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{{Short description|Muslim mystic and preacher (969–1038)}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} | ||
{{Infobox saint | {{Infobox saint | ||
|name = '''Sultan Syed Shah Mutaharuddin Suhrawardi''' | |name = '''Sultan Syed Shah Mutaharuddin Suhrawardi''' | ||
|titles = | |titles = {{Ubl | ||
|image = | | | ||
|'''Tabal-e-Aalam Baadshah''' | |||
|caption = | | '''Nathar Shah Wali''' | ||
| '''Baba-e-Nathar Sarmast Dhool Samandar''' | |||
}} | |||
|image = | |||
|caption = Cave atop small hill where Hazrat Baba Fakhruddin, successor of Nathar Wali had prayed | |||
|birth_name = {{resize|Syed Shah Mutaharuddin}} | |||
|birth_date = 969 [[Common Era|CE]] | |birth_date = 969 [[Common Era|CE]] | ||
|birth_place =[[Anatolia]] | |birth_place =[[Anatolia]] | ||
|death_date = 1038 [[Common Era|CE]] | |death_date = 1038 [[Common Era|CE]] (aged 69) | ||
|death_place = [[Tiruchirapalli]], | |death_place = [[Tiruchirapalli]], Chola Empire | ||
|feast_day = | |feast_day = | ||
|beatified_date = | |beatified_date = | ||
| Line 18: | Line 24: | ||
|canonized_by = | |canonized_by = | ||
|major_shrine = [[Tiruchirapalli]] | |major_shrine = [[Tiruchirapalli]] | ||
|relatives = | |relatives = | ||
|attributes = | |attributes = | ||
|patronage = | |patronage = | ||
|issues= | |issues= Halimah Saadiya (adopted daughter) | ||
|tradition =[[Hanafi|Hanafism]] | |||
|suppressed_date = | |suppressed_date = | ||
|influenced = Abdur Rahman Siddiqi | |influenced = {{Ubl | ||
| Abdur Rahman Siddiqi | |||
| venerated_in = | | [[Baba Fakruddin|Sultan Syed Baba Fakhruddin]] | ||
| Syed Shah Hayder Wali | |||
| [[Nagore Shahul Hamid|Syed Shah Khadir Wali]] | |||
| Syed Rahmatullah Baba | |||
}} | |||
| venerated_in = [[Islam]], especially in the [[Indian subcontinent]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:footview.jpg|thumb| | [[File:footview.jpg|thumb|Holy foot impressions of Baba Fakhruddin, successor of Natahr Wali in Penukonda, AP]] | ||
'''Sultan Syed Shah Mutaharuddin Suhrawardi''' (969–1039),<ref>{{cite book|title=The Preaching of Islam|page=267|first=T. W.|last=Arnold|publisher=Charles Scribner and Sons|year=1896}}</ref> also called | '''Sultan Syed Shah Mutaharuddin Suhrawardi''' (969–1039),<ref>{{cite book|title=The Preaching of Islam|page=267|first=T. W.|last=Arnold|publisher=Charles Scribner and Sons|year=1896}}</ref> also called '''Nathar Wali''' or '''Nadir Shah''', was a [[Muslim]] preacher and [[Mysticism|mystic]] from [[Anatolia]] who in the 9th-10th century moved to [[Tamil Nadu]], India, where he travelled about preaching Islam.<ref name="Khan1985">{{cite book|author=Shafique Ali Khan|title=Two Nation Theory: As a Concept, Strategy and Ideology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e9ggAAAAMAAJ|access-date=15 September 2013|year=1985|publisher=Royal Book Company|page=70}} - ''Nathar Wali (died in 1039) is supposed to be the earliest Muslim Sufi who dedicated his life to Islam in the south''.</ref> He went to [[Tiruchirapalli]] in Tamil Nadu,<ref name="Bayly2004" /><ref name="India1962">{{cite book| author = Numismatic Society of India| title = The journal of the Numismatic Society of India| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qERmAAAAMAAJ| access-date = 4 May 2011| year = 1962| publisher = Numismatic Society of India, P.O. Hindu University. }}</ref> Importantly the tamil warrior community were converted by his preaching are known as [[Rowther|''Ravuttars'']] in [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Kerala]], they are one of the earliest [[Muslims|Muslim]] communities in the region.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pandian |first=Soorian Kasi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B90uj14NHjMC&dq=tiruchirapalli+Ravuttans&pg=PA49 |title=India, That Is, Sidd |date=1996 |publisher=Allied Publishers |isbn=978-81-7023-561-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hiltebeitel |first=Alf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VncomfRVVhoC&dq=Nathar+shah+tiruchirapalli&pg=PA102 |title=The Cult of Draupadī: Mythologies: from Gingee to Kurukṣetra |date=1991 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |isbn=978-81-208-1000-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gandhi |first=Indira |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mHYeAAAAMAAJ&q=tiruchirapalli+Ravuttans |title=Prime Minister Indira Gandhi Speaks on Foreign Policy, 1981 |date=1981 |publisher=External Publicity Division, Ministry of External Affairs, [Government of India |language=en}}</ref> The most important Islamic building in the city is Nathar Shah's Mosque, which contains the tomb of the saint Sultan Nathar Shah.