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{{Other uses}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Redirect|Satnami|the Satnami movement of Chhattisgarh|Satnampanth}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2012}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2012}}
The '''Sadh''' are a [[Hindu]] community, found mainly in [[North India]], traditionally associated with textile dyeing and calico printing. They are found mainly in [[Uttar Pradesh]], concenterated in [[Farrukhabad District]], with small numbers also found in [[Saharanpur]], [[Mirzapur]]. [[Meerut]] and [[Bareilly]] districts.<ref>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three by K S Singh page 1229 Manohar Publications</ref>


The '''Sadhs''' (साध) are a minority sect in India.
==History and origin==


=={{ anchor | Satnami revolt | Satnami rebellion | Satnami vidroh | Satnami war | Satnami revolt against Aurganzeb | Satnami revolt against mughals}} History==
The term Sadh is derived from [[sadhu]], which means a mediator. There are two sub-divisions in the community, the Shamme and Vidhi.<ref name=POI>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three by K S Singh page 1229 Manohar Publications</ref> The Shamme are those who strictly follow their religion, while members of the Vidhi division do not adhere religious sanction.<ref name=POI/> The sect is said to be  founded by ''Birbhan sadhji'' in Bijesar, a village near [[Narnaul]], [[Haryana]] in the year 1543 CE. They use the name ''Satnami'' to call upon the God. Hence, they call themselves as ''Satnamis''.<ref name="Hastings2003">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Grierson|first=George Abraham|author-link=George Abraham Grierson|editor-last=Hastings|editor-first=James|editor-link=James Hastings|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics]]|title=Sadhs|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Encyclopedia_of_Religion_and_Ethics_Volume_11.pdf&page=70|date=1908|publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]]|volume=XI: Sacrifice-Sudra|location=New York|pages=46–47}}</ref>According to M. A. Sherring, he may have been influenced by the teachings of [[Ravidas]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lamb |first=Ramdas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=STw9LQtx89oC |title=Rapt in the Name: The Ramnamis, Ramnam, and Untouchable Religion in Central India |date=2002-08-29 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-7914-5385-8 |language=en}}</ref> This sect is thought to be an offshoot of [[Ravidassia|Ravidasi sect]] and composed of lower strata of the Hindu society, particularly farmers, carpenters, goldsmiths etc.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lamb |first=Ramdas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=STw9LQtx89oC |title=Rapt in the Name: The Ramnamis, Ramnam, and Untouchable Religion in Central India |date=2002-08-29 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-7914-5385-8 |language=en}}</ref>
The sect was formed by ''Birbhan sadhji'' in Bijesar, a village near [[Narnaul]], [[Haryana]] in the year 1543 CE. They use the name ''Satnami'' to call upon the God. Hence, they call themselves as ''Satnamis''.<ref name="Hastings2003">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Grierson|first=George Abraham|author-link=George Abraham Grierson|editor-last=Hastings|editor-first=James|editor-link=James Hastings|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics]]|title=Sadhs|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Encyclopedia_of_Religion_and_Ethics_Volume_11.pdf&page=70|date=1908|publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]]|volume=XI: Sacrifice-Sudra|location=New York|pages=46–47}}</ref> Group or gathering of Sadh's is pronounced as "Sangat" संगत.  


Satnami revolt was a major rebellion against [[Aurangzeb]], the Mughal Emperor, occurred in [[Narnaul]] and surrounding localities in the year 1672, which was led by ''Sadh'' people. The revolt was caused by the oppression led by the revenue officials of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor.<ref name="Hastings2003" /> The absence from North India of the major proportion of royal troops helped the revolting people to establish a temporary gain and the movement of rebels towards Delhi became a matter of serious concern for the emperor himself. A large reinforcement was sent to contain the revolt and in the following battle thousands of rebels were killed.<ref name="Hastings2003"/><ref>https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.61973 |Chapter XV</ref>
==Present circumstances==
 
The Sadh speciliaze in printing on colour and silk cloth. The community is now involved in the retail side of this industry.<ref>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three by K S Singh page 1230 Manohar Publications</ref>
 
The Sadh have traditional [[caste]] councils, and these councils resolve any disputes within the community. They are an edogamous community, and follow the principle of [[gotra]] exogamy, a practice common among all [[North Indian]] [[Hindu]] community.
 
The Sadh are [[Hindu]], and followers of the [[Satnami]] sect. They are a vegatarian community.<ref>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part Three by K S Singh page 1229 Manohar Publications</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Sant Kabir]]
 
* [[Kori (people)|Kori]]
* [[Patwa]]
* [[Momin Ansari]]
* [[Dhagi]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Hindu denominations]]
[[Category:Bhakti-era Hindu sects]]
[[Category:Social groups of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Social groups of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Weaving communities of South Asia]]
[[Category:Weaving communities of South Asia]]
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