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{{Short description|1946 film by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas}} | {{Short description|1946 film by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October | {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=October | {{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}} | ||
{{Infobox film | {{Infobox film | ||
| name = Dharti Ke Lal | | name = {{Lang|hi-latn|Dharti Ke Lal}} | ||
| image = | | image = | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
| music = [[Ravi Shankar]] | | music = [[Ravi Shankar]] | ||
| distributor = | | distributor = | ||
| released = {{Film date|30 | | released = {{Film date|1946|08|30|df=yes}} | ||
| runtime = 125 mins | | runtime = 125 mins | ||
| country = | | country = India | ||
| language = [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] | | language = [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:Usha Dutt and Shombhu Mitra in Dharti Ke Lal.jpg|thumb|300px|Usha Dutt and Shombhu Mitra in Dharti Ke Lal]] | [[File:Usha Dutt and Shombhu Mitra in Dharti Ke Lal.jpg|thumb|300px|Usha Dutt and Shombhu Mitra in {{Lang|hi-latn|Dharti Ke Lal}}]] | ||
''' | '''{{Lang|hi-latn|Dharti Ke Lal}}''' ({{IPA|hi|'d̪ʱəɾ.t̪iː 'keː 'lɑːl}}; {{translation|''Children of the Earth''}}) is a 1946 [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] film, the first directorial venture of the noted film director [[Khwaja Ahmad Abbas]] (K. A. Abbas). It was jointly written by [[Khwaja Ahmad Abbas]] and [[Bijon Bhattacharya]], based on plays by Bhattacharya and the story ''Annadata'' by [[Krishan Chander]]. The film had music by [[Ravi Shankar]], with lyrics by [[Ali Sardar Jafri]], Nemichand Jain, Vamiq, and [[Prem Dhawan]]. | ||
The film was based on the [[Bengal famine of 1943]], which killed millions of [[Bengali people]], and was one of the first films in [[Indian cinema]]'s [[Parallel Cinema|social-realist movement]].<ref name="Rajadhyaksha">{{cite book|last=Rajadhyaksha|first=Ashish|title=Indian Cinema: A Very Short Introduction|date=2016|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=9780191034770|page=61|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QUq1DAAAQBAJ&pg=PT61|language=en}}</ref> In 1949, | The film was based on the [[Bengal famine of 1943]], which killed millions of [[Bengali people]], and was one of the first films in [[Indian cinema]]'s [[Parallel Cinema|social-realist movement]].<ref name="Rajadhyaksha">{{cite book|last=Rajadhyaksha|first=Ashish|title=Indian Cinema: A Very Short Introduction|date=2016|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=9780191034770|page=61|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QUq1DAAAQBAJ&pg=PT61|language=en|access-date=3 November 2017|archive-date=30 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830091734/https://books.google.com/books?id=QUq1DAAAQBAJ&pg=PT61|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1949, {{Lang|hi-latn|Dharti Ke Lal}} also became the first Indian film to receive widespread distribution in the [[Soviet Union]] (USSR),<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19970530/15050623.html Dharti Ke Lal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120908194406/http://www.indianexpress.com/static/sorry/ |date=8 September 2012 }} [[Indian Express]].</ref> which led to the country becoming a major [[List of highest-grossing Indian films in overseas markets|overseas market]] for [[Indian films]].<ref name="Rajadhyaksha"/><ref>{{cite news|title=With love from India to Russia|url=https://www.rbth.com/articles/2009/10/22/221009_indianfilms.html|work=[[Russia Beyond]]|date=22 October 2009|access-date=3 November 2017|archive-date=16 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816062142/https://www.rbth.com/articles/2009/10/22/221009_indianfilms.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
{{Lang|hi-latn|Dharti Ke Lal}} was critically acclaimed for its scathing view of the notorious [[Bengal famine of 1943]], in which millions of [[Bengali people|Bengalis]] died.<ref name="Rajadhyaksha"/> It is considered an important political film as it gives a realistic portrayal of the changing social and economic climate during [[World War II]]. | |||
The film uses the plight of a single family caught in this famine, and tells the story of human devastation, and the loss of humanity during the struggle to survive. | The film uses the plight of a single family caught in this famine, and tells the story of human devastation, and the loss of humanity during the struggle to survive. | ||
