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| river_system = | | river_system = | ||
| basin_size = {{convert|132100|km2|abbr=on}}<ref name=EB/> | | basin_size = {{convert|132100|km2|abbr=on}}<ref name=EB/> | ||
| tributaries_left = [[Seonath River|Seonath]], [[Mand River|Mand]], [[Ib River|Ib]], [[Hasdeo River|Hasdeo]], [[ Kelo river| Kelo]] | | tributaries_left = [[Seonath River|Seonath]], [[Mand River|Mand]], [[Ib River|Ib]], [[Hasdeo River|Hasdeo]], [[Kelo river|Kelo]] | ||
| tributaries_right = [[Ong River|Ong]], [[parry river|parry]], [[Jonk River|Jonk]], [[Telen River|Telen]] | | tributaries_right = [[Ong River|Ong]], [[parry river|parry]], [[Jonk River|Jonk]], [[Telen River|Telen]] | ||
| custom_label = | | custom_label = | ||
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== Course == | == Course == | ||
=== Source and Upper Course === | === Source and Upper Course === | ||
Like many other [[season]]al Indian rivers, the Mahanadi too is a combination of many mountain streams and thus its precise source is impossible to pinpoint. However its farthest [[headwaters]] lie {{Convert|6|km}} from Pharsiya village in Nagri Sihawa {{Convert|442|m}} above sea level about 11 km, in a dense patch of forest, south of Sihawa town in [[Dhamtari district]] of [[Chhattisgarh]].<ref name="DS405.1.I34_V16_437">[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V16_437.gif Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 16, page 431 – Imperial Gazetteer of India – Digital South Asia Library]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&pg=RA1-PA607&lpg=RA1-PA607&dq=sondur+reservoir&source=bl&ots=KTvmcUEv8P&sig=0zWN0IU-AQfGuLb6FleIsloR_8o&hl=en&ei=yKHmSYnjHeHJtgeAnu3UBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6#PRA1-PA598,M1Hydrology and Water Resources of India by Sharad K. Jain, Pushpendra K. Agarwal, Vijay P. Singh]</ref> The hills here are an extension of the [[Eastern Ghats]] and are a source of many other streams which then go on to join the Mahanadi. | Like many other [[season]]al Indian rivers, the Mahanadi too is a combination of many mountain streams and thus its precise source is impossible to pinpoint. However its farthest [[headwaters]] lie {{Convert|6|km}} from Pharsiya village in Nagri Sihawa {{Convert|442|m}} above sea level about 11 km, in a dense patch of forest, south of Sihawa town in [[Dhamtari district]] of [[Chhattisgarh]].<ref name="DS405.1.I34_V16_437">[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V16_437.gif Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 16, page 431 – Imperial Gazetteer of India – Digital South Asia Library]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&pg=RA1-PA607&lpg=RA1-PA607&dq=sondur+reservoir&source=bl&ots=KTvmcUEv8P&sig=0zWN0IU-AQfGuLb6FleIsloR_8o&hl=en&ei=yKHmSYnjHeHJtgeAnu3UBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6#PRA1-PA598,M1Hydrology and Water Resources of India by Sharad K. Jain, Pushpendra K. Agarwal, Vijay P. Singh]</ref> The hills here are an extension of the [[Eastern Ghats]] and are a source of many other streams which then go on to join the Mahanadi. | ||
For the first {{Convert|100|km}} of its course, the Mahanadi flows in a northerly direction and drains the [[Raipur district]] and touches eastern portions of [[Raipur]] city. It is a rather narrow river at this stage and the total width of its valley does not exceed 500–600 metres. | For the first {{Convert|100|km}} of its course, the Mahanadi flows in a northerly direction and drains the [[Raipur district]] and touches eastern portions of [[Raipur]] city. It is a rather narrow river at this stage and the total width of its valley does not exceed 500–600 metres. | ||