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{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox Indian political party
{{Infobox Indian political party
|party_name          =  Indian Union Muslim League
|party_name          =  Indian Union Muslim League
|slogan              = Unity is Strength
|slogan              = Unity is Strength
|abbreviation        = I.U.M.L.
|abbreviation        = I. U. M. L. (the League)
|party_flag          = Flag of the Indian Union Muslim League.svg
|party_flag          = Flag of the Indian Union Muslim League.svg
|colorcode            = {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}  
|colorcode            = {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}  
Line 16: Line 15:
* {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1948|03|10}} (First Council)
* {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1948|03|10}} (First Council)
* {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1951|09|01}} (Constitution)
* {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1951|09|01}} (Constitution)
|founder              = [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]]
|founder              = [[M. Muhammad Ismail]]
|headquarters        = Quaid-e-Millath Manzil, No. 36, Maraikayar Lebbai Street, [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=9 May 2013|location=India|year=2013|archive-date=24 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124034729/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|headquarters        = Quaid-e-Millath Manzil, No. 36, Maraikayar Lebbai Street, [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=9 May 2013|location=India|year=2013|archive-date=24 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124034729/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|religion = [[Islam]]
|religion =  
|eci=
|eci=
|alliance            =  
|alliance            =  
* [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] (Kerala)
* [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] (Kerala)
* [[Secular Progressive Alliance]] (Tamil Nadu)
* [[Secular Progressive Alliance]] (Tamil Nadu)
* [[United Progressive Alliance]] (National Level)
* [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]] (national level)
|loksabha_seats      = {{Composition bar|3|543|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}}
|loksabha_seats      = {{Composition bar|3|543|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}}
|rajyasabha_seats    = {{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}}
|rajyasabha_seats    = {{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}}
|ideology            = [[Islam in Kerala|Muslim Representation]] <br />[[Conservativism]]
|ideology            = [[Communitarianism]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/ | title=The importance of IUML | date=11 April 2019 }}</ref><br />[[Conservatism]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-the-leaderless-face-of-anti-caa-agitation-is-it-political-orphanhood-of-muslims/302752 | title=Leaderless Anti-CAA Protests Underscore Muslim Political Orphanhood | date=4 February 2022 }}</ref>
|position            =  
|publication          = <small>(see below)</small>
|publication          = <small>(see below)</small>
*''Times of League''
*''Times of League''
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*''Manichudar''
*''Manichudar''
|youth                = [[Muslim Youth League]] (the Youth League) [http://iumyl.in/]
|youth                = [[Muslim Youth League]] (the Youth League) [http://iumyl.in/]
|students            = [[Muslim Students Federation]]
|students            = [[Muslim Students Federation (I. U. M. L.)|Muslim Students Federation (M. S. F.)]]
|expacts              = [[Kerala Muslim Cultural Centre]] (K M C C)
|expacts              = [[Kerala Muslim Cultural Centre]] (K. M. C. C.)
|women                = Indian Union Women's League
|women                = Indian Union Women's League
|labour              = [[Swatantra Thozhilali Union]] (STU)  
|labour              = [[Swatantra Thozhilali Union]] (S. T. U.)  
|peasants            =  Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Kerala)
|peasants            =  Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Kerala)
|website              =  
|website              =  
Line 42: Line 40:
| state_seats_name    = [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]]
| state_seats_name    = [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]]
|state_seats          = {{Composition bar|15|140|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}}
|state_seats          = {{Composition bar|15|140|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}}
}}
|Political position=[[Centre-right]]<ref>{{cite web|title=A coloured scheme of things|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-a-coloured-scheme-of-things/301479|url-status=live}}</ref>|party_logo=Indian Union Muslim Leage logo.jpg}}
The '''Indian Union Muslim League''' (also called '''IUML''') is an Indian political party primarily based in the [[List of state and union territory capitals in India|Indian state]] of [[Kerala]]. It is recognised as a [[List of political parties in India|State Party]] in Kerala by the [[Election Commission of India]].<ref name="ECI23092021">{{cite web|date=31 December 2021|title=List of Political Parties & Symbol MAIN Notification|url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/13711-list-of-political-parties-symbol-main-notification-dated23092021/|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>
The '''Indian Union Muslim League''' (abbreviated as the '''I. U. M. L.''' or '''the League''') is an Indian political party primarily based in the [[List of state and union territory capitals in India|Indian state]] of [[Kerala]]. It is recognised as a [[List of political parties in India|State Party]] in Kerala by the [[Election Commission of India]].<ref name="ECI23092021">{{cite web|date=31 December 2021|title=List of Political Parties & Symbol MAIN Notification|url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/13711-list-of-political-parties-symbol-main-notification-dated23092021/|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>


The first Council of the IUML, which was at the time the Indian successor of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]], was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of [[Madras]].<ref name=":4" /> The 'Indian Union Muslim League' constitution was passed on 1 September 1951.<ref name=":4" />
After the [[Partition of India]], the first Council of the Indian segment of the [[All-India Muslim League]] was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of Madras (now [[Chennai]]).<ref name=":42">Wright, T. (1966). The Muslim League in South India since Independence: A Study in Minority Group Political Strategies. ''The American Political Science Review,'' ''60''(3), 579-599. {{JSTOR|1952972}}</ref> The party renamed itself as the 'Indian Union Muslim League' and adopted a new constitution on 1 September 1951.<ref name=":42" />


