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{{ | {{Short description|South Indian title}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}} | {{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}} | ||
{{redirect-multi|3|Chetty|Chetti|Chetties|the Sri Lankan community|Sri Lankan Chetties}} | {{redirect-multi|3|Chetty|Chetti|Chetties|the Sri Lankan community|Sri Lankan Chetties}} | ||
[[File:Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace entrance - chettinadu architecture.jpg|thumb|Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace | [[File:Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace entrance - chettinadu architecture.jpg|thumb|Kanadukathan Chettinadu Palace, an example of Chettinadu architecture.]] | ||
'''Chettiar''' (also spelt as '''Chetti''' | '''Chettiar''' (also spelt as '''Chetti''' and '''Chetty''') is a title used by many traders, weaving, agricultural and land-owning [[caste]]s in [[South India]], especially in the [[States and union territories of India|Indian states]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]] and [[Karnataka]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/chettiar-band-avm-to-fm/282336 |title=Chettiar Band, AVM To FM|work=Outlook |access-date=2016-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-08-19/news/27516947_1_tamil-nadu-banking-southern-film-industry |title=Chettiars reign where wealth meets godliness |work=The Economic Times |access-date=2016-04-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/kp-vishwanath-sir-m-puttanna-chetty-town-hall-bbmp/articleshow/28562233.cms |title=BBMP move shocking: Puttanna Chetty's grandson}}</ref> | ||
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
Chettiar/Chetty is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] word {{IAST|Śreṣṭha}} ([[Devanagari]]: श्रेष्ठ) or {{IAST|Śreṣṭhin}} ([[Devanagari]]: श्रेष्ठीन्) meaning superior, [[Prakrit]]ised as {{IAST|Seṭhī}} ([[Devanagari]]: सेठी), and then {{IAST|Śeṭ}} ([[Devanagari]]: शेट) or {{IAST|Śeṭī}} ([[Devanagari]]: शेटी) in modern Indo-Aryan dialects.<ref>{{cite book |first=Ayesha |last=Jalal |title=Democracy and Authoritarianism in South Asia: A Comparative and Historical Perspective |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mHPok4epvlIC&q=South+india |year=1995 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-47862-5 |page=204}}</ref><ref name="isbn_978-0-521-22692-9 pages 27-28">{{cite book |first1=Tapan |last1=Raychaudhuri |first2=Irfan |last2=Habib |author-link2=Irfan Habib |first3=Dharma |last3=Kumar |title=The Cambridge Economic History of India: c.1200–c.1750 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L-s8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA26 |year=1982 |publisher=Cambridge University Press Archive |isbn=978-0-521-22692-9 |pages=27–28}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |date=1909|volume=12|title= The Dawn and Dawn Society's Magazine|publisher=Lall Mohan Mullick |location=Calcutta|page=91|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o7Q5AQAAIAAJ&q=chettiar}}:”In all the early Indian literatures, the word is applied to a very wealthy class of merchants, who invariably belonged to the Vysya class”</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Belle|first=Carl Vadivella|year=2017 |title= Thaipusam in Malaysia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kB1qDwAAQBAJ&q=chettiar+sudra&pg=PT126 |location=Singapore|publisher=ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute|isbn=9789814695756}}:”Although the Chettiars were originally a Sudra caste, in more recent times they have made claim to be considered as Vaisyas.”</ref><ref name="Pārttacārati2008">{{cite book|author=Intirā Pārttacārati|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-T4aAQAAIAAJ|title=Ramanujar: The Life and Ideas of Ramanuja|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-19-569161-0|page=98|quote=The Chetti, Vaisya, or merchant caste}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nwu3AAAAIAAJ|title=Population Review|date=1975|publisher=Indian Institute for Population Studies|pages=26|language=en}}</ref> | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Nagarathar]] | |||
*[[Vallanattu Chettiar]] | * [[Vallanattu Chettiar]] | ||
*[[Twenty four Manai Telugu Chettiars]] | * [[Twenty four Manai Telugu Chettiars]] | ||
*[[Devanga|Devanga Chettiar]] | * [[Devanga|Devanga Chettiar]] | ||
*[[Pattanavar]] | * [[Pattanavar]] | ||
*[[Chitty]] | * [[Chitty]] | ||
*[[Kandangi|Kandangi sari]] | * [[Kandangi|Kandangi sari]] | ||
* [[Pattusali]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
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[[Category:Sri Lankan Tamil society]] | [[Category:Sri Lankan Tamil society]] | ||
[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]] | [[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Indian castes]] | ||
[[Category:Merchant castes]] | [[Category:Merchant castes]] | ||
[[Category:Agricultural castes]] | [[Category:Agricultural castes]] | ||