During the Bengal famine of 1943, members of the [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] travelled all over India, performing plays and collecting funds for the survivors of the famine, which | During the Bengal famine of 1943, members of the [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] travelled all over India, performing plays and collecting funds for the survivors of the famine, which destroyed a whole generation of farmer families in Bengal.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.islamawareness.net/Asia/India/indian_arts.html |title=Indian arts |access-date=27 September 2007 |archive-date=20 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020044817/http://www.islamawareness.net/Asia/India/indian_arts.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Thus Abbas was deeply influenced by the work of IPTA, and hence based his script upon two of IPTA's plays, ''[[Nabanna (play)|Nabanna]]'' (Harvest) and ''Jabanbandi'' by [[Bijon Bhattacharya]], and the story ''Annadata'' by [[Krishan Chander]]. Even the cast of the film was mainly actors from IPTA. | Thus Abbas was deeply influenced by the work of IPTA, and hence based his script upon two of IPTA's plays, ''[[Nabanna (play)|Nabanna]]'' (Harvest) and ''Jabanbandi'' by [[Bijon Bhattacharya]], and the story ''Annadata'' by [[Krishan Chander]]. Even the cast of the film was mainly actors from IPTA. | ||
The film marked another chapter in the influential new wave in Indian cinema, which focussed on socially relevant themes as in ''[[Neecha Nagar]]'' (1946), made by [[Chetan Anand (producer & director)|Chetan Anand]], also scripted by Abbas, and which continued with Bimal Roy's ''[[Do Bigha Zamin]]'' (1953). | The film marked another chapter in the influential new wave in Indian cinema, which focussed on socially relevant themes as in ''[[Neecha Nagar]]'' (1946), made by [[Chetan Anand (producer & director)|Chetan Anand]], also scripted by Abbas, and which continued with Bimal Roy's ''[[Do Bigha Zamin]]'' (1953). | ||
It was the first and perhaps the only film produced by [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] (Indian People's Theater Association) and remains one of the important Hindi films of that decade. The film marked the screen debut of [[Zohra Sehgal]] and also gave actor [[Balraj Sahni]] his first important on screen role.<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/sep/20dinesh.htm Balraj Sahani] [[Rediff.com]].</ref> | It was the first and perhaps the only film produced by [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] (Indian People's Theater Association) and remains one of the important Hindi films of that decade. The film marked the screen debut of [[Zohra Sehgal]] and also gave actor [[Balraj Sahni]] his first important on screen role.<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/sep/20dinesh.htm Balraj Sahani] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019072434/http://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/sep/20dinesh.htm |date=19 October 2012 }} [[Rediff.com]].</ref> | ||
''[[The New York Times]]'' called it "...a gritty realistic drama."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/143924/Dharti-Ke-Lal/overview |title=Dharti Ke Lal - Trailer - Cast - Showtimes - NYTimes.com |website=movies.nytimes.com |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100430072153/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/143924/Dharti-Ke-Lal/overview |archive-date=30 April 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | ''[[The New York Times]]'' called it "...a gritty realistic drama."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/143924/Dharti-Ke-Lal/overview |title=Dharti Ke Lal - Trailer - Cast - Showtimes - NYTimes.com |website=movies.nytimes.com |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100430072153/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/143924/Dharti-Ke-Lal/overview |archive-date=30 April 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* {{IMDb title|0038475}} | * {{IMDb title|0038475}} | ||
{{K. A. Abbas}} | {{K. A. Abbas}} | ||
[[Category:1946 films]] | [[Category:1946 films]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1946 Hindi-language films]] | ||
[[Category:Films based on short | [[Category:1946 Indian films]] | ||
[[Category:Films based on Indian short stories]] | |||
[[Category:Films scored by Ravi Shankar]] | [[Category:Films scored by Ravi Shankar]] | ||
[[Category:Indian films based on plays]] | [[Category:Indian films based on plays]] | ||
| Line 88: | Line 86: | ||
[[Category:1946 drama films]] | [[Category:1946 drama films]] | ||
[[Category:1946 directorial debut films]] | [[Category:1946 directorial debut films]] | ||
[[Category:World War II films made in wartime]] | |||
[[Category:Films set on the home front during World War II]] | |||
Latest revision as of 04:44, 4 March 2026
| Dharti Ke Lal | |
|---|---|
| Directed by | Khwaja Ahmad Abbas |
| Produced by | Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, IPTA Pictures |
| Written by | Khwaja Ahmad Abbas (screenplay, dialogue), Bijon Bhattacharya (screenplay), Krishan Chander (story), |
| Story by | Krishan Chander |
| Starring | Balraj Sahni Tripti Mitra Sombhu Mitra |
| Music by | Ravi Shankar |
| Cinematography | Jamnadas Kapadia |
Release date |
|
Running time | 125 mins |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindustani |
Dharti Ke Lal (hi; transl. Children of the Earth) is a 1946 Hindustani film, the first directorial venture of the noted film director Khwaja Ahmad Abbas (K. A. Abbas). It was jointly written by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas and Bijon Bhattacharya, based on plays by Bhattacharya and the story Annadata by Krishan Chander. The film had music by Ravi Shankar, with lyrics by Ali Sardar Jafri, Nemichand Jain, Vamiq, and Prem Dhawan.
