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| member_of = [[Dashavatara]] and [[Chiranjivi]] | | member_of = [[Dashavatara]] and [[Chiranjivi]] | ||
| alt = | | alt = | ||
| day=[[Thursday]] | |||
| caption = Parashurama by [[Raja Ravi Varma]] | | caption = Parashurama by [[Raja Ravi Varma]] | ||
| other_names = {{plainlist| | | other_names = {{plainlist| | ||
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| successor = [[Rama]] | | successor = [[Rama]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Parashurama''' ({{Lang-sa|परशुराम|lit= Rama with an axe|Paraśurāma}})<!--Do not remove, WP:INDICSCRIPT doesn't apply to WikiProject Hinduism-->, also referred to as '''Rama Jamadagnya''', '''Rama Bhargava''' and '''Veerarama''',<ref name="Leslie2014p66"/> is the sixth avatar among the [[Dashavatara]] of the preserver god [[Vishnu]] in [[Hinduism]]. He is believed to be one of the ''[[Chiranjivi|Chiranjeevis]]'' (Immortals), who will appear at the end of the ''[[Kali Yuga]]'' to be the guru of Vishnu's tenth and last incarnation, [[Kalki]]. | '''Parashurama''' ({{Lang-sa|परशुराम|lit= Rama with an axe|Paraśurāma}})<!--Do not remove, WP:INDICSCRIPT doesn't apply to WikiProject Hinduism-->, also referred to as '''Rama Jamadagnya''', '''Rama Bhargava''' and '''Veerarama''',<ref name="Leslie2014p66"/> is the sixth avatar among the [[Dashavatara]] of the preserver god [[Vishnu]] in [[Hinduism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://epaper.thestatesman.com/m5/3725372/Dainik-Statesman/28TH-JUNE-2023#page/1/1|title=পুরীধাম ও জগন্নাথদেবের ব্রহ্মরূপ বৃত্তান্ত|page=4|language=bn|date=28 June 2023|access-date=28 June 2023|website=dainikstatesmannews.com|publisher=[[Dainik Statesman]] (The Statesman Group)|location=Kolkata|first=Yogabrata|last=Chakraborty|trans-title=Puridham and the tale of lord Jagannath's legendary 'Bramharup'|archive-url=https://archive.org/details/dainik-statesman-28-th-june-2023|archive-date=28 June 2023}}</ref> He is believed to be one of the ''[[Chiranjivi|Chiranjeevis]]'' (Immortals), who will appear at the end of the ''[[Kali Yuga]]'' to be the guru of Vishnu's tenth and last incarnation, [[Kalki]]. | ||
Born to [[Jamadagni]] and [[Renuka]], the [[Brahmin]] Parashurama was foretold to appear at a time when overwhelming evil prevailed on the earth. The [[Kshatriya]] class, with weapons and power, had begun to abuse their power, take what belonged to others by force and tyrannise people. He corrected the cosmic equilibrium by destroying the Kshatriya warriors twenty-one times. He is married to Dharani, an incarnation of [[Lakshmi]], the wife of Vishnu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last1=Coulter|first1=Charles Russell |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=sEIngqiKOugC&q=Dharani&pg=PA285|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities |last2=Turner |first2=Patricia |date=2013-07-04 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-96390-3|language=en}}</ref> He is present in the Ramayana due to the conflict with [[Rama]] (the protagonist of the Ramayana) over Shiva's broken bow. He is mentioned in the [[Mahabharata]] as the guru of [[Bhisma]], [[Drona]], [[Rukmi]] | Born to [[Jamadagni]] and [[Renuka]], the [[Brahmin]] Parashurama was foretold to appear at a time when overwhelming evil prevailed on the earth. The [[Kshatriya]] class, with weapons and power, had begun to abuse their power, take what belonged to others by force and tyrannise people. He corrected the cosmic equilibrium by destroying the Kshatriya warriors twenty-one times. He is married to Dharani, an incarnation of [[Lakshmi]], the wife of Vishnu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last1=Coulter|first1=Charles Russell |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=sEIngqiKOugC&q=Dharani&pg=PA285|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities |last2=Turner |first2=Patricia |date=2013-07-04 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-96390-3|language=en}}</ref> He is present in the Ramayana due to the conflict with [[Rama]] (the protagonist of the Ramayana) over Shiva's broken bow. He is mentioned in the [[Mahabharata]] as the guru of [[Bhisma]], [[Drona]], [[Rukmi]] and [[Karna]].