The party is a member of the [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]], the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]]-led pre-poll state level alliance in Kerala<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-history-of-muslim-league-in-kerala-and-india-5660839/|title=Explained: History of Muslim League in Kerala and India|date=2019-04-06|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-08-04|archive-date=12 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412001430/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-history-of-muslim-league-in-kerala-and-india-5660839/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5">James Chiriyankandath (1996) Changing Muslim politics in Kerala: identity, interests and political strategies, ''Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs'', 16:2, 257-271.</ref> and has always had a constant, albeit small, presence in the [[Lok Sabha]].<ref name=":1" /> The party is a part of the [[United Progressive Alliance]] at the national level.<ref name=":1" /> The League got its first union minister (Minister of State for External Affairs) in the [[first Manmohan Singh ministry]] in 2004.<ref name=":6">{{cite web|agency=Press Trust of India|date=2004-06-19|title=E. Ahamed: Minister of State for External Affairs|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607160300/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-07|access-date=2020-06-07|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
I.U.M.L. is a major member of the opposition [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]], the [[Indian National Congress]]-led pre-poll state level alliance in Kerala.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=2019-04-06 |title=Explained: History of Muslim League in Kerala and India |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-history-of-muslim-league-in-kerala-and-india-5660839/ |access-date=2019-08-04 |website=The Indian Express |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref name=":52">James Chiriyankandath (1996) Changing Muslim politics in Kerala: identity, interests and political strategies, ''Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs'', 16:2, 257-271.</ref> Whenever the [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] rules in Kerala, the party leaders are chosen as important Cabinet Ministers. The party has always had a constant, albeit small, presence in the Indian Parliament.<ref name=":12" /> The party is a part of the [[United Progressive Alliance]] in national level.<ref name=":12" /> The League first gained a ministry (Minister of State for External Affairs) in [[Indian Government]] in 2004.<ref name=":62">{{Cite web |last=Press Trust of India |date=2004-06-19 |title=E. Ahamed: Minister of State for External Affairs |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200607160300/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html|archive-date= 7 June 2020|access-date=2020-06-07 |website=Hindustan Times |publication-place=}}</ref>


The party currently has five members in Parliament and 15 members in [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]].
The party currently has four members in Parliament - [[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]], [[M. P. Abdussamad Samadani]] and [[Navaskani|K. Navas Kani]] in the [[Lok Sabha]] and [[P. V. Abdul Wahab]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] - and fifteen members in [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala State Legislative Assembly]].


==History==
==History ==
After the partition of India in 1947, the [[All-India Muslim League]] was virtually disbanded. It was succeeded by the Indian segment of the Muslim League in the new Dominion of India (first session on 10 March 1948 and constitution passed on 1 September 1951).<ref name=":1" /> [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]], the then President of the Madras Muslim League (M. M. L.) was chosen as the Convener of the Indian segment of the League.<ref name=":4">Wright, T. (1966). The Muslim League in South India since Independence: A Study in Minority Group Political Strategies. ''The American Political Science Review,'' ''60''(3), 579-599.</ref> The Travancore League (the States' Muslim League) was merged with the Malabar League in November, 1956.<ref name=":4" />
[[File:Muhammad Ismail 1996 stamp of India.jpg|thumb| [[M. Muhammad Ismail|Muhammad Ismail Sahib]] on a 1996 stamp of India]]
[[File:Panakkad_Shihab_Thangal_2010_stamp_of_India.jpg|thumb|A postage stamp released in commemoration of [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] (1936-2009). |256x256px]]
After the partition of India in 1947, the [[All-India Muslim League]] was virtually disbanded. It was succeeded by the Indian segment of the Muslim League in the new Dominion of India (first session on 10 March 1948 and constitution passed on 1 September 1951).<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=2019-04-06 |title=Explained: History of Muslim League in Kerala and India |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-history-of-muslim-league-in-kerala-and-india-5660839/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412001430/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-history-of-muslim-league-in-kerala-and-india-5660839/ |archive-date=12 April 2020 |access-date=2019-08-04 |website=The Indian Express |language=en-IN}}</ref> [[M. Muhammad Ismail]], the then President of the Madras unit of the Muslim League was chosen as the Convener of the Indian segment of the party.<ref name=":42"/> The Travancore Muslim League (the States' Muslim League) was merged with the Malabar League in November, 1956.<ref name=":42"/>


Indian Union Muslim League contests [[Elections in India|General Elections]] under the Indian Constitution.<ref name=":1" /> The party is normally represented by two members in the Indian Lower House (the [[Lok Sabha]]).<ref name=":1" /> [[B. Pocker]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the First Lower House (1952–57) from the Madras Muslim League (M. M. L.).<ref name=":1" /> The party currently has four members in Parliament.
Indian Union Muslim League contests [[Elections in India|General Elections]] under the Indian Constitution.<ref name=":1" /> The party is normally represented by two members in the Indian Lower House (the [[Lok Sabha]]).<ref name=":1" /> [[B. Pocker]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the First Lower House (1952–57) from the Madras Muslim League.<ref name=":1" /> The party currently has four members in Parliament.


Apart from Kerala and West Bengal, the League had Legislative Assembly members in Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Maharastra, Karanataka, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Indian Union Muslim League|url=http://indianunionmuslimleague.in/history-indian-union-muslim-league-iuml#selection-199.0-199.37|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130217225317/http://indianunionmuslimleague.in/history-indian-union-muslim-league-iuml#selection-199.0-199.37|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-02-17|website=Indian Union Muslim League (website)}}</ref> In [[West Bengal]], the League had won Assembly seats in the 1970s, and A. K. A. Hassanussaman was a member of the [[Ajoy Mukherjee]] cabinet.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ameerudheen|first=T. A.|date=2017-05-21|title=Will the Muslim League's decision to go national affect Asaduddin Owaisi plans for his party?|url=https://scroll.in/article/832220/will-the-muslim-leagues-decision-to-go-national-affect-asaduddin-owaisi-plans-for-his-party|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612061603/https://scroll.in/article/832220/will-the-muslim-leagues-decision-to-go-national-affect-asaduddin-owaisi-plans-for-his-party|archive-date=2020-06-12|website=Scroll}}</ref>
Apart from Kerala and West Bengal, the League had Legislative Assembly members in Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Maharastra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Indian Union Muslim League|url=http://indianunionmuslimleague.in/history-indian-union-muslim-league-iuml#selection-199.0-199.37|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130217225317/http://indianunionmuslimleague.in/history-indian-union-muslim-league-iuml#selection-199.0-199.37|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-02-17|website=Indian Union Muslim League (website)}}</ref> In [[West Bengal]], the League had won Assembly seats in the 1970s, and A. K. A. Hassanussaman was a member of the [[Ajoy Mukherjee]] cabinet.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ameerudheen|first=T. A.|date=2017-05-21|title=Will the Muslim League's decision to go national affect Asaduddin Owaisi plans for his party?|url=https://scroll.in/article/832220/will-the-muslim-leagues-decision-to-go-national-affect-asaduddin-owaisi-plans-for-his-party|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612061603/https://scroll.in/article/832220/will-the-muslim-leagues-decision-to-go-national-affect-asaduddin-owaisi-plans-for-his-party|archive-date=2020-06-12|website=Scroll}}</ref>