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Colin |title=General view of Nathar Shah's Tomb, Tiruchchirappalli |url=https://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/g/019pho000001003u02476000.html |access-date=2023-09-02 |website=www.bl.uk}}</ref> According to legend it is atop the grave of the three-headed Hindu demon Tiriasuran whom Nathar killed.<ref name="Bayly2004">{{cite book| author = Susan Bayly| title = Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700–1900| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Fxqtx8SflEsC&pg=PA137| access-date = 4 May 2011| date = 22 April 2004| publisher = Cambridge University Press| isbn = 978-0-521-89103-5| pages = 137– }}</ref> | ||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
According to the | According to the source Tabl-e-Aalam, Nathar Shah was born Syed Shah Mutaharuddin into an aristocratic [[Islam in Iran|Persian Muslim]] family of great influence and landholdings in [[Anatolia]] to the ''[[Emir]]'' of Bahanasa, Syed Shah Ahmed Kabeer, and Syeda Fathimunnisa. His younger brother, Syed Shah Jalaluddin became the ''Emir'' of Bahanasa after he left. | ||
== Life in Tiruchirapalli == | == Life in Tiruchirapalli == | ||
Nathar Wali left his comfortable life in search of murshid(spiritual preceptor).<ref name="Bayly2004" /><ref name="Bayly2004-p117">{{cite book|author=Susan Baylyy|title=Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700–1900|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fxqtx8SflEsC&pg=PA117|access-date=15 September 2013|date=22 April 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-89103-5|pages=117–}}</ref> He was a Qalandar (mystical sufi saint) who came to India along with 900 Qalandars to spread Islam. Before coming to India, he became the ''[[Mureed]]'' (Student) of Ibrahim Garamseel near the [[Pakistan]] region. After that, he traveled his journey towards different parts of India, and at last he reached [[Trichy]] and settled there. During this time, [[Tiruchirappalli]] was a part of the [[Chola dynasty|Chola Empire]] under the reign of [[Rajendra Chola I|Rajendra I]], although Nathar Wali has never interacted with him. His Islamic campaigns and its effects led a large number of the Hindu Rowther community, a warrior community living in the Tamil Nadu region, to accept [[Islam]]. During his time, a large number of Rowthers were attracted to Islam and converted to Mohammedan Islamic religion, retaining their caste name as an identity despite changing their religion. He was said to have performed miracles. Along with his qalandars, he came to Tiruchirapuram, which is now known as [[Tiruchirappalli]], and led a religious life with his qalandars in a flower garden there.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hiltebeitel |first=Alf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VncomfRVVhoC&dq=Nathar+shah+tiruchirapalli&pg=PA102 |title=The Cult of Draupadī: Mythologies: from Gingee to Kurukṣetra |date=1991 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |isbn=978-81-208-1000-6 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
Nathar Wali left his comfortable life in search of | |||
== Disciples | == Disciples == | ||
* [[Baba Fakruddin| Sultan Baba Fakhruddin Suhrawardi Qalandar]] | |||
* [[Nagore Shahul Hamid|Abdul Qadir Shah al-Hamid Sohrawardi]] | |||
* [[Baba Fakruddin| | |||
* [[Nagore Shahul Hamid| | |||
== Death == | == Death == | ||
He died in Tiruchirappalli in 1039 and was buried there, and a mosque constructed at the spot. Tiruchirappalli's followers call him "Natharnagar".<ref>{{cite web |title=Hazrat Tabl-e-Aalam Badashah Nathar Auliya (R.A) Baba Natharvali |url=https://aalequtub.com/hazrat-tabl-e-aalam-badashah-nathar-auliya-r-a-baba-natharvali/ |website=Aal-e-Qutub Aal-e-Syed Abdullah Shah Ghazi |language=en |date=18 July 2018}}</ref> | |||
He died in Tiruchirappalli in 1039 and was buried | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
| Line 64: | Line 67: | ||
[[Category:969 births]] | [[Category:969 births]] | ||
[[Category:1039 deaths]] | [[Category:1039 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Muslim missionaries]] | [[Category:Turkish Muslim missionaries]] | ||
[[Category:Missionaries in India]] | |||
[[Category:Islam in Tamil Nadu]] | [[Category:Islam in Tamil Nadu]] | ||
[[Category:10th-century Indian people]] | [[Category:10th-century Indian people]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:06, 16 March 2026
Sultan Syed Shah Mutaharuddin Suhrawardi | |
|---|---|
| |
| Born | Syed Shah Mutaharuddin 969 CE Anatolia |