<ref name="JonesRyan2006p324">{{cite book |author1= Constance Jones |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC|title=Encyclopedia of Hinduism|author2=James D. Ryan |publisher= Infobase Publishing |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8160-7564-5|page=324}}</ref><ref name="Lochtefeld2002p500">{{cite book|author=James G. Lochtefeld |url= https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch|title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N–Z|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8239-3180-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch/page/500 500]–501 |url-access=registration}}</ref> | ||
{{Vaishnavism}} | {{Vaishnavism}} | ||
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{{Hinduism}} | {{Hinduism}} | ||
According to [[Hindu mythology]], Parashurama was born to the sage [[Jamadagni]] and his [[Kshatriya]] wife, [[Renuka]], | According to [[Hindu mythology]], Parashurama was born to the sage [[Jamadagni]] and his [[Kshatriya]] wife, [[Renuka]]. In local tradition, it is believed they lived in a hut located at [[Janapav]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Parashurama|title = Parashurama | Hindu mythology}}</ref> They had a celestial cow called [[Surabhi]], which gives them all that they desire (Surabhi is the daughter of cow ''[[Kamadhenu]]'').<ref name="Lochtefeld2002p500" /><ref>{{cite book|author= Khazan Ecosystems of Goa: Building on Indigenous Solutions to Cope with Global Environmental Change (Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research)|title = Khazan Ecosystems of Goa: Building on Indigenous Solutions to Cope with Global Environmental Change|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-r_EBAAAQBAJ&q=parashurama+was+saraswath+brahmin&pg=PA29|year=1995|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-9400772014|page=29}}</ref> A king named [[Kartavirya Arjuna]] (not to be confused with [[Arjuna]], the Pandava)<ref name="Leslie2014p64" />{{refn|group=note|The ''Mahabharata'' includes legends about both Arjuna, one is dharmic (moral) and other adharmic (immoral); in some versions, Arjuna Kartavirya has mixed moral-immoral characteristics consistent with the Hindu belief that there is varying degrees of good and evil in every person.<ref name="Leslie2014p64"/>}} – learns about this cow of plenty and wants it. He asks Jamadagni to give it to him, but the sage refuses. While Parashurama is away from the hut, the king takes it by force.<ref name="Lochtefeld2002p500" /> When Jamadagni pleads his case and seeks for the return of the cow, the king strikes him with his fist, killing him. Parashurama learns about this crime, and is upset. With his axe in his hand, he challenges the king to battle. They fight, and Parashurama defeats and kills the king, according to the [[Padma Purana]].<ref name="Leslie2014p66"/><ref name=":1" /> | ||
{{Blockquote|text=The wicked-minded one lost his valour due to his own sin. The mighty son of Reṇukā, being angry, cut off his head, as mighty Indra did the peak of a big mountain, and he who was brave and angry, killed Sahasrabāhu and all the kings with his axe in the battle. Seeing Rāma, the very fearful one, all kings on the earth, struck by fear, ran away as elephants do on seeing a lion. The angry Rāma killed the kings even though they had fled due to the resentment against his | {{Blockquote|text=The wicked-minded one lost his valour due to his own sin. The mighty son of Reṇukā, being angry, cut off his head, as mighty Indra did the peak of a big mountain, and he who was brave and angry, killed Sahasrabāhu and all the kings with his axe in the battle. Seeing Rāma, the very fearful one, all kings on the earth, struck by fear, ran away as elephants do on seeing a lion. The angry Rāma killed the kings even though they had fled due to the resentment against his father's murder, as the angry Garuḍa killed the serpents. The valorous Rāma made the entire [world] clear of the kṣatriyas, but protected [i.e. spared] only the very great family of Ikṣvāku, due to its being the family to which his maternal grandfather was related, and due to his mother's words.|title=[[Padma Purana]]|source=Chapter 241}} | ||