Indian Union Muslim League first gained a ministry in Kerala Government as part of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Communist Party of India Marxist]]-led United Front in 1967. The party switched fronts in 1969 and formed an alliance with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1976.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Menon|first=Girish|date=2016-03-22|title=How the Muslim League is at peace with itself|work=The Hindu|publication-place=Trivandrum|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-how-the-muslim-league-is-at-peace-with-itself/article8381995.ece|access-date=13 June 2020|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613054805/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-how-the-muslim-league-is-at-peace-with-itself/article8381995.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> It later became a chief constituent in a succession of [[Indian National Congress]]-lead ministries.<ref name=":5" />
Indian Union Muslim League first gained a ministry in Kerala Government as part of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Communist Party of India Marxist]]-led United Front in 1967. The party switched fronts in 1969 and formed an alliance with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1976.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Menon|first=Girish|date=2016-03-22|title=How the Muslim League is at peace with itself|work=The Hindu|publication-place=Trivandrum|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-how-the-muslim-league-is-at-peace-with-itself/article8381995.ece|access-date=13 June 2020|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613054805/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-how-the-muslim-league-is-at-peace-with-itself/article8381995.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":52"/> It later became a chief constituent in a succession of [[Indian National Congress]]-led ministries.<ref name=":52"/>


=== Early years ===
=== Early years ===
*First Council of the Indian segment of the Muslim League was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of Madras (now [[Chennai]]).<ref name=":4" />
*First Council of the Indian segment of the Muslim League was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of Madras (now [[Chennai]]).<ref name=":42"/>
*On 1 September 1951 the 'Indian Union Muslim League' came into being in Madras (constitution was passed).<ref name=":4" />
*On 1 September 1951 the 'Indian Union Muslim League' came into being in Madras (constitution was passed).<ref name=":42"/>
*[[B. Pocker|B. Pocker Sahib]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the first Lok Sabha (1952–57).<ref name=":1" />
*[[B. Pocker|B. Pocker Sahib]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the first Lok Sabha (1952–57).<ref name=":1" />
*[[K. M. Seethi Sahib|K. M Seethi Sahib]] served as the Speaker of the Kerala Assemby from 1960 to 1961.''<ref>{{cite web|year=2007|title=SPEAKERS AND DEPUTY SPEAKERS OF KERALA LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY|url=http://niyamasabha.org/codes/Speakers%20&%20Deputy%20Speakers%20Book%20Final.pdf|website=Kerala Legislative Assembly|publisher=Secretariat of the Kerala Legislature|publication-place=Trivandrum|access-date=14 October 2021|archive-date=8 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608071039/http://niyamasabha.org/codes/Speakers%20%26%20Deputy%20Speakers%20Book%20Final.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>''
*[[K. M. Seethi Sahib|K. M Seethi Sahib]] served as the Speaker of the Kerala Assembly from 1960 to 1961.''<ref>{{cite web|year=2007|title=SPEAKERS AND DEPUTY SPEAKERS OF KERALA LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY|url=http://niyamasabha.org/codes/Speakers%20&%20Deputy%20Speakers%20Book%20Final.pdf|website=Kerala Legislative Assembly|publisher=Secretariat of the Kerala Legislature|publication-place=Trivandrum|access-date=14 October 2021|archive-date=8 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608071039/http://niyamasabha.org/codes/Speakers%20%26%20Deputy%20Speakers%20Book%20Final.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>''


=== From the 1960s to the 80s ===
=== From the 1960s to the 80s ===
*The League gained a ministry in [[Kerala Government]] in 1967 ([[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] and [[M. P. M. Ahammed Kurikkal]]).<ref name=":5" />
*The League gained a ministry in [[Kerala Government]] in 1967 ([[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] and [[M. P. M. Ahammed Kurikkal]]).<ref name=":52"/>
*The League oversaw the creation of the [[University of Calicut]], the second university in Kerala, in 1968.<ref name=":5" />
*The League oversaw the creation of the [[University of Calicut]], the second university in Kerala, in 1968.<ref name=":52"/>
* Contribution to local government - the League oversaw the creation of [[Malappuram District]] in 1969.<ref name=":5" />
* Contribution to local government - the League oversaw the creation of [[Malappuram District]] in 1969.<ref name=":52"/>
*Death of [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] (1972) and [[Syed Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal|Bafaqy Thangal]] (1973).<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|last=Wright|date=1948-06-23|title=Muslims and the 1977 Indian Elections: A Watershed?|url=https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/17/12/1207/21233/Muslims-and-the-1977-Indian-Elections-A-Watershed|journal=Asian Survey|language=en|volume=17|issue=12|pages=1207–1220|doi=10.2307/2643422|jstor=2643422|issn=0004-4687|access-date=13 June 2020|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613063204/https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/17/12/1207/21233/Muslims-and-the-1977-Indian-Elections-A-Watershed|url-status=live}}</ref> Syed Ummer Bafaqy Thangal rebels against the leadership.<ref name=":9" />
*Death of [[M. Muhammad Ismail]] (1972) and [[Syed Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal|Bafaqy Thangal]] (1973).<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|last=Wright|date=1948-06-23|title=Muslims and the 1977 Indian Elections: A Watershed?|url=https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/17/12/1207/21233/Muslims-and-the-1977-Indian-Elections-A-Watershed|journal=Asian Survey|language=en|volume=17|issue=12|pages=1207–1220|doi=10.2307/2643422|jstor=2643422|issn=0004-4687|access-date=13 June 2020|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613063204/https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/17/12/1207/21233/Muslims-and-the-1977-Indian-Elections-A-Watershed|url-status=live}}</ref> Syed Ummer Bafaqy Thangal rebels against the leadership.<ref name=":9" />