| Died | 1038 CE (aged 69) Tiruchirapalli, Chola Empire |
| Venerated in | Islam, especially in the Indian subcontinent |
| Major shrine | Tiruchirapalli |
| Controversy | Halimah Saadiya (adopted daughter) |
| Influenced |
|
Tradition or genre | Hanafism |
Sultan Syed Shah Mutaharuddin Suhrawardi (969–1039),[1] also called Nathar Wali or Nadir Shah, was a Muslim preacher and mystic from Anatolia who in the 9th-10th century moved to Tamil Nadu, India, where he travelled about preaching Islam.[2] He went to Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu,[3][4] Importantly the tamil warrior community were converted by his preaching are known as Ravuttars in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, they are one of the earliest Muslim communities in the region.[5][6][7] The most important Islamic building in the city is Nathar Shah's Mosque, which contains the tomb of the saint Sultan Nathar Shah.[8] According to legend it is atop the grave of the three-headed Hindu demon Tiriasuran whom Nathar killed.[3]
Early life[edit | edit source]
According to the source Tabl-e-Aalam, Nathar Shah was born Syed Shah Mutaharuddin into an aristocratic Persian Muslim family of great influence and landholdings in Anatolia to the Emir of Bahanasa, Syed Shah Ahmed Kabeer, and Syeda Fathimunnisa. His younger brother, Syed Shah Jalaluddin became the Emir of Bahanasa after he left.
Life in Tiruchirapalli[edit | edit source]
Nathar Wali left his comfortable life in search of murshid(spiritual preceptor).[3][9] He was a Qalandar (mystical sufi saint) who came to India along with 900 Qalandars to spread Islam. Before coming to India, he became the Mureed (Student) of Ibrahim Garamseel near the Pakistan region. After that, he traveled his journey towards different parts of India, and at last he reached Trichy and settled there. During this time, Tiruchirappalli was a part of the Chola Empire under the reign of Rajendra I, although Nathar Wali has never interacted with him. His Islamic campaigns and its effects led a large number of the Hindu Rowther community, a warrior community living in the Tamil Nadu region, to accept Islam. During his time, a large number of Rowthers were attracted to Islam and converted to Mohammedan Islamic religion, retaining their caste name as an identity despite changing their religion. He was said to have performed miracles. Along with his qalandars, he came to Tiruchirapuram, which is now known as Tiruchirappalli, and led a religious life with his qalandars in a flower garden there.[10]
Disciples[edit | edit source]
Death[edit | edit source]
He died in Tiruchirappalli in 1039 and was buried there, and a mosque constructed at the spot. Tiruchirappalli's followers call him "Natharnagar".[11]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Arnold, T. W. (1896). The Preaching of Islam. Charles Scribner and Sons. p. 267.
- ↑ Shafique Ali Khan (1985). Two Nation Theory: As a Concept, Strategy and Ideology. Royal Book Company. p. 70. Retrieved 15 September 2013. - Nathar Wali (died in 1039) is supposed to be the earliest Muslim Sufi who dedicated his life to Islam in the south.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Susan Bayly (22 April 2004). Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700–1900. Cambridge University Press. pp. 137–. ISBN 978-0-521-89103-5. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
- ↑ Numismatic Society of India (1962). The journal of the Numismatic Society of India. Numismatic Society of India, P.O. Hindu University. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
- ↑ Pandian, Soorian Kasi (1996). India, That Is, Sidd. Allied Publishers. ISBN 978-81-7023-561-3.
- ↑ Hiltebeitel, Alf (1991). The Cult of Draupadī: Mythologies: from Gingee to Kurukṣetra. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. ISBN 978-81-208-1000-6.
- ↑ Gandhi, Indira (1981). Prime Minister Indira Gandhi Speaks on Foreign Policy, 1981. External Publicity Division, Ministry of External Affairs, [Government of India.
- ↑ Wright, Colin. "General view of Nathar Shah's Tomb, Tiruchchirappalli". www.bl.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
- ↑ Susan Baylyy (22 April 2004). Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700–1900. Cambridge University Press. pp. 117–. ISBN 978-0-521-89103-5. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
- ↑ Hiltebeitel, Alf (1991). The Cult of Draupadī: Mythologies: from Gingee to Kurukṣetra. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. ISBN 978-81-208-1000-6.
- ↑ "Hazrat Tabl-e-Aalam Badashah Nathar Auliya (R.A) Baba Natharvali". Aal-e-Qutub Aal-e-Syed Abdullah Shah Ghazi. 18 July 2018.