The warrior class challenges him, and he slays every single member of the class, save for those belonging to the lineages of [[Manu (Hinduism)|Manu]] and [[Ikshvaku]]. The mighty son of Jamadagni, having rid the world of the Kshatriyas, then performs the [[Ashvamedha]] sacrifice. He grants the earth with the seven islands to principal [[Rishi|rishis]] belonging to the Brahmin class. Having renounced the earth and his violent deeds, he retires to the hermitage of Nara-Narayana to engage in penance. The legend likely has roots in the ancient conflict between the Brahmin [[Varna (Hinduism)|varna]], with knowledge duties, and the Kshatriya varna, with warrior and enforcement roles.<ref name="JonesRyan2006p324" /><ref name="Lochtefeld2002p500" /><ref name="donaldson159">{{cite book|author= Thomas E Donaldson|editor= Umakant Premanand Shah|title=Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC |year=1995|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-316-8|pages=159–160}}</ref> | The warrior class challenges him, and he slays every single member of the class, save for those belonging to the lineages of [[Manu (Hinduism)|Manu]] and [[Ikshvaku]]. The mighty son of Jamadagni, having rid the world of the Kshatriyas, then performs the [[Ashvamedha]] sacrifice. He grants the earth with the seven islands to principal [[Rishi|rishis]] belonging to the Brahmin class. Having renounced the earth and his violent deeds, he retires to the hermitage of Nara-Narayana to engage in penance. The legend likely has roots in the ancient conflict between the Brahmin [[Varna (Hinduism)|varna]], with knowledge duties, and the Kshatriya varna, with warrior and enforcement roles.<ref name="JonesRyan2006p324" /><ref name="Lochtefeld2002p500" /><ref name="donaldson159">{{cite book|author= Thomas E Donaldson|editor= Umakant Premanand Shah|title=Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U. P. Shah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC |year=1995|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-316-8|pages=159–160}}</ref> | ||
=== Parashurama in geographical myths === | === Parashurama in geographical myths === | ||
[[File:Parshuramsaraswats.jpg|thumb|left| | [[File:Parshuramsaraswats.jpg|thumb|left|Parashurama, surrounded by settlers, commanding [[Varuna]], god of the waters to recede to make land known as '''Parashurama Kshetra''<nowiki/>' f<nowiki/>rom Gokarna to Kanyakumari for the Brahmins]] | ||
There are legends dealing with the origins of the western coast geographically and culturally. One such legend is the retrieval of the | There are legends dealing with the origins of the western coast geographically and culturally. One such legend is the retrieval of the west coast from the sea, by Parashurama, a warrior sage. It proclaims that Parashurama, an [[Dashavatara|incarnation]] of [[Mahavishnu]], threw his battle axe into the sea. As a result, the land of the western coast arose, and thus was reclaimed from the waters. The place from which he threw his axe (or shot an arrow) is on Salher fort (the second highest peak and the highest fort in Maharashtra) in the Baglan taluka of Nashik district of Maharashtra. There is a temple on the summit of this fort dedicated to Parshuram and there are footprints in the rock four times the size of normal humans. This fort on a lower plateau has a temple of goddess Renuka, Parshuram's mother and also a Yagya Kunda with pits for poles to erect a shamiyana on the banks of a big water tank.{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}} | ||