=== With the Congress Party ===
=== With the Congress Party ===
Line 88: Line 88:
*[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] dispatched [[E. Ahamed]] to the [[United Nations]] ([[United Nations Office at Geneva|Geneva]]) to represent India (2004).<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":14" />
*[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] dispatched [[E. Ahamed]] to the [[United Nations]] ([[United Nations Office at Geneva|Geneva]]) to represent India (2004).<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":14" />
*Mid-2000s witnessed the Manjeri (2004) and the [[Kuttippuram (State Assembly constituency)|Kuttippuram]]-[[Mankada (State Assembly constituency)|Mankada]] (2006) defeats.<ref>{{cite web|last=Naha|first=Abdul Latheef|date=2014-03-25|title=Muslim votes not a monolithic bloc|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/muslim-votes-not-a-monolithic-bloc/article5829659.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606110048/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/muslim-votes-not-a-monolithic-bloc/article5829659.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-06|access-date=2020-06-06|website=The Hindu|publication-place=Malappuram}}</ref>
*Mid-2000s witnessed the Manjeri (2004) and the [[Kuttippuram (State Assembly constituency)|Kuttippuram]]-[[Mankada (State Assembly constituency)|Mankada]] (2006) defeats.<ref>{{cite web|last=Naha|first=Abdul Latheef|date=2014-03-25|title=Muslim votes not a monolithic bloc|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/muslim-votes-not-a-monolithic-bloc/article5829659.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606110048/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/muslim-votes-not-a-monolithic-bloc/article5829659.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-06|access-date=2020-06-06|website=The Hindu|publication-place=Malappuram}}</ref>
*The League first gained a ministry ([[E. Ahamed]]) in [[Indian Government]] ([[Manmohan Singh]] Ministry) in 2004.<ref name=":6" />
*The League first gained a ministry ([[E. Ahamed]]) in [[Indian Government]] ([[Manmohan Singh]] Ministry) in 2004.<ref name=":6">{{cite web |date=2004-06-19 |title=E. Ahamed: Minister of State for External Affairs |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607160300/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html |archive-date=2020-06-07 |access-date=2020-06-07 |website=Hindustan Times |agency=Press Trust of India}}</ref>
*Panakkad Syed [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] died in 2009.<ref name=":8" />
*Panakkad Syed [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] died in 2009.<ref name=":8" />
*The League won a record 20 out of the contested 23 seats in the [[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011 Assembly Elections]].
*The League won a record 20 out of the contested 23 seats in the [[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011 Assembly Elections]].
*The League remains in the Opposition for two consecutive terms ([[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016]] and [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]])
===National Presidents of Indian Union Muslim League===


===Former National Presidents of Indian Union Muslim League===


{| class="sortable wikitable"
{| class="sortable wikitable"
|- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
|- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
! No. !! Tenure !! Name !! State
! No.
! Name
! Portrait
! Tenure  
! Home State
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| 1 || 1948-1972 || Qaid e Millath [[Muhammed Ismail]] Sahib||[[Tamil Nadu]]
| 1  
| [[Muhammed Ismail|M. Muhammed Ismail]]
| [[File:M. Muhammad Ismail (Postage Stamp, Government of India).jpg|90px]]
| 10 March 1948 — 5 April 1972
| [[Tamil Nadu]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| 2 || 1972-1973 || Syed [[Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal]] || [[Kerala]]
| 2  
|[[Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal|Bafaqy Thangal]]
|
| 1972 — 19 January 1973
| [[Kerala]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| 3 || 1973-1994 || [[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]] || [[Karnataka]]
| 3  
| [[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]]  
|
| 1973—1994
| [[Karnataka]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| 4 || 1994-2008 || [[G. M. Banatwalla]] || [[Maharashtra]]
| 4  
| [[G. M. Banatwala]]
|
| 1994— 25 June 2008
| [[Maharashtra]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| 5 || 2008-2017 || [[E. Ahamed]] || [[Kerala]]
| 5  
| [[E. Ahamed]]
| [[File:The portrait of the Minister of State for Railways, Shri E. Ahammed.jpg|90px]]
| 25 June 2008 — 1 February 2017
| [[Kerala]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| 6 || 2017–present || Prof. [[K.M. Kader Mohideen]] || [[Tamil Nadu]]
| 6  
| [[K.M. Kader Mohideen|K. M. Kader Mohideen]]
| [[File:Shaik Mydeen with K. M. Kader Mohideen (cropped).jpg|90px]]
| 27 February 2017 — present
| [[Tamil Nadu]]
|}
|}


Line 115: Line 145:
{{Blockquote  
{{Blockquote  
| title =  
| title =  
| quote =  The [Indian Union Muslim League] party...has shown strands of identity politics, but largely remained communitarian; it has at times been conservative, but never communal. It has furthered Muslim aspirations without antagonising any other segment—and hence has retained its centrality in the larger Kerala polity
| quote =  The [Indian Union Muslim League] party...has shown strands of identity politics, but largely remained communitarian; it has at times been conservative, but never communal. It has furthered Muslim aspirations without antagonising any other segment—and hence has retained its centrality in the larger Kerala polity.
| source =  ''Outlook'' [https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-the-leaderless-face-of-anti-caa-agitation-is-it-political-orphanhood-of-muslims/302752]
| source =  ''[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]]''<ref>{{cite news |author1=Salik Ahmad |title=The Leaderless Face Of Anti-CAA Agitation -- Is It Political Orphanhood Of Muslims? |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-the-leaderless-face-of-anti-caa-agitation-is-it-political-orphanhood-of-muslims/302752 |access-date=30 March 2023 |work=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] |date=17 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207081006/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-the-leaderless-face-of-anti-caa-agitation-is-it-political-orphanhood-of-muslims/302752 |archive-date=7 February 2020}}</ref>
}}
}}


Line 122: Line 152:
| title =  
| title =  
| quote =  The distinctive feature of the [Indian Union] Muslim League in Kerala is that it strove to keep the [Muslim] community at the centre of the [Kerala] state's politics, unlike other Muslim political formations elsewhere in India that revelled in confessional isolationism. As a result, the Kerala Muslims emerged as probably the only community of that faith in India that achieved genuine political empowerment on the one hand and, on the other, lived out the promise of equal citizenship enshrined in the [Indian] Constitution.
| quote =  The distinctive feature of the [Indian Union] Muslim League in Kerala is that it strove to keep the [Muslim] community at the centre of the [Kerala] state's politics, unlike other Muslim political formations elsewhere in India that revelled in confessional isolationism. As a result, the Kerala Muslims emerged as probably the only community of that faith in India that achieved genuine political empowerment on the one hand and, on the other, lived out the promise of equal citizenship enshrined in the [Indian] Constitution.
| source =  ''Outlook'' [https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/malappuram-isnt-mini-kashmir/299195]
| source =  ''Outlook''<ref>{{cite news |author1=Shajahan Madampat |title=Malappuram Isn’t Mini Kashmir |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/malappuram-isnt-mini-kashmir/299195 |access-date=30 March 2023 |work=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] |date=21 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811145245/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/malappuram-isnt-mini-kashmir/299195 |archive-date=11 August 2017}}</ref>
  }}
  }}