The film was based on the Bengal famine of 1943, which killed millions of Bengali people, and was one of the first films in Indian cinema's social-realist movement.[1] In 1949, Dharti Ke Lal also became the first Indian film to receive widespread distribution in the Soviet Union (USSR),[2] which led to the country becoming a major overseas market for Indian films.[1][3]
Overview[edit | edit source]
Dharti Ke Lal was critically acclaimed for its scathing view of the notorious Bengal famine of 1943, in which millions of Bengalis died.[1] It is considered an important political film as it gives a realistic portrayal of the changing social and economic climate during World War II.
The film uses the plight of a single family caught in this famine, and tells the story of human devastation, and the loss of humanity during the struggle to survive.
During the Bengal famine of 1943, members of the IPTA travelled all over India, performing plays and collecting funds for the survivors of the famine, which destroyed a whole generation of farmer families in Bengal.[4] Thus Abbas was deeply influenced by the work of IPTA, and hence based his script upon two of IPTA's plays, Nabanna (Harvest) and Jabanbandi by Bijon Bhattacharya, and the story Annadata by Krishan Chander. Even the cast of the film was mainly actors from IPTA.
The film marked another chapter in the influential new wave in Indian cinema, which focussed on socially relevant themes as in Neecha Nagar (1946), made by Chetan Anand, also scripted by Abbas, and which continued with Bimal Roy's Do Bigha Zamin (1953).
It was the first and perhaps the only film produced by IPTA (Indian People's Theater Association) and remains one of the important Hindi films of that decade. The film marked the screen debut of Zohra Sehgal and also gave actor Balraj Sahni his first important on screen role.[5]
The New York Times called it "...a gritty realistic drama."[6]
It proved to be tremendously influential not only to future filmmakers who admired its neorealist-like qualities—but also to intellectuals of India's left-wing.[7]
Cast[edit | edit source]
- Tripti Mitra
- Sombhu Mitra
- Balraj Sahni
- Rashid Ahmed
- Damayanti Sahni (Balraj Sahni's actual wife)
- Rashid Khan
- K. N. Singh
- David
- Zohra Sehgal
- Snehaprabha
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Rajadhyaksha, Ashish (2016). Indian Cinema: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. p. 61. ISBN 9780191034770. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2017.
- ↑ Dharti Ke Lal Archived 8 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine Indian Express.
- ↑ "With love from India to Russia". Russia Beyond. 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2017.
- ↑ "Indian arts". Archived from the original on 20 October 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2007.
- ↑ Balraj Sahani Archived 19 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Rediff.com.
- ↑ "Dharti Ke Lal - Trailer - Cast - Showtimes - NYTimes.com". movies.nytimes.com. Archived from the original on 30 April 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
- ↑ Dharti ke Lal Overview The New York Times
References[edit | edit source]
- Dictionary of Films (Berkeley: U. of CA Press, 1977), p. 84.
- Vasudev and Lenglet, eds., Indian Cinema Super-bazaar (New Delhi: Vikas, 1978).
- Shyamala A. Narayan, The Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 1 1976; vol. 11: pp. 82 – 94.
- Amir Ullah Khan and Bibek Debroy, Indian Economic Transition through Bollywood Eyes.