According to the Sangam classic ''[[Purananuru]]'', the [[Chera dynasty|Chera]] king [[Senguttuvan|Senkuttuvan]] conquered the lands between [[Kanyakumari]] and the [[Himalayas]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Kerala History and its Makers |last=Menon |first=A. Sreedhara |publisher=D C Books |year=1987 |isbn=978-8126421992 |page=24}}</ref> Lacking worthy enemies, he besieged the sea by throwing his spear into it.<ref name=":0" /><ref>''Ancient Indian History'' By Madhavan Arjunan Pillai, p. 204 {{ISBN?}}</ref> According to the 17th-century [[Malayalam]] work ''[[Keralolpathi]]'', the lands of [[Kerala]] were recovered from the sea by the axe-wielding warrior sage | According to the Sangam classic ''[[Purananuru]]'', the [[Chera dynasty|Chera]] king [[Senguttuvan|Senkuttuvan]] conquered the lands between [[Kanyakumari]] and the [[Himalayas]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Kerala History and its Makers |last=Menon |first=A. Sreedhara |publisher=D C Books |year=1987 |isbn=978-8126421992 |page=24}}</ref> Lacking worthy enemies, he besieged the sea by throwing his spear into it.<ref name=":0" /><ref>''Ancient Indian History'' By Madhavan Arjunan Pillai, p. 204 {{ISBN?}}</ref> According to the 17th-century [[Malayalam]] work ''[[Keralolpathi]]'', the lands of [[Kerala]] were recovered from the sea by the axe-wielding warrior sage Parashurama, the sixth incarnation of [[Vishnu]] (hence, Kerala is also called ''Parashurama Kshetram'' 'The Land of Parashurama'<ref>S. C. Bhatt, Gopal K. Bhargava (2006) "Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories: Volume 14", p. 18</ref>). Parashurama threw his axe across the sea, and the water receded as far as it reached. According to legend, this new area of land extended from [[Gokarna, India|Gokarna]] to Kanyakumari.<ref>{{cite book |author=Aiya VN |title=The Travancore State Manual |publisher=Travancore Government Press |pages=210–12 |year=1906 |access-date=12 November 2007 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RdzaPW-kEvQC}}</ref> The land which rose from sea was filled with salt and unsuitable for habitation; so Parashurama invoked the snake king [[Vasuki (snake)|Vasuki]], who spat holy poison and converted the soil into fertile lush green land. Out of respect, Vasuki and all snakes were appointed as protectors and guardians of the land. [[P. T. Srinivasa Iyengar]] has theorised that [[Senguttuvan]] may have been inspired by the Parashurama legend, which was brought by early Aryan settlers.<ref>{{Cite book |title=History of the Tamils: From the Earliest Times to 600 A.D. |last=Srinivisa Iyengar |first=P. T. |publisher=Asian Educational Services |year=1929 |isbn=978-8120601451 |location=Madras |page=515}}</ref> | ||
In present-day Goa (or Gomantak), which is a part of the Konkan, there is a temple in Canacona in South Goa district dedicated to | In present-day Goa (or Gomantak), which is a part of the Konkan, there is a temple in Canacona in South Goa district dedicated to Parashurama.<ref name="skanda">'' Shree Scanda Puran (Sayadri Khandha)'' – Ed. Dr. Jarson D. Kunha, Marathi version Ed. by Gajanan Shastri Gaytonde, published by Shree Katyani Publication, Mumbai</ref><ref>''Gomantak Prakruti ani Sanskruti'' Part 1, p. 206, B. D. Satoskar, Shubhada Publication</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Aiya VN |title=The Travancore State Manual |publisher=Travancore Government Press |pages=210–212 |year=1906 |access-date=2007-11-12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RdzaPW-kEvQC }}</ref> | ||
== Texts == | == Texts == | ||
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He plays important roles in the ''[[Mahabharata]]'' serving as mentor to [[Bhishma]] (chapter 5.178), [[Drona]] (chapter 1.121) and [[Karna]] (chapter 3.286), teaching weapon arts and helping key warriors in both sides of the war.<ref name="Karna the conqueror of the entire world">{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03252.htm|title=Mahabaratha, Digvijaya yatra of Karna |date=1896 |publisher=Sacred Texts|work=The Mahabharata|access-date=11 June 2015|author=Kisari Mohan Ganguli}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Lynn Thomas |editor=Julia Leslie|title=Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrLKAgAAQBAJ |year=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-77881-0|pages=66–69 with footnotes}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|The Sanskrit epic uses multiple names for Parashurama in its verses: Parashurama, Jamadagnya, Rama (his name shortened, but not to be confused with [[Rama]] of Ramayana), etc.