Line 128: Line 158:
| title =  
| title =  
| quote =  If organising a religious community politically on the basis of antagonism to another is communalism, the IUML has never mobilised its cadre nor used its political and often administrative clout to create religious divides. On the contrary, whenever the state faced a communally sensitive situation, the party rose to the occasion and played a stellar role in dousing the flames....By practicing a brand of politics that could be termed communitarian rather than communal, the IUML succeeded in actualising the constitutional guarantee of equal citizenship for the Muslims in the state.
| quote =  If organising a religious community politically on the basis of antagonism to another is communalism, the IUML has never mobilised its cadre nor used its political and often administrative clout to create religious divides. On the contrary, whenever the state faced a communally sensitive situation, the party rose to the occasion and played a stellar role in dousing the flames....By practicing a brand of politics that could be termed communitarian rather than communal, the IUML succeeded in actualising the constitutional guarantee of equal citizenship for the Muslims in the state.
| source =  ''The Indian Express'' [https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/]
| source =  ''[[The Indian Express]]''<ref>{{cite news |author1=Shajahan Madampat |title=The importance of IUML |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/ |access-date=30 March 2023 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=11 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411030104/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/ |archive-date=11 April 2019}}</ref>
  }}
  }}
IUML was formed "to preserve and promote the religious and cultural identities of Indian Muslims and other minorities and backward classes of the country". Even though the constitution of IUML has pledged allegiance to the secular [[Constitution of India]], the party has opposed many constitutional verdicts by the [[Supreme Court of India]] like those allowing the [[entry of women to Sabarimala|entry of women of menstruating age to Sabarimala temple]] & abolishing [[Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code|Section 377]] & [[Adultery law in India|Section 497]] of the Indian Penal Code, in which the court had upheld the constitutional right to equality above religious & cultural values.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/sabarimala-temple-kerala-hindu-outfits-iuml-muslim-save-sabarimala-kozhikode-lord-ayyappa-supreme-court-of-india-kottayam-district-indian-union-muslim/297207|title=Sabarimala temple row: not only Hindu outfits, IUML too raises slogans to 'save Sabarimala' in Kerala|website=Times Now|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=10 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010133009/https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/sabarimala-temple-kerala-hindu-outfits-iuml-muslim-save-sabarimala-kozhikode-lord-ayyappa-supreme-court-of-india-kottayam-district-indian-union-muslim/297207|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/trichy/indian-union-muslim-league-opposes-sc-verdict-says-it-is-against-indian-culture/amp_articleshow/65712288.cms|title=Indian Union Muslim League opposes Supreme Court verdict, says it is against Indian culture|website=Times of India|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=14 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014050122/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/trichy/indian-union-muslim-league-opposes-sc-verdict-says-it-is-against-indian-culture/articleshow/65712288.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>


== Composition ==
== Composition ==
[[File:Panakkad_Shihab_Thangal_2010_stamp_of_India.jpg|thumb|A postage stamp released in commemoration of [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] (1936-2009). |256x256px]]
[[File:The_Prime_Minister,_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_releasing_a_postage_stamp_in_commemoration_of_Janab_Syed_Mohammed_Ali_Shihab_Thangal,_in_New_Delhi_on_August_02,_2010.jpg|thumb|297x297px|The Prime Minister [[Manmohan Singh]] (2004-14) releasing a postage stamp in commemoration of [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] (1936-2009). [[E. Ahamed]], [[Sayed Hyderali Shihab Thangal|Hyder Ali Shihab Thangal]] and [[Sachin Pilot]] are also seen.]]
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Designation !! Name
! Designation !! Name
|-
|-
|'''Chairman-Political Advisory'''||[[Sayed Hyderali Shihab Thangal]] (Kerala)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/15/stories/2009081555430700.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819181016/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/15/stories/2009081555430700.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 August 2009|title=Hyderali Shihab Thangal, chief of IUML in Kerala|date=15 August 2009|access-date=25 October 2009|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>
|'''Chairman-Political Advisory'''||[[Sayyid Sadiq Ali Shihab Thangal|Sadiq Ali Thangal]] (Kerala)
|-
|-
|'''National President'''||[[K. M. Kader Mohideen]] (Tamil Nadu)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/k-m-khader-mohideen-is-iuml-national-president-881941-2017-02-26|title=K M Khader Mohideen is IUML National President|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=2018-09-16|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164353/https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/k-m-khader-mohideen-is-iuml-national-president-881941-2017-02-26|url-status=live}}</ref>
|'''National President'''||[[K. M. Kader Mohideen]] (Tamil Nadu)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/k-m-khader-mohideen-is-iuml-national-president-881941-2017-02-26|title=K M Khader Mohideen is IUML National President|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=2018-09-16|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164353/https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/k-m-khader-mohideen-is-iuml-national-president-881941-2017-02-26|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |'''Vice-presidents'''
| rowspan="2" |'''Vice Presidents'''
|Iqbal Ahmed (Uttar Pradesh)
|Iqbal Ahmed (Uttar Pradesh)
|-
|-
Line 177: Line 203:
* Youth Wing: [[Muslim Youth League|Muslim Youth League (the Youth League)]] [http://iumyl.in/]
* Youth Wing: [[Muslim Youth League|Muslim Youth League (the Youth League)]] [http://iumyl.in/]
**National President: Asif Ansari (New Delhi)
**National President: Asif Ansari (New Delhi)
**National Secretary: Faisal Babu<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/india/faisal-babu-is-the-all-india-general-secretary-of-youth-league-778235 |title=Faisal Babu is the All India General Secretary of the Youth League |date=19 March 2021 |access-date=20 May 2021 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517170423/https://www.madhyamam.com/india/faisal-babu-is-the-all-india-general-secretary-of-youth-league-778235 |url-status=live }}</ref> (Kerala)
**National Secretary: Faisal Babu (Kerala)<ref>{{cite web |date=19 March 2021 |title=Faisal Babu is the All India General Secretary of the Youth League |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/india/faisal-babu-is-the-all-india-general-secretary-of-youth-league-778235 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517170423/https://www.madhyamam.com/india/faisal-babu-is-the-all-india-general-secretary-of-youth-league-778235 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=20 May 2021}}</ref>
**Kerala State President: Syed Munawar Ali Shihab Thangal  
**Kerala State President: Sayyid Munavvar Ali Shihab Thangal
**Kerala State General Secretary: P. K. Firoz
**Kerala State General Secretary: P. K. Firoz
*Students' Wing: [[Muslim Students Federation]]
*Students' Wing: [[Muslim Students Federation (I. U. M. L.)|Muslim Students Federation (M. S. F.)]]
**National President: T. P. Asharafali
**National President: P.V. Ahamed Saju
**National General Secretary: S. H. Muhammed Arshad
**National General Secretary: S. H. Muhammed Arshad
* Dalit wing: Indian Union Dalit League
* Scheduled Caste Wing: Indian Union Dalit League
* Women's Political Wing: [[Msf Haritha]] ,Muslim Women's League
* Women's Political Wing: [[Msf Haritha|M. S. F Haritha]] and Indian Union Women's League
* Trade Union Organization (Kerala): Swathanthra Thozhilali Union (S. T. U., Independent Workers Union)
* Trade Union Organization (Kerala): Swathanthra Thozhilali Union (S. T. U., Independent Workers Union)
* Peasants' Union (Kerala): Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Independent Peasants Union)
* Peasants' Union (Kerala): Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Independent Peasants Union)
Line 194: Line 220:


