
|-
|-
|5 || "Nitham Uzhaikindra" || [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] || 4:58
| "Nitham Uzhaikindra" || [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] || 4:58
|-
|-
|6 || "Ullatthai Thirandhu" || K. S. Chithra, [[Madhu Balakrishnan]] || 5:16
| "Ullatthai Thirandhu" || K. S. Chithra, [[Madhu Balakrishnan]] || 5:16
|}
|}


==References==
== Reception ==
Ji of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' wrote this film is a treat for action lovers otherwise for people who except Vijayakanth from ''[[Chinna Gounder]]'' and ''[[Vaidehi Kathirunthal]]'' will end up getting different kind of alva.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=ஜி |date=8 February 1998 |title=உளவுத்துறை |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1998-02-08/page/n33/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230525134850/https://archive.org/details/kalki1998-02-08/page/n33/mode/2up |archive-date=25 May 2023 |access-date=27 May 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=33 |language=ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> D. S. Ramanujam of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote, "Time lag and continuity have been given a go by and barring the last fight on a moving train, where the hero Vijayakanth involves himself in a risky scene, the rest of the action is an oft- repeated routine". He added that "Age is fast catching up with Vijayakanth, but none can fault his performance".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ramanujam |first=D. S. |date=30 January 1998 |title=''Ulavuththurai'' |url=http://webpage.com/hindu/daily/980130/09/09300223.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991021224811/http://webpage.com/hindu/daily/980130/09/09300223.htm |archive-date=21 October 1999 |access-date=3 July 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]] |pages=26}}</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
*{{Rotten Tomatoes}}
[[Category:1998 Indian films]]
[[Category:1998 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1998 action films]]
[[Category:1998 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:1998 films]]
[[Category:1998 films]]
[[Category:1990s Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Films about corruption in India]]
[[Category:Films about terrorism in India]]
[[Category:Films directed by Ramesh Selvan]]
[[Category:Films set on ships]]
[[Category:Films set on ships]]
[[Category:Indian action films]]
[[Category:Indian Navy in films]]
[[Category:Indian Navy in films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Underwater action films]]
[[Category:Underwater action films]]
[[Category:Indian action films]]
[[Category:Films about terrorism in India]]
[[Category:Films directed by Ramesh Selvan]]
[[Category:1998 action films]]

Latest revision as of 10:16, 3 March 2026


Ulavuthurai
Poster
Directed byD. S. Ramesh Selvan
Produced byA.S. Ibrahim Rowther (presenter)
Vijay Prabhakaran
Screenplay byD. S. Ramesh Selvan
Story byBalu Anand
Starring
Music byShah
CinematographyRajarajan
Edited byG. Gopinath
Production
company
I. V. Cine Arts
Distributed byLakshmi Movie Makers
Release date
  • 14 January 1998 (1998-01-14)
Running time
163 minutes
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Ulavuthurai (transl. Vigilance department) is a 1998 Indian Tamil-language action film directed by D. S. Ramesh Selvan. The film stars Vijayakanth, Meena and Sanghavi, with Radha Ravi, Janagaraj, Carlos, Jassi Singh, and Hemanth Ravan, among others, play supporting roles. It was released on 14 January 1998,[1][2] and failed at the box office.[3]

Plot[edit | edit source]

Commodore Vasanth Periyasamy (Vijayakanth) is a highly respected officer in the Indian Navy, known for his dedication, discipline, and unwavering sense of duty. His life, however, takes a tragic turn when his wife Meena (Meena) is kidnapped by a terrorist group seeking the release of their incarcerated comrades. In a tense negotiation led by the authorities, the exchange is carried out, but things go awry during the operation, leading to Meena’s untimely death. To Vasanth’s shock, the mission is sabotaged from within, and several corrupt senior naval officials are complicit in the betrayal.

Following this incident, Vasanth becomes the target of a conspiracy orchestrated by the same corrupt officials. Branded a traitor and wrongfully imprisoned, he is stripped of his rank and honor. Disillusioned and heartbroken, he adopts a new identity—Krishnamoorthy, a humble car driver—choosing anonymity over the scars of his past. He begins a quiet life, distancing himself from his former role in the armed forces.