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lynn Thomas|editor=Julia Leslie|title=Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrLKAgAAQBAJ |year=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-77881-0|pages=69–71 with footnotes}}</ref>}} | He plays important roles in the ''[[Mahabharata]]'' serving as mentor to [[Bhishma]] (chapter 5.178), [[Drona]] (chapter 1.121) and [[Karna]] (chapter 3.286), teaching weapon arts and helping key warriors in both sides of the war.<ref name="Karna the conqueror of the entire world">{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m03/m03252.htm|title=Mahabaratha, Digvijaya yatra of Karna |date=1896 |publisher=Sacred Texts|work=The Mahabharata|access-date=11 June 2015|author=Kisari Mohan Ganguli}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Lynn Thomas |editor=Julia Leslie|title=Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrLKAgAAQBAJ |year=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-77881-0|pages=66–69 with footnotes}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|The Sanskrit epic uses multiple names for Parashurama in its verses: Parashurama, Jamadagnya, Rama (his name shortened, but not to be confused with [[Rama]] of Ramayana), etc.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lynn Thomas|editor=Julia Leslie|title=Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrLKAgAAQBAJ |year=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-77881-0|pages=69–71 with footnotes}}</ref>}} | ||
In the regional literature of [[Kerala]], he is the founder of the land, the one who brought it out of the sea and settled a Hindu community there.<ref name="JonesRyan2006p324"/> He is also known as Rama Jamadagnya and Rama Bhargava in some Hindu texts.<ref name="Leslie2014p66">{{cite book|author=Julia Leslie|title=Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7LKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA63|year=2014|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-136-77888-9|pages=63–66 with footnotes}}</ref> Parashurama retired in the [[Mahendra Mountains]], according to chapter 2.3.47 of the ''[[Bhagavata Purana | In the regional literature of [[Kerala]], he is the founder of the land, the one who brought it out of the sea and settled a Hindu community there.<ref name="JonesRyan2006p324"/> He is also known as Rama Jamadagnya and Rama Bhargava in some Hindu texts.<ref name="Leslie2014p66">{{cite book|author=Julia Leslie|title=Myth and Mythmaking: Continuous Evolution in Indian Tradition |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7LKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA63|year=2014|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-136-77888-9|pages=63–66 with footnotes}}</ref> Parashurama retired in the [[Mahendra Mountains]], according to chapter 2.3.47 of the ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas E Donaldson|editor=Umakant Premanand Shah|title=Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC |year= 1995|publisher= Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-316-8|pages=174–175}}</ref> He is the only incarnation of Vishnu who never dies, never returns to abstract Vishnu and lives in meditative retirement.<ref name="Leslie2014p64"/> Further, he is the only incarnation of Vishnu that co-exists with other Vishnu incarnations Ram and Krishna in some versions of the ''Ramayana'' and ''Mahabharata'', respectively.<ref name="Leslie2014p64"/>{{refn|group=note|These texts also state that Parasurama lost the essence of Vishnu while he was alive, and Vishnu then appeared as a complete avatar in Rama; later, in Krishna.<ref name="Leslie2014p64"/>}} | ||
=== Samanta Panchaka === | === Samanta Panchaka === | ||