=== Early years (1957 - 1979/80) ===
=== Early years (1957 - 1979/80) ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; background:#ffffff; width:90%" "
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; background:#ffffff; width:90%"
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Election
! rowspan="2" |Election
!Seats
!Seats
! rowspan="2" |Vote %
! rowspan="2" |Vote%
! rowspan="2" |Government/Opposition
! rowspan="2" |Government/Opposition
! rowspan="2" |Ministers
! rowspan="2" |Ministers
Line 215: Line 241:
| rowspan="2" |1960
| rowspan="2" |1960
| rowspan="2" |11 (12)
| rowspan="2" |11 (12)
| rowspan="2" |5.0
| rowspan="2" |5.0 {{increase}}
|Government ([[Pattom Thanu Pillai|Pattom]] Ministry)
|Government ([[Pattom Thanu Pillai|Pattom]] Ministry)
1960 - 62
1960 - 62
Line 229: Line 255:
|1965
|1965
|6 (16)
|6 (16)
|3.71
|3.71 {{decrease}}
| colspan="2" |Inconclusive (no government formed)<ref name=":3" />
| colspan="2" |Inconclusive (no government formed)<ref name=":3" />
|<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":10" />
|<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":10" />
Line 235: Line 261:
| rowspan="2" |1967
| rowspan="2" |1967
| rowspan="2" |14 (15)
| rowspan="2" |14 (15)
| rowspan="2" |6.75
| rowspan="2" |6.75 {{increase}}
|Government<ref name=":5" /> ([[E. M. S. Namboodiripad|Namboodiripad]] Ministry)
|Government<ref name=":52"/> ([[E. M. S. Namboodiripad|Namboodiripad]] Ministry)


1967 - 69
1967 - 69
Line 242: Line 268:
*[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]]
*[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]]
*[[M. P. M. Ahammed Kurikkal]] (succeeded by [[K. Avukader Kutty Naha|K. Avukaderkutty Naha]])
*[[M. P. M. Ahammed Kurikkal]] (succeeded by [[K. Avukader Kutty Naha|K. Avukaderkutty Naha]])
|<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":15" />
|<ref name=":52"/><ref name=":15" />
|-
|-
|Government ([[C. Achutha Menon|Achutha Menon]] Ministry)
|Government ([[C. Achutha Menon|Achutha Menon]] Ministry)
Line 253: Line 279:
|1970
|1970
|11 (20)
|11 (20)
|7.7
|7.7 {{increase}}
|Government ([[C. Achutha Menon|Achutha Menon]] Ministry)
|Government ([[C. Achutha Menon|Achutha Menon]] Ministry)
1970 - 77
1970 - 77
Line 263: Line 289:
| rowspan="4" |1977
| rowspan="4" |1977
| rowspan="4" |13 (16)
| rowspan="4" |13 (16)
| rowspan="4" |6.65
| rowspan="4" |6.65 {{decrease}}
|Government ([[K. Karunakaran|Karunakaran]] Ministry)
|Government ([[K. Karunakaran|Karunakaran]] Ministry)
1977
1977
Line 290: Line 316:


=== With the United Democratic Front (1979/80 - present) ===
=== With the United Democratic Front (1979/80 - present) ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; background:#ffffff; width:90%" "
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; background:#ffffff; width:90%"
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Election
! rowspan="2" |Election
!Seats
!Seats
! rowspan="2" |Vote %
! rowspan="2" |Vote %
! rowspan="2" |Government/Opposition<ref name=":5" />
! rowspan="2" |Government/Opposition<ref name=":52"/>
! rowspan="2" |Ministers
! rowspan="2" |Ministers
|-
|-
Line 302: Line 328:
| rowspan="2" |1980
| rowspan="2" |1980
| rowspan="2" |14 (21)
| rowspan="2" |14 (21)
| rowspan="2" |7.18
| rowspan="2" |7.18 {{increase}}
| colspan="2" |Opposition (to [[E. K. Nayanar|Nayanar]] Ministry)
| colspan="2" |Opposition (to [[E. K. Nayanar|Nayanar]] Ministry)
1980 - 81
1980 - 81
Line 313: Line 339:
| 1982
| 1982
| 14 (18)
| 14 (18)
|6.17
|6.17 {{decrease}}
|Government ([[K. Karunakaran|Karunakaran]] Ministry)
|Government ([[K. Karunakaran|Karunakaran]] Ministry)
1982 - 87
1982 - 87
Line 323: Line 349:
| 1987
| 1987
| 15 (23)
| 15 (23)
|7.73
|7.73 {{increase}}
| colspan="2" |Opposition
| colspan="2" |Opposition


Line 332: Line 358:
| rowspan="2" |1991
| rowspan="2" |1991
| rowspan="2" |19 (22)
| rowspan="2" |19 (22)
|7.37
| rowspan="2" |7.37 {{decrease}}
|Government
|Government