Years later, a series of mysterious and fatal incidents involving naval officers at sea draws the attention of the intelligence bureau. With no clear answers and national security at stake, the government discreetly approaches Vasanth to return to service and investigate the unfolding crisis. Initially reluctant, he eventually agrees, compelled by a renewed sense of duty and the opportunity to seek justice for his wife’s death and the wrongs he endured.

Operating covertly under his assumed identity, Vasanth begins unraveling a complex web of sabotage and corruption within the Navy. His investigation reveals a dangerous nexus involving international smugglers, arms dealers, and high-ranking officials who are exploiting naval operations for personal gain. As he gets closer to the truth, Vasanth must also protect his now-teenaged daughter, who is unaware of her father’s true identity and past.

The film culminates in a high-stakes confrontation at sea, where Vasanth exposes the culprits and clears his name. With honor restored and justice served, he reclaims his rightful place in the Navy, but chooses to continue living a humble life, driven not by rank or recognition, but by the values he has always upheld.

Cast[edit | edit source]

Production[edit | edit source]

Ulavuthurai is the directorial debut of Ramesh Selvan,[5] and Vijayakanth's 125th film as an actor. It is the first Tamil film to have scenes shot underwater.[6][7][8]

Soundtrack[edit | edit source]

The music was composed by Shah, with lyrics written by Vairamuthu.[9][10]

Song Singer(s) Duration
"Meena un Kannukulle" K. S. Chithra, Mano 5:09
"Kandu Piditthaya" Swarnalatha 4:23
"Love Love" Annupamaa, Harini 4:47
"Naadu Nam Naadu" Mano 1:43
"Nitham Uzhaikindra" S. P. Balasubrahmanyam 4:58
"Ullatthai Thirandhu" K. S. Chithra, Madhu Balakrishnan 5:16

Reception[edit | edit source]

Ji of Kalki wrote this film is a treat for action lovers otherwise for people who except Vijayakanth from Chinna Gounder and Vaidehi Kathirunthal will end up getting different kind of alva.[11] D. S. Ramanujam of The Hindu wrote, "Time lag and continuity have been given a go by and barring the last fight on a moving train, where the hero Vijayakanth involves himself in a risky scene, the rest of the action is an oft- repeated routine". He added that "Age is fast catching up with Vijayakanth, but none can fault his performance".[12]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "நட்சத்திர படப் பட்டியல்". Cinema Express (in தமிழ்). 1 December 2002. pp. 41–43. Archived from the original on 2 February 2024. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  2. ↑ "ulavuthurai ( 1998 )". Cinesouth. Archived from the original on 3 June 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  3. ↑ "GOKUL'S TAMIL MOVIE REVIEWS". reocities.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  4. ↑ Kandu Piditthaya 4K Video Song | Ulavuthurai Movie Songs | Shah | Vijayakanth, Meena | Vairamuthu. Pyramid Audio. 23 October 2025. Event occurs at 1:05 to 1:08. Retrieved 24 October 2025.
  5. ↑ V, Sankaran (22 March 2024). "கேப்டனால் அறிமுகமான இயக்குனர்!.. ஓபனிங் மாஸாக இருந்தும் பிக்அப் ஆகாமல் போன காரணம் என்ன?." CineReporters (in தமிழ்). Archived from the original on 24 August 2024. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  6. ↑ "'Guess' List!!!". Indolink. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  7. ↑ Kummar, S. R. Ashok (16 January 1998). "Impressive line-up of Tamil films". The Hindu. p. 26. Archived from the original on 18 January 1998. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  8. ↑ "The Hero of the Masses". oocities.org. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  9. ↑ "Ulavuthurai (1998)". Raaga.com. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  10. ↑ "Ulavuthurai, Kadhalukku Mariyathai Tamil Audio CDs By Ilaiyaraaja". VintageAV.shop. Archived from the original on 7 March 2024. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  11. ↑ ஜி (8 February 1998). "உளவுத்துறை". Kalki (in தமிழ்). p. 33. Retrieved 27 May 2023 – via Internet Archive.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  12. ↑ Ramanujam, D. S. (30 January 1998). "Ulavuththurai". The Hindu. p. 26. Archived from the original on 21 October 1999. Retrieved 3 July 2023.

External links[edit | edit source]

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