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|species = paniculatus | |species = paniculatus | ||
|authority = [[Carl Ludwig Willdenow|Willd.]] | |authority = [[Carl Ludwig Willdenow|Willd.]] | ||
|synonyms = ''Celastrus dependens'' | |synonyms = ''Celastrus dependens'' <small>[[Wall.]]</small> | ||
|}} | |}} | ||
[[File:Celastrus paniculatus seeds.jpg|thumb|Seeds]] | [[File:Celastrus paniculatus seeds.jpg|thumb|Seeds]] | ||
'''''Celastrus paniculatus''''' is a [[Woody plant|woody]] [[liana]] commonly known as '''black oil plant''', '''climbing staff tree''', and '''intellect tree''' ([[Sanskrit]]: ''jyotishmati'' ज्योतीष्मती, [[Hindi]]: ''mal- | '''''Celastrus paniculatus''''' is a [[Woody plant|woody]] [[liana]] commonly known as '''black oil plant''', '''climbing staff tree''', and '''intellect tree''' ([[Sanskrit]]: ''jyotishmati''<ref>{{cite web|date=2022-02-15|title=Intellect Plant Benefits And Uses: 4 Ayurvedic Benefits And Harm Of Jyotishmati|url=https://www.dailytramadol.com/intellect-plant-health-benefits/|access-date=2022-02-16|language=en-US}}</ref> ज्योतीष्मती, [[Hindi]]: ''[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35199395/ mal-kangni]'' माल-कांगनी, Chinese: ''deng you teng'' 灯油藤).<ref name="Premila2006">{{cite book |author=Premila, M. S. |title=Ayurvedic Herbs: A Clinical Guide to the Healing Plants of Traditional Indian Medicine |publisher=Haworth Press |location=New York |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7890-1768-0 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ayurvedicherbscl0000prem }}</ref><ref name="Macmillan1989">{{cite book |author= H. F. Macmillan|title=Handbook of Tropical Plants |publisher=South Asia Books |location=Columbia, Mo |year=1989 |isbn=978-81-7041-177-2 }}</ref><ref name="Putz1991">{{cite book |author1=Putz, Francis E. |author2=Mooney, Harold A. |title=The Biology of vines |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-521-39250-1 }}</ref> This climbing shrub grows throughout [[India]] at elevations up to {{convert|1800|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Premila2006" /><ref name="zhang">[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200012787 Zhixiang Zhang, Michele Funston: Celastrus, in Flora of China, Vol. 11]</ref> | ||
''C. paniculatus'' is a [[deciduous]] vine with stems up to {{convert|10|cm|abbr=on}} in diameter and {{convert|6|m|abbr=on}} long with rough, pale brown exfoliating bark covered densely with small, elongated [[Lenticel|lenticles]]. The leaves are simple, broad, and oval, obovate or elliptic in shape, with toothed margins. | ''C. paniculatus'' is a [[deciduous]] vine with stems up to {{convert|10|cm|abbr=on}} in diameter and {{convert|6|m|abbr=on}} long with rough, pale brown exfoliating bark covered densely with small, elongated [[Lenticel|lenticles]]. The leaves are simple, broad, and oval, obovate or elliptic in shape, with toothed margins.<ref name="Premila2006" /><ref name="Macmillan1989" /> | ||
==Traditional medicine == | ==Traditional medicine == | ||
Oil from the seeds is used as a [[traditional medicine]] in [[India]]n [[Unani]] and [[Ayurvedic|Ayurvedic medicine]]. | Oil from the seeds is used as a [[traditional medicine]] in [[India]]n [[Unani]] and [[Ayurvedic|Ayurvedic medicine]].<ref name="Premila2006" /><ref name="Chopra">{{cite book|title=Indigenous Drugs of india|publisher=Academic Publishers|isbn=978-81-85086-80-4|location=Kolkata|last1=Chopra|first1=R. N.|year=1994}}<!--| accessdate = 2010-10-23 --></ref> | ||
==Poisonous relative== | ==Poisonous relative== | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* {{cite book |last=Caldecott |first=Todd |year=2006 |title=Ayurveda: The Divine Science of Life |publisher=Elsevier/Mosby |isbn=978-0-7234-3410-8 }} Contains a detailed monograph on ''Celastrus paniculatus'' (Jyotishmati) as well as a discussion of health benefits and usage in clinical practice. | * {{cite book |last=Caldecott |first=Todd |year=2006 |title=Ayurveda: The Divine Science of Life |publisher=Elsevier/Mosby |isbn=978-0-7234-3410-8 }} Contains a detailed monograph on ''Celastrus paniculatus'' (Jyotishmati) as well as a discussion of health benefits and usage in clinical practice. | ||