Line 344: Line 370:
* C.T. Ahammed Ali
* C.T. Ahammed Ali
|-
|-
|
|Government
|Government
([[A. K. Antony|Antony]] Ministry)
([[A. K. Antony|Antony]] Ministry)
Line 354: Line 379:
*[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]]
*[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]]
*[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer|E. T. Mohammad Basheer]]
*[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer|E. T. Mohammad Basheer]]
|-
|1996
|13 (23)
|7.19 {{decrease}}
| colspan="2" |Opposition
(to [[E. K. Nayanar|Nayanar]] Ministry)
1996 - 2001
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |2001
| rowspan="2" |2001
| rowspan="2" |16 (21)
| rowspan="2" |16 (21)
| rowspan="2" |7.59
| rowspan="2" |7.59 {{increase}}
|Government
|Government
([[A. K. Antony|Antony]] Ministry)
([[A. K. Antony|Antony]] Ministry)
Line 380: Line 413:
|2006
|2006
|7 (21)
|7 (21)
|7.30
|7.30 {{decrease}}
| colspan="2" |Opposition
| colspan="2" |Opposition
(to [[V. S. Achuthanandan|Achuthanandan]] Ministry)
(to [[V. S. Achuthanandan|Achuthanandan]] Ministry)
Line 388: Line 421:
|2011
|2011
|20 (23)
|20 (23)
|7.92
|7.92 {{increase}}
|Government
|Government
([[Oommen Chandy|Chandy]] Ministry)
([[Oommen Chandy|Chandy]] Ministry)
Line 402: Line 435:
|2016
|2016
|18 (23)
|18 (23)
|7.40
|7.40 {{decrease}}
| colspan="2" |Opposition
| colspan="2" |Opposition
(to [[Pinarayi Vijayan|Vijayan]] Ministry)
(to [[Pinarayi Vijayan|Vijayan]] Ministry)
Line 410: Line 443:
|2021
|2021
|15 (25)
|15 (25)
|8.27
|8.27 {{increase}}
| colspan="2" |Opposition
| colspan="2" |Opposition
(to Vijayan Ministry)
(to Vijayan Ministry)
Line 426: Line 459:
! colspan="2" |Kerala
! colspan="2" |Kerala
|-
|-
| colspan="2" |'''[[Kasaragod district|''Kasaragod'']]'''
| colspan="2" |'''[[Kasaragod district|Kasaragod]]'''
|-
|-
|[[Manjeshwaram (State Assembly constituency)|Manjeshwaram]]
|[[Manjeshwaram (State Assembly constituency)|Manjeshwaram]]
Line 433: Line 466:
|[[Kasaragod (State Assembly constituency)|Kasaragod]]||[[N. A. Nellikkunnu]]
|[[Kasaragod (State Assembly constituency)|Kasaragod]]||[[N. A. Nellikkunnu]]
|-
|-
| colspan="2" |'''[[Kozhikode district|''Kozhikode'']]'''
| colspan="2" |'''[[Kozhikode district|Kozhikode]]'''
|-
|-
|[[Koduvally (State Assembly constituency)|Koduvally]]||[[M. K. Muneer]]
|[[Koduvally (State Assembly constituency)|Koduvally]]||[[M. K. Muneer]]
|-
|-
| colspan="2" |'''[[Malappuram district|''Malappuram'']]'''
| colspan="2" |'''[[Malappuram district|Malappuram]]'''
|-
|-
|[[Kondotty (State Assembly constituency)|Kondotty]]||[[T. V. Ibrahim]]
|[[Kondotty (State Assembly constituency)|Kondotty]]||[[T. V. Ibrahim]]
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|[[Kottakkal (State assembly constituency)|Kottakkal]]||[[K. K. Abid Hussain Thangal]]
|[[Kottakkal (State assembly constituency)|Kottakkal]]||[[K. K. Abid Hussain Thangal]]
|-
|-
| colspan="2" |'''[[Palakkad district|''Palakkad'']]'''
| colspan="2" |'''[[Palakkad district|Palakkad]]'''
|-
|-
|[[Mannarkkad (State Assembly constituency)|Mannarkkad]]||[[N. Samsudheen]]
|[[Mannarkkad (State Assembly constituency)|Mannarkkad]]||[[N. Samsudheen]]
|}
|}


== Lower House (the Lok Sabha) ==
== Members of Parliament ==
 
=== Loksabha ===
''Source: [http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/lokprev.aspx Loksabha]''
''Source: [http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/lokprev.aspx Loksabha]''
{{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
{{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
Line 476: Line 511:
*3rd House
*3rd House
**[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] (Kozhikode)
**[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] (Kozhikode)
**[[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] (Manjeri)
**[[M. Muhammad Ismail]] (Manjeri)
*4th House
*4th House
**[[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] (Manjeri)
**[[M. Muhammad Ismail]] (Manjeri)
**[[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]] (Kozhikode)
**[[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]] (Kozhikode)
**[[S. M. Muhammed Sheriff]](Ramanathapuram)
**[[S. M. Muhammed Sheriff]] (Ramanathapuram)
*5th House
*5th House
**[[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] (Manjeri)
**[[M. Muhammad Ismail]] (Manjeri)
**[[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]] (Kozhikode)
**[[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]] (Kozhikode)
**[[S. M. Muhammed Sheriff]](Periyakulam)
**[[S. M. Muhammed Sheriff]] (Periyakulam)
**[[Chowdhury Abu Taleb|Abu Taleb Chowdhury]] ([[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]) - independent
**[[Chowdhury Abu Taleb|Abu Taleb Chowdhury]] ([[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]) - independent
*6th-9th Houses
*6th-9th Houses
Line 504: Line 539:
**[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani)
**[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani)
* 17th House
* 17th House
**[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]] and [[M. P. Abdussamad Samadani]](Malappuram)
**[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]] and [[M. P. Abdussamad Samadani]] (Malappuram)
**[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani)
**[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani)
**[[Navaskani|K. Navas Kani]] (Ramanathapuram)
**[[Navaskani|K. Navas Kani]] (Ramanathapuram)
}}
}}


==Council of States (the Rajya Sabha)==
=== Rajya Sabha ===
''Source: [https://web.archive.org/web/20200613053000/https://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/fellowship/Hilal_Ahmed.pdf Rajyasabha]''
''Source: [https://web.archive.org/web/20200613053000/https://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/fellowship/Hilal_Ahmed.pdf Rajyasabha]''
{{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
{{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
'''Madras'''
'''Madras'''
* [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] (1952–58)  - independent
* [[M. Muhammad Ismail]] (1952–58)  - independent


'''Kerala'''
'''Kerala'''
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}}
}}


