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{{short description|Military engagement between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri}} | {{short description|Military engagement between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri}} | ||
{{Infobox military conflict | {{Infobox military conflict | ||
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| caption = | | caption = | ||
| date = 26 June 1539 | | date = 26 June 1539 | ||
| place = [[Chausa]] (in present-day Buxar, [[Bihar]], India) | | place = [[Chausa]] (in present-day [[Buxar]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]) | ||
| coordinates = | | coordinates = | ||
| result = | | result = Suri victory | ||
| combatant1 = [[ | | combatant1 = [[Sur Empire]]<br>[[Ujjainiya|Ujjainiya dynasty]] | ||
| combatant2 = [[ | | combatant2 = [[Mughal Empire]] | ||
| commander1 = [[ | | commander1 = [[Sher Shah Suri]]<br>[[Gajpati Ujjainia]] | ||
| commander2 = [[Humayun]]<br>[[Bairam Khan]] | |||
| commander2 = | | strength1 = Unknown | ||
| strength1 = | | strength2 = 200,000<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mahajan |first=V. D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nMWSQuf4oSIC&dq=chausa+sher+mughal&pg=RA2-PA40 |title=History of Medieval India |date=2007 |publisher=S. Chand Publishing |isbn=978-81-219-0364-6 |page=40 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
| strength2 = | | casualties1 = Unknown | ||
| casualties1 = | | casualties2 = 7,000<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qHnHHwAACAAJ |title=History of Medieval India: 800-1700 |date=2007 |publisher=Orient BlackSwan |isbn=978-81-250-3226-7 |language=en|page=217}}</ref> | ||
| casualties2 = | |||
| conflict = | | conflict = | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Battle of Chausa''' was a notable military engagement between the | The '''Battle of Chausa''' was a notable military engagement between the Mughal Emperor, [[Humayun]], and the [[Pashtun|Afghan]] ruler, [[Sher Shah Suri]]. It was fought on 26 June 1539 at [[Chausa]], 10 miles southwest of [[Buxar]] in modern-day [[Bihar]], [[India]]. Sher Shah Suri was assisted by his allies, the [[Ujjainiya|Ujjainiya Rajputs]] of [[Bhojpuri region|Bhojpur]], as well as the [[Lohtamia]] and [[Gautam Rajputs|Gautam Rajput]]s who were led by the commander, [[Gajpati Ujjainia]].<ref name="Ahmad">{{cite book |title=Popular Literature And Pre-Modern Societies In South Asia |editor1-first=Surinder |editor1-last=Singh |editor2-first=I. D. |editor2-last=Gaur |pages=80 |publisher=Pearson Education India |year=2008 |isbn=978-81-317-1358-7 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVA0JAzQJkYC |chapter=State Formation and Consolidation under the Ujjainiya Rajputs in Medieval Bihar: Testimony of Oral Traditions as Recorded in the ''Tawarikh-i-Ujjainiya''|first=Imtiaz |last=Ahmad |access-date=2 January 2012}}</ref> [[Humayun]] escaped from the battlefield to save his life. [[Sher Shah Suri|Sher Shah]] was victorious and crowned himself ''Farīd al-Dīn Shēr Shāh.''<ref>{{cite web|title=Sher Shah of Sur: Indian emperor|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sher-Shah-of-Sur|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=2 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=India - The Mughal Empire, 1526-1761|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/India/The-Mughal-Empire-1526-1761|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=2 August 2016}}</ref> Babur's cousin, Mirza Haidar asserted that the armies might have numbered over 200,000 troops.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mahajan |first=V. D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nMWSQuf4oSIC&dq=chausa+sher+mughal&pg=RA2-PA40 |title=History of Medieval India |date=2007 |publisher=S. Chand Publishing |isbn=978-81-219-0364-6 |page=40 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
Humayun divided the province of Bengal into Jagirs among his officers and indulged in luxuries. Meanwhile, Sher Khan established his control over various regions and cut off Humayun's contacts with Agra. To put pressure on Sher Khan, Humayun marched towards Agra through the Grand Trunk Road, but Sher Khan provoked Humayun to recross the Ganga river to its southern bank at Chausa. Both armies remained encamped for three months, during which Sher Khan cleverly indulged Humayun in negotiations for peace. With the beginning of the rains, Sher Khan attacked the Mughal forces and caused a lot of confusion among them. The Mughal camp was filled with water, and a great number of soldiers were killed by the Afghans, and about 8000 of them drowned in the flooded Ganga. Sher Khan captured the Mughal camp along with their artillery and harem. Sher Khan treated the ladies of the harem kindly and made arrangements for their safe return to Humayun.<ref>{{Cite web |last=historyforexam |title=The Battle Chausa |url=https://www.historyforexam.com/2018/09/the-battle-chausa.html |access-date=2023-03-10 |archive-date=10 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310060422/https://www.historyforexam.com/2018/09/the-battle-chausa.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