According to the [[Adi Parva#Structure & Chapters|Sangraha Parva]], after killing 21 generations of Kshatriyas, he filled their blood in five pools collectively known as the ''Samantha Panchaka'' (Sanskrit: समंत पञ्चक). He later atoned for his sin by severe penance. The five pools are considered to be holy. | According to the [[Adi Parva#Structure & Chapters|Sangraha Parva]], after killing 21 generations of Kshatriyas, he filled their blood in five pools collectively known as the ''Samantha Panchaka'' (Sanskrit: {{lang|sa|समंत पञ्चक}}). He later atoned for his sin by severe penance. The five pools are considered to be holy. | ||
The [[Adi Parva#Structure & Chapters|Anukramanika Parva]] says that the Samantha Panchaka is located somewhere around Kurukshetra. It also mentions that the Pandavas performed a few religious rites near the Samantha Panchaka before the | The [[Adi Parva#Structure & Chapters|Anukramanika Parva]] says that the Samantha Panchaka is located somewhere around Kurukshetra. It also mentions that the Pandavas performed a few religious rites near the Samantha Panchaka before the [[Kurukshetra War]]. | ||
==Parashurama Kshetra== | ==Parashurama Kshetra== | ||
There is much interpretation of 'Parashurama Kshetra' (Land of | There is much interpretation of 'Parashurama Kshetra' (Land of Parashurama) mentioned in the [[Puranas]]. | ||
The region on the western coast of India from [[Gokarna, Karnataka|Gokarna]] to [[Kanyakumari]] was known as Parashurama Kshetra.<ref>{{Cite book|last=L Eck|first=Diana|title=India : A Sacred Geography|publisher=Harmony/Rodale|date=27 March 2012 |page=37 |language=English}}</ref> | The region on the western coast of India from [[Gokarna, Karnataka|Gokarna]] to [[Kanyakumari]] was known as Parashurama Kshetra.<ref>{{Cite book|last=L Eck|first=Diana|title=India : A Sacred Geography|publisher=Harmony/Rodale|date=27 March 2012 |page=37 |language=English}}</ref> | ||
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==Temples== | ==Temples== | ||
{{ | {{More citations needed section|date=May 2023}} | ||
The [[Anantheshwara Temple, Udupi|Anantheshwara Temple]] is a famous temple in [[Udupi]] where Parashurama is worshipped in the form of | The [[Anantheshwara Temple, Udupi|Anantheshwara Temple]] is a famous temple in [[Udupi]] where Parashurama is worshipped in the form of a [[lingam]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Tulu Tales: A Soota Chronicle|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMRlAAAAMAAJ|author=G. Kameshwar |publisher= Rupa & Company|year=2004|page=31|isbn = 9788129104274|quote=The association of Parasurama, an incarnation of Vishnu, with the Linga, came to be known as Anantheshwara and the place of worship is the present Anantheshwara temple.}}</ref> | ||
There is a temple for | There is a temple for Parashurama in Thiruvallam near [[Thiruvananthapuram]] Kerala. The temple called Athyarala in [[Rajampet|Rajempet]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], is dedicated to Parashurama. There is a [[Parshuram Kund]], a Hindu pilgrimage centre in [[Lohit district|Lohit District]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] which is dedicated to Parashurama. Thousands of pilgrims visit the place in winter every year, especially on the [[Makar Sankranti]] day for a holy dip in the sacred kund which is believed to wash away one's sins.<ref>{{cite web|date=13 January 2017|title=Thousands gather at Parshuram Kund for holy dip on Makar Sankranti |url= http://thenewsmill.com/thousands-gather-parshuram-kund-holy-dip-makar-sankranti/|access-date=2017-01-13|publisher=The News Mill}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=Jan 18, 2013|title=70,000 devotees take holy dip in Parshuram Kund|newspaper=Indian Express |url= http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/70000-devotees-take-holy-dip-in-parshuram-kund/1061283/|access-date=2014-06-29}}</ref> Mahurgad is one of the [[Shakti Pitha]] shrines in [[Maharashtra|Maharashtra's]] [[Nanded district|Nanded District]], where a famous temple of goddess [[Renuka]] exists. This temple at Mahurgad is always full of pilgrims. People also come to visit Parashurama temple on the same Mahurgad. The [[108 Shiva Temples]] in Kerala which are believed to be consecrated by Parashurama. | ||