* {{cite journal | last1 = Bhanumathy | first1 = M. | last2 = Harish | first2 = M. S. | last3 = Shivaprasad | first3 = H. N. | last4 = Sushma | first4 = G. | title = Nootropic activity of Celastrus paniculatus seed. | journal = Pharmaceutical Biology | volume = 48| issue = 3| pages = 324–7| doi = 10.3109/13880200903127391 | pmid = 20645820 | date=Mar 2010}} | * {{cite journal | last1 = Bhanumathy | first1 = M. | last2 = Harish | first2 = M. S. | last3 = Shivaprasad | first3 = H. N. | last4 = Sushma | first4 = G. | title = Nootropic activity of Celastrus paniculatus seed. | journal = Pharmaceutical Biology | volume = 48| issue = 3| pages = 324–7| doi = 10.3109/13880200903127391 | pmid = 20645820 | date=Mar 2010| s2cid = 26602192 | doi-access = free }} | ||
* Kanti Rekha, M K Bhan, S S Balyan and A K Dhar: [http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/8145/1/NPR%204%286%29%20482-486.pdf Cultivation prospects of endangered species Celastrus paniculatus Willd.] | * Kanti Rekha, M K Bhan, S S Balyan and A K Dhar: [http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/8145/1/NPR%204%286%29%20482-486.pdf Cultivation prospects of endangered species Celastrus paniculatus Willd.] | ||
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[[Category:Celastraceae]] | [[Category:Celastraceae]] | ||
{{Celastraceae-stub}} | {{Celastraceae-stub}} | ||
Revision as of 15:19, 9 April 2025
| Celastrus paniculatus | |
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| Fruits | |
Scientific classification 
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| : | [[Template:Taxonomy/Celastrus]] |
| Species: | Template:Taxonomy/CelastrusC. paniculatus
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| Binomial name | |
| Template:Taxonomy/CelastrusCelastrus paniculatus | |
| Synonyms | |
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Celastrus dependens <small>Wall.</small> | |
Celastrus paniculatus is a woody liana commonly known as black oil plant, climbing staff tree, and intellect tree (Sanskrit: jyotishmati<ref>"Intellect Plant Benefits And Uses: 4 Ayurvedic Benefits And Harm Of Jyotishmati". 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2022-02-16.</ref> ज्योतीष्मती, Hindi: mal-kangni माल-कांगनी, Chinese: deng you teng 灯油藤).<ref name="Premila2006">Premila, M. S. (2006). Ayurvedic Herbs: A Clinical Guide to the Healing Plants of Traditional Indian Medicine. New York: Haworth Press. ISBN 978-0-7890-1768-0.</ref><ref name="Macmillan1989">H. F. Macmillan (1989). Handbook of Tropical Plants. Columbia, Mo: South Asia Books. ISBN 978-81-7041-177-2.</ref><ref name="Putz1991">Putz, Francis E.; Mooney, Harold A. (1991). The Biology of vines. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-39250-1.</ref> This climbing shrub grows throughout India at elevations up to 1,800 m (5,900 ft).<ref name="Premila2006" /><ref name="zhang">Zhixiang Zhang, Michele Funston: Celastrus, in Flora of China, Vol. 11</ref>
C. paniculatus is a deciduous vine with stems up to 10 cm (3.9 in) in diameter and 6 m (20 ft) long with rough, pale brown exfoliating bark covered densely with small, elongated lenticles. The leaves are simple, broad, and oval, obovate or elliptic in shape, with toothed margins.<ref name="Premila2006" /><ref name="Macmillan1989" />
Traditional medicine
Oil from the seeds is used as a traditional medicine in Indian Unani and Ayurvedic medicine.<ref name="Premila2006" /><ref name="Chopra">Chopra, R. N. (1994). Indigenous Drugs of india. Kolkata: Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-81-85086-80-4.<!--| accessdate = 2010-10-23 --></ref>
Poisonous relative
Celastrus paniculatus has a relative that grows in the United States that is poisonous (Celastrus orbiculatus), so identifying this plant carefully can be important.
References
External links
- Caldecott, Todd (2006). Ayurveda: The Divine Science of Life. Elsevier/Mosby. ISBN 978-0-7234-3410-8. Contains a detailed monograph on Celastrus paniculatus (Jyotishmati) as well as a discussion of health benefits and usage in clinical practice.
- Bhanumathy, M.; Harish, M. S.; Shivaprasad, H. N.; Sushma, G. (Mar 2010). "Nootropic activity of Celastrus paniculatus seed". Pharmaceutical Biology. 48 (3): 324–7. doi:10.3109/13880200903127391. PMID 20645820. S2CID 26602192.
- Kanti Rekha, M K Bhan, S S Balyan and A K Dhar: Cultivation prospects of endangered species Celastrus paniculatus Willd.