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'''Madhya Pradesh''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|ə|d|j|ə|_|p|r|ə|ˈ|d|ɛ|ʃ}},<ref>{{MW|Madhya Pradesh}}</ref> {{IPA-hi|ˈməd̪ʱjