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{{ | {{More citations needed|date=January 2026}}{{Short description|Decision making body}} | ||
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{{Politics}} | {{Politics}} | ||
The term '''administration''', as used in the context of government, differs according to [[jurisdiction]]. | The term '''administration''', as used in the context of [[government]], differs according to the [[jurisdiction]] under which it operates. In general terms, the administration can be described as a decision-making body.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Decision making and governing body structure for independent regulators |journal=The Governance of Regulators |series=OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy |date=2014 |pages=67–78 |doi=10.1787/9789264209015-en |isbn=9789264209008 |url=https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/9789264209015-8-en.pdf?expires=1656941675&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=2C4CEABA63F2C5279561C41D934E45E8 |access-date=4 July 2022}}</ref> | ||
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In [[Americans|American]] usage, the term generally refers to the [[Federal government of the United States#Executive branch|executive branch]] under a specific [[President of the United States|president]] (or [[Governor#United States|governor]], [[Mayor#United States|mayor]], or other local | ==United States== | ||
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2026}}<!-- This section is linked from Government --> | |||
{{Redirect|Administration of the United States|the term in a wider sense|Federal government of the United States}} | |||
In [[Americans|American]] usage, the term generally refers to the [[Federal government of the United States#Executive branch|executive branch]] under a specific [[President of the United States|president]] (or [[Governor#United States|governor]], [[Mayor#United States|mayor]], or other local executives); or the term of a particular executive; for example: "President Y's administration" or "Secretary of Defense X during President Y's administration."<ref>[http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/american-english/administration administration noun – definition in American English Dictionary – Cambridge Dictionary Online<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> It can also mean an executive branch agency headed by an administrator, as the [[NASA|National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] (NASA), [[Small Business Administration]] or the [[National Archives and Records Administration]]. | |||
The term "administration" has been used to denote the executive branch in [[presidential system]]s of government. | The term "administration" has been used to denote the executive branch in [[presidential system]]s of government. | ||
==Europe== | ==Europe== | ||
The term's usage in [[Europe]] varies by country, | The term's usage in [[Europe]] varies by country. Still, most typically the word "administration" refers to [[management|managerial functions]] in general, which may include local governments, or the hierarchy of national and local government, that applies to a town or district. More specifically, it may refer to [[public administration]], the business of administering [[Policy|public policy]] as determined by the government. However, outside [[France]] and [[Romania]], this usage of the word is uncommon. | ||
For the British sense | For the British sense of the word, most countries use the term ''government'', referring to the "administration" of [[Winston Churchill]] as the "Churchill government".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-28 |title=government |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/government |access-date=2026-01-29 |website=dictionary.cambridge.org |language=en}}</ref> This is also true for the non-European members of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]]. An older, chiefly [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] usage, is the term [[Ministry (collective executive)|"ministry"]], as in "Churchill Ministry", which is still in official and academic use in Britain, Australia, and Canada to refer the terms of [[prime ministers]].<ref> | ||
{{Cite web |date=2026-01-24 |title=Definition of MINISTRY |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ministry |access-date=2026-01-29 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}} | |||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
The word [[coalition]] may be used for a specific government depending on the type of government. In the Netherlands, cabinet is the most-used term (as in "the [[fourth Balkenende cabinet]]"). However "coalition" or "government" are also used when one does not refer to a specific coalition (note that the two terms have slightly different meanings). | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Administration (Government)}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Administration (Government)}} | ||
[[Category:Government institutions]] | [[Category:Government institutions]] | ||
[[Category:Public administration]] | [[Category:Public administration]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:53, 29 January 2026
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2026) |
| Part of the Politics series |
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The term administration, as used in the context of government, differs according to the jurisdiction under which it operates. In general terms, the administration can be described as a decision-making body.[1]
United States[edit | edit source]
| This section does not cite any sources. (January 2026) |
In American usage, the term generally refers to the executive branch under a specific president (or governor, mayor, or other local executives); or the term of a particular executive; for example: "President Y's administration" or "Secretary of Defense X during President Y's administration."[2] It can also mean an executive branch agency headed by an administrator, as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Small Business Administration or the National Archives and Records Administration.
The term "administration" has been used to denote the executive branch in presidential systems of government.
Europe[edit | edit source]
The term's usage in Europe varies by country. Still, most typically the word "administration" refers to managerial functions in general, which may include local governments, or the hierarchy of national and local government, that applies to a town or district. More specifically, it may refer to public administration, the business of administering public policy as determined by the government. However, outside France and Romania, this usage of the word is uncommon.
For the British sense of the word, most countries use the term government, referring to the "administration" of Winston Churchill as the "Churchill government".[3] This is also true for the non-European members of the Commonwealth of Nations. An older, chiefly Commonwealth usage, is the term "ministry", as in "Churchill Ministry", which is still in official and academic use in Britain, Australia, and Canada to refer the terms of prime ministers.[4]
The word coalition may be used for a specific government depending on the type of government. In the Netherlands, cabinet is the most-used term (as in "the fourth Balkenende cabinet"). However "coalition" or "government" are also used when one does not refer to a specific coalition (note that the two terms have slightly different meanings).
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Decision making and governing body structure for independent regulators" (PDF). The Governance of Regulators. OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy: 67–78. 2014. doi:10.1787/9789264209015-en. ISBN 9789264209008. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
- ↑ administration noun – definition in American English Dictionary – Cambridge Dictionary Online
- ↑ "government". dictionary.cambridge.org. 2026-01-28. Retrieved 2026-01-29.
- ↑ "Definition of MINISTRY". www.merriam-webster.com. 2026-01-24. Retrieved 2026-01-29.