==Principal mass organisations of IUML==
==Recent Controversies==
*[[Muslim Youth League]]
*[[Muslim Students Federation]]
*[[Kerala Muslim Cultural Centre]]
*Indian Union Dalit League
*[[White Guard Volunteers (Kerala India)]]
*[[Msf Haritha]]
*[[Swatantra Thozhilali Union]]


==Controversies==
The Muslim League has opposed the [[Supreme Court of India]] verdict regarding [[entry of women to Sabarimala|entry of adult women to Sabarimala temple]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabarimala verdict: Indian Union Muslim League for review petition; urges UDF to back devotees |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2018/oct/05/sabarimala-verdict-indian-union-muslim-league-for-review-petition-urges-udf-to-back-devotees-1881206.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-18 |title=Kerala Polls 2021: CPM Indulging In Doublespeak On Love Jihad, CAA & Sabarimala: IUML Leader M K Muneer |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-cpm-indulging-in-doublespeak-on-love-jihad-caa-sabarimala-iuml-leader-m-k-muneer/378904 |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=outlookindia.com |language=en}}</ref> It is also at odds with several [[LGBTQ]] rulings from the [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]].<ref name="m.timesofindia.com">{{Cite news |title=Indian Union Muslim League opposes Supreme Court verdict, says it is against Indian culture |website=Times of India |url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/trichy/indian-union-muslim-league-opposes-sc-verdict-says-it-is-against-indian-culture/amp_articleshow/65712288.cms |url-status=live |access-date=15 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014050122/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/trichy/indian-union-muslim-league-opposes-sc-verdict-says-it-is-against-indian-culture/articleshow/65712288.cms |archive-date=14 October 2021}}</ref> The party also supports the primacy of [[Muslim personal law|Muslim Personal Law]] among Indian Muslims.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Circular to legalise earlier marriages |website=New Indian Express |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2013/jun/23/Circular-to-legalise-earlier-marriages-489648.html |url-status=live |access-date=15 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616043155/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2013/jun/23/Circular-to-legalise-earlier-marriages-489648.html |archive-date=16 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IUML, CPM, CPI against Centre's bid to raise legal age of marriage for women |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2021/12/18/women-legal-age-for-marriage-india.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=OnManorama}}</ref>


=== Opposition to [[The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006|Child Marriage Act]] ===
IUML opposes implementing [[gender neutrality]] and [[comprehensive sex education]] in school curriculum saying that it promotes homosexuality, leads to sexual anarchy and is part of an atheist-liberal conspiracy to destroy religious values.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/govt-encouraging-homosexuality-iuml-leader-on-new-school-curriculum-101670944328865.html|title=Govt encouraging homosexuality: IUML leader on new school curriculum|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/muslim-league-slams-kerala-gender-neutral-initiative-1137687.html|title=Muslim league slams Kerala gender-neutral initiative|website=Deccan Herald}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2023/01/14/lgbtq-community-worst-humans-says-iuml-leader-km-shaji.amp.html|title=IUML leader K M Shaji says LGBTQ members are worst humans|website=Manorama online}}</ref>


IUML has consistently opposed the [[The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006|Child Marriage Act]] by saying that it contravenes [[Muslim personal law]]. A circular issued by Local Self Government Department of Kerala which was under IUML in 2013 asking to register marriages of Muslim women under the age of 18 had created controversy resulting in later withdrawal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2013/jun/23/Circular-to-legalise-earlier-marriages-489648.html|title=Circular to legalise earlier marriages|website=New Indian Express|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=16 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616043155/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2013/jun/23/Circular-to-legalise-earlier-marriages-489648.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
An article by the current president of the Muslim League, on [[Hagia Sophia]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sadiq Ali Thangal takes over leadership of Muslim League at the most critical period of its existence |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2022/03/07/sadiq-ali-shihab-thangal-to-be-new-kerala-state-president-of-ium.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=OnManorama}}</ref> seemed to support the views of [[political Islam]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Sadiqali has his work cut out |website=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/sadiqali-has-his-work-cut-out/article65201877.ece}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Analysis {{!}} Growing Christian-Muslim alienation, Kerala civic polls and Kunhalikutty's Christmas cake diplomacy |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2021/01/01/analysis---growing-christian-muslim-alienation--kerala-civic-pol.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=OnManorama}}</ref>


=== Role in [[Marad massacre]] ===
Muslim League generally presents itself as a conservative political party in Kerala.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Young women lead churn within Muslim League |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/opinions/editorials/2021/sep/17/young-women-lead-churn-within-muslim-league-2359791.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='Haritha' row points to emerging new political outlook within IUML |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2021/10/07/new-political-outlook-within-indian-union-muslim-league.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=OnManorama}}</ref> In 2021, ten female leaders from the disbanded Haritha state committee lodged a police complaint against the state president of the Muslim Students Federation (MSF) and the Malappuram district general secretary, accusing them of making sexual remarks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Police probe has lost pace, ex-Haritha leaders tell women's panel |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2021/oct/12/police-probe-has-lost-pace-ex-haritha-leaders-tell-womens-panel-2370524.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Women's League rejects former Haritha leaders' gender politics |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2021/sep/29/womens-league-rejects-former-haritha-leaders-gender-politics-2365103.html |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
 
==See also==
The judicial commission which probed the [[Marad massacre]] concluded that IUML was directly involved in the conspiracy and execution of the massacre.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/marad-report-slams-muslim-league/13497/|title=Marad report slams Muslim League|website=Indian Express}}</ref>
*[[All-India Muslim League]]
 
*[[Indian Independence Movement]]
=== Article on [[Hagia Sophia]] ===
 
An article written by the current president of IUML praising the decision of the Turkey Government to convert Hagia Sophia into a Mosque has drawn criticism from various quarters including even from islamist outfits like [[Jamaat-e-Islami]]. The article is believed to be the main reason behind the shifting of Christian voter support from UDF to LDF and BJP during the recent elections held in Kerala. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/sadiqali-has-his-work-cut-out/article65201877.ece|title=Sadiqali has his work cut out|website=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://thefederal.com/states/south/kerala/iumls-pro-turkey-stance-on-hagia-sophia-shrine-draws-ire-in-kerala/|title=IUML's pro Turkey stance on Hagia Sophia shrine draws ire in Kerala|website=The Federal News}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
{{commons category-inline}}
 
* {{official}}
* {{official}}


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[[Category:1948 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1948 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Conservative parties in India]]
[[Category:Conservative parties in India]]
[[Category:Member parties of the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance‎]]
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