[[Battle of Sirhind (1555)]] | * [[Battle of Sirhind (1555)]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{Reflist}} | ||
{{ | * {{cite book |title=Handbook_on_Rajputs |last=Bingley |first=A.H. |year=2020 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cc2HyXP5dygC&pg=PA27 |page=26 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=9788121234689}} | ||
* {{cite book |last=Fox |first=Richard Gabriel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FHEcBTmxlOEC |title=Kin, Clan, Raja, and Rule: Statehinterland Relations in Preindustrial India |year=1971 |publisher=University of California Press |page=107 |isbn=978-0-52001-807-5}} | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Afghan–Mughal Wars]] | ||
[[Category:Conflicts in 1539]] | [[Category:Conflicts in 1539|Chausa]] | ||
[[Category:Battles involving the Mughal Empire]] | [[Category:Battles involving the Mughal Empire|Chausa]] | ||
[[Category:1539 in India]] | |||
[[Category:16th century in the Mughal Empire]] | |||
Latest revision as of 05:48, 23 February 2026
| Battle of Chausa | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
|
Sur Empire Ujjainiya dynasty | Mughal Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Sher Shah Suri Gajpati Ujjainia |
Humayun Bairam Khan | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown | 200,000[1] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | 7,000[2] | ||||||
The Battle of Chausa was a notable military engagement between the Mughal Emperor, Humayun, and the Afghan ruler, Sher Shah Suri. It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, 10 miles southwest of Buxar in modern-day Bihar, India. Sher Shah Suri was assisted by his allies, the Ujjainiya Rajputs of Bhojpur, as well as the Lohtamia and Gautam Rajputs who were led by the commander, Gajpati Ujjainia.[3] Humayun escaped from the battlefield to save his life. Sher Shah was victorious and crowned himself Farīd al-Dīn Shēr Shāh.[4][5] Babur's cousin, Mirza Haidar asserted that the armies might have numbered over 200,000 troops.[6]
Humayun divided the province of Bengal into Jagirs among his officers and indulged in luxuries. Meanwhile, Sher Khan established his control over various regions and cut off Humayun's contacts with Agra. To put pressure on Sher Khan, Humayun marched towards Agra through the Grand Trunk Road, but Sher Khan provoked Humayun to recross the Ganga river to its southern bank at Chausa. Both armies remained encamped for three months, during which Sher Khan cleverly indulged Humayun in negotiations for peace. With the beginning of the rains, Sher Khan attacked the Mughal forces and caused a lot of confusion among them. The Mughal camp was filled with water, and a great number of soldiers were killed by the Afghans, and about 8000 of them drowned in the flooded Ganga. Sher Khan captured the Mughal camp along with their artillery and harem. Sher Khan treated the ladies of the harem kindly and made arrangements for their safe return to Humayun.[7]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Mahajan, V. D. (2007). History of Medieval India. S. Chand Publishing. p. 40. ISBN 978-81-219-0364-6.
- ↑ Chandra, Satish (2007). History of Medieval India: 800-1700. Orient BlackSwan. p. 217. ISBN 978-81-250-3226-7.
- ↑ Ahmad, Imtiaz (2008). "State Formation and Consolidation under the Ujjainiya Rajputs in Medieval Bihar: Testimony of Oral Traditions as Recorded in the Tawarikh-i-Ujjainiya". In Singh, Surinder; Gaur, I. D. (eds.). Popular Literature And Pre-Modern Societies In South Asia. Pearson Education India. p. 80. ISBN 978-81-317-1358-7. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
- ↑ "Sher Shah of Sur: Indian emperor". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
- ↑ "India - The Mughal Empire, 1526-1761". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
- ↑ Mahajan, V. D. (2007). History of Medieval India. S. Chand Publishing. p. 40. ISBN 978-81-219-0364-6.
- ↑ historyforexam. "The Battle Chausa". Archived from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
- Bingley, A.H. (2020). Handbook_on_Rajputs. Asian Educational Services. p. 26. ISBN 9788121234689.
- Fox, Richard Gabriel (1971). Kin, Clan, Raja, and Rule: Statehinterland Relations in Preindustrial India. University of California Press. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-52001-807-5.