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| [[Image:Markhor Horns (5779055412).jpg|thumb|]]
| | #REDIRECT [[Astor markhor]] |
| The '''Kashmir Markhor''', '''Flare-horned Markhor''', or the '''Pir Panjal Markhor''' ''(Capra falconeri cashmiriensis)'' is synonymous with the [[Astor Markhor]] which has large, flat horns, branching widely and then going up nearly straight with only a half turn, from a heavy, flat horns, twisted like a corkscrew.<ref name="greatsmall">{{cite book|author=Richard Lydekker|title=The great and small game of India, Burma, and Tibet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_eQA6LDdpiQC|access-date=10 July 2011|year=1900|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-1162-7}}</ref> The Astor Markhor also has a tendency to sexually segregate outside the mating season because of multiple different mechanisms. The females are usually confined to cliffs with less forage coverage, while the males live in areas with a lot more forage coverage. <ref>Ahmad, R., Sharma, N., Mishra, C., Singh, N. J., Rawat, G. S., & Bhatnagar, Y. V. (2018). Security, size, or sociality: what makes Markhor (Capra falconeri) sexually segregate?. Journal of Mammalogy, 99(1), 55-63.</ref>
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| ===Etymology===
| | {{R from scientific name|mammal}} |
| The name is thought to be derived from [[Persian language|Persian]] — a conjunction of {{lang|fa-Latn|mâr}} ({{wikt-lang|fa|مار}}, "[[snake]], [[Serpent (symbolism)|serpent]]") and the suffix {{lang|fa-Latn|khor}} ({{wikt-lang|fa|خوردن|‏خور‎}},<!-- bidi marks to force browsers to show the 2 parameters the right way round in source editing --> "-eater"), interpreted to represent the animal's alleged ability to kill snakes, or as a reference to its corkscrew-like horns, which are somewhat reminiscent of coiling snakes.<ref name="fact"/>
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| In folklore the Markhor is believed to kill and eat serpents. Thereafter, while chewing the [[cud]], a foam-like substance comes out of its mouth that drops on the ground and dries. This foam-like substance is sought after by the local people, who believe it is useful in extracting the poison from snakebites.<ref name="museo">{{cite web|title=Markhor|url=http://www.museodelacaza.org/markhor/?lang=en|website=Museo de la Caza Los Yebenes|access-date=9 April 2017}}</ref>
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| The '''Kashmir Markhor''' is the sub species of Markhor which is also known as '''Pir Panjal Markhor'''. These Markhors are found in the [[Chitral Valley]]s of [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Provinces of Pakistan|a province of Pakistan]] and [[Neelum Valley]]. These Markhors are hunted under community based hunting program. In past, according to survey conducted by CITES and WWF with help of Wildlife department KPK, only 300 Markhors were counted. Then government started community based hunting program and issued 4 hunting permits of Kashmir Markhor per year. Then the 80% of revenue collected through trophy hunting is donated to the local community, which encouraged them to stop poaching it as a source of food . This hunting program succeed and recently through a survey 4000 Markhors were counted. Its quite easy to hunt than Astor Markhor and Suleman Markhor but hunter must be in good physical strength. A 40” size of horn is considered representable.
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| ==In culture==
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| The nominate species '''Markhor''' is the [[List of national animals|National animal]] of [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Taus-Bolstad |first=Stacy |title=Pakistan in Pictures |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K9QbtVadL_gC&q=national+animal+Pakistan+Markhor&pg=PA15 |access-date=25 December 2012 |year=2003 |publisher=[[Lerner Publishing Group#Twenty-First Century Books|Twenty-First Century Books]] |isbn=978-0822546825 |page=15}}</ref> Whereas the '''Kashmir Markhor''' within [[Pakistan-administered Kashmir]] (PAK) it is the '''[[List of national birds|State bird]] of [[Azad Kashmir]]'''. It was one of the 72 animals featured on the [[World Wide Fund for Nature|World Wide Fund for Nature Conservation Coin Collection]] in 1976. Markhor [[marionettes]] are used in the Afghan [[puppet]] shows known as ''[[Buz-baz]]''. The Markhor has also been mentioned in a [[Pakistani]] [[computer-animated film]] known as ''[[Allahyar and the Legend of Markhor]]''.<ref>IMDB(2018)https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7955106/</ref>
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| The '''Markhor''' is present on the logo of the [[Inter-Services Intelligence]].
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| ===Local names===
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| *[[Balti language|Balti]]: {{transl|bft|Reedakh}}
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| *[[Dogri language|Dogra (Dogri)]]: ''Phau''
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| *'''[[Persian language|Persian]]''', '''[[Pashto language|Pashto]]''': {{lang|fa|مارخور}} {{transl|fa|markhor}}<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| *'''[[Hindi language|Hindi]]''', '''[[Urdu language|Urdu]]''', '''[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]''', and '''[[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]''': {{lang|hi|मारख़ोर <small>([[Devanagari]])</small> مارخور <small>([[Nastaleeq]])</small> ਮਾਰਖ਼ੋਰ <small>([[Gurmukhi]])</small>}}<ref name="Sharma1990"/>
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| *[[Ladakhi language|Ladakhi]]: {{transl|lbj|rache, rapoche}} (male) and {{transl|lbj|rawache}} (female)<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| *[[Burushaski language|Burushaski]]: {{transl|bsk|boom}} (Markhor), {{transl|bsk|boom haldin}} (male), {{transl|bsk|giri haldin}} (female)<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| *'''[[Shina language|Shina]]''': {{transl|scl|boom mayaro}}, (male) and {{transl|scl|boom mayari}} (female)<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| *[[Brahui language|Brahui]]: {{transl|brh|rezkuh, matt}} (male) and {{transl|brh|hit, harat}} (female)<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| *[[Balochi language|Balochi]]: {{transl|bal|pachin, sara}} (male) and {{transl|bal|buzkuhi}} (female)<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| *[[Wakhi language|Wakhi]]: {{transl|wbl|youksh, ghashh}} (male) and {{transl|wbl|moch}} (female)<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| *[[Khowar language|Khowar]]/Chitrali: {{transl|khw|shara}} (male) and {{transl|khw|maxhegh}} (female)<ref name="greatsmall"/>
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| {{National symbols of Pakistan}}
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| {{Taxonbar|from=Q187927}}
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| [[Category:Capra (genus)]]
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| [[Category:Fauna of the Himalayas]]
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| [[Category:Mammals of Asia]]
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| [[Category:Mammals of Pakistan]]
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| [[Category:National symbols of Pakistan]]
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| [[Category:Symbols of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Pakistan)]]
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