Other places where temples for Parashurama are found are Chiplun in [[Ratnagiri District]], [[Maharashtra]] and at [[Udupi]], [[Karnataka]]. In [[Karnataka]], there are a group of 7 temples in the stretch of [[Tulunadu]] (coastal Karnataka), known as Parashurama Kshetras, namely, [[Kollur, Udupi district|Kollur]], [[Koteshwara]], [[Kukke Subrahmanya]], [[Udupi]], [[Gokarna, Karnataka|Gokarna]], [[Anegudde]] (Kumbhasi) and [[Shankaranarayana]]. | Other places where temples for Parashurama are found are Chiplun in [[Ratnagiri District]], [[Maharashtra]] and at [[Udupi]], [[Karnataka]]. In [[Karnataka]], there are a group of 7 temples in the stretch of [[Tulunadu]] (coastal Karnataka), known as Parashurama Kshetras, namely, [[Kollur, Udupi district|Kollur]], [[Koteshwara]], [[Kukke Subrahmanya]], [[Udupi]], [[Gokarna, Karnataka|Gokarna]], [[Anegudde]] (Kumbhasi) and [[Shankaranarayana]]. | ||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
<gallery mode = packed heights = 180px> | <gallery mode="packed" heights="180px"> | ||
File:A Parasurama temple in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) Kerala India.jpg|A | File:A Parasurama temple in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) Kerala India.jpg|A Parashurama temple in [[Kerala]] | ||
File:Peechi Dam Garden Statue of Parasurama.JPG| | File:Peechi Dam Garden Statue of Parasurama.JPG|Parashurama in a garden | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
== In popular culture == | == In popular culture == | ||
On top of the hills of Janapav is a [[Shiva]] temple where | On top of the hills of Janapav is a [[Shiva]] temple where Parashurama is believed to have worshipped [[Lord Shiva|Shiva]], the ashram is known as Jamadagni Ashram, named after his father. The place also has a Kund (Pond) that is being developed by the state government.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 May 2008 |title=Janapav to be developed into international pligrim centre |url= https://www.oneindia.com/2008/05/08/janapav-to-be-developed-into-international-pligrim-centre-1210264311.html |access-date=Nov 17, 2019 |work= One India}}</ref> | ||
In [[Kannada]] folklore, especially in devotional songs sung by the [[Devdasi]]s he is often referred to as a son of [[Yellamma]]. | In [[Kannada]] folklore, especially in devotional songs sung by the [[Devdasi]]s he is often referred to as a son of [[Yellamma]]. Parashurama legends are notable for their discussion of violence, the cycles of retaliations, the impulse of ''[[Krodha (Mental factor)|krodha]]'' (anger), the inappropriateness of ''krodha'', and repentance.<ref>{{cite book |author=Thomas E Donaldson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fETebHcHKogC |title=Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah |publisher=Abhinav Publications |year=1995 |isbn=978-81-7017-316-8 |editor=Umakant Premanand Shah |pages=161–70}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|According to Madeleine Biardeau, Parasurama is a fusion of contradictions, possibly to emphasize the ease with which those with military power tend to abuse it, and the moral issues in circumstances and one's actions, particularly violent ones.<ref>Madeleine BIARDEAU (1976), [https://www.jstor.org/stable/43731697 Études de Mythologie Hindoue (IV): Bhakti et avatāra], Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient, École française d’Extrême-Orient, Vol. 63 (1976), pp. 182–191, context: 111–263</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Freda Matchett|title=Krishna, Lord Or Avatara? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6znEVPmI8UsC&pg=PA206 |year=2001| publisher= Routledge| isbn= 978-0-7007-1281-6|pages=206 with note 53}}</ref>}} | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
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