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{{Short description|Holiday in the Jodo Shinshu tradition of Buddhism}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}} | ||
[[file:Tsukiji Honganji Temple Inside 20251113 Ho-onko.jpg|thumb|Hōonkō at [[Tsukiji Hongan-ji|Tsukiji Honganji Temple]]]] | |||
{{Nihongo|'''Hōonkō'''|報恩講}} is a holiday in the | {{Nihongo|'''Hōonkō'''|報恩講}} is a holiday in the [[Jodo Shinshu]] tradition of Buddhism which commemorates the death of its founder, [[Shinran]] Shonin.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Sharf |first1=Robert H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTXqBdtVk9EC |title=Living Images: Japanese Buddhist Icons in Context |last2=Sharf |first2=Elizabeth Horton |date=2001 |publisher=Stanford University Press |isbn=978-0-8047-3989-4 |pages=35–47 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Morioka |first=Kiyomi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wyoPAQAAIAAJ |title=Religion in Changing Japanese Society |date=1975 |publisher=University of Tokyo Press |isbn=978-0-86008-131-9 |pages=85–87 |language=en}}</ref> Depending on whether the old Japanese lunar calendar is used, or the western [[Gregorian calendar]], typically this holiday is observed either in around 28 November (as in the Higashi Honganji) or early January from the 9th to the 16th (as in the Nishi Honganji) respectively. This holiday is among the most important observed in the Jodo Shinshu tradition. The observance began after Shinran's youngest daughter, [[Kakushinni]] {{Nihongo|2=覚信尼|4=1224-1283}}, assumed administration of Shinran's mausoleum, a duty later inherited by her descendants, who ultimately became the [[Monshu]] of Jodo Shinshu.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Amstutz |first=Galen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RlTqDwAAQBAJ |title=Critical Readings on Pure Land Buddhism in Japan: Volume 2 |date=2020-06-08 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-40151-8 |pages=355 |language=en}}</ref> In the word ''hōonkō''; 'hōon' means "return of gratitude" and 'ko' means "to clarify the meaning of" or "gathering"'. | ||
A typical service for Hoonko will consist of reciting Shinran's hymn, the [[Shoshinge]], and a reading from the life of Shinran. Followers will sometimes observe a strict diet that day, preferring to eat ''shōjin ryōri'' or "[[Buddhist cuisine]]", though this is | A typical service for Hoonko will consist of reciting Shinran's hymn, the [[Shoshinge]], and a reading from the life of Shinran. Followers will sometimes observe a strict diet that day, preferring to eat ''shōjin ryōri'' or "[[Buddhist cuisine]]", though this is entirely optional. Temple services will often serve Buddhist cuisine after service, including vegetarian [[Zōni|ozōni]], [[adzuki]], and [[mochi]]. | ||
== History == | |||
In the first decade after the death of Shinran, his grave in the eastern hills of Kyoto known as Otani (now [[Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto|Higashiyama-ku]]) was marked by a simple stone monument with the six [[kanji]] of the ''[[nenbutsu]]''.<ref name=":0" /> At the initiative of Kakushinni, the ashes were moved in 1272.<ref name=":0" /> The new location in Otani was further west, near the original grave of [[Hōnen]], and a small hexagonal chapel was built on land donated by Kakushinni that had belonged to her deceased husband. Yearly ceremonies were celebrated by Shin followers from the beginning of this mausoleum. Shinran's great grandson [[Kakunyo]] was instrumental in establishing the Hōonkō rituals. | |||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
<!--Please do not remove this category until this is sorted into a proper calendar category--> | <!--Please do not remove this category until this is sorted into a proper calendar category--> | ||
Latest revision as of 13:18, 14 February 2026
Hōonkō (報恩講) is a holiday in the Jodo Shinshu tradition of Buddhism which commemorates the death of its founder, Shinran Shonin.[1][2] Depending on whether the old Japanese lunar calendar is used, or the western Gregorian calendar, typically this holiday is observed either in around 28 November (as in the Higashi Honganji) or early January from the 9th to the 16th (as in the Nishi Honganji) respectively. This holiday is among the most important observed in the Jodo Shinshu tradition. The observance began after Shinran's youngest daughter, Kakushinni (覚信尼, 1224-1283), assumed administration of Shinran's mausoleum, a duty later inherited by her descendants, who ultimately became the Monshu of Jodo Shinshu.[1][3] In the word hōonkō; 'hōon' means "return of gratitude" and 'ko' means "to clarify the meaning of" or "gathering"'.
A typical service for Hoonko will consist of reciting Shinran's hymn, the Shoshinge, and a reading from the life of Shinran. Followers will sometimes observe a strict diet that day, preferring to eat shōjin ryōri or "Buddhist cuisine", though this is entirely optional. Temple services will often serve Buddhist cuisine after service, including vegetarian ozōni, adzuki, and mochi.
History[edit | edit source]
In the first decade after the death of Shinran, his grave in the eastern hills of Kyoto known as Otani (now Higashiyama-ku) was marked by a simple stone monument with the six kanji of the nenbutsu.[1] At the initiative of Kakushinni, the ashes were moved in 1272.[1] The new location in Otani was further west, near the original grave of Hōnen, and a small hexagonal chapel was built on land donated by Kakushinni that had belonged to her deceased husband. Yearly ceremonies were celebrated by Shin followers from the beginning of this mausoleum. Shinran's great grandson Kakunyo was instrumental in establishing the Hōonkō rituals.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Sharf, Robert H.; Sharf, Elizabeth Horton (2001). Living Images: Japanese Buddhist Icons in Context. Stanford University Press. pp. 35–47. ISBN 978-0-8047-3989-4.
- ↑ Morioka, Kiyomi (1975). Religion in Changing Japanese Society. University of Tokyo Press. pp. 85–87. ISBN 978-0-86008-131-9.
- ↑ Amstutz, Galen (8 June 2020). Critical Readings on Pure Land Buddhism in Japan: Volume 2. BRILL. p. 355. ISBN 978-90-04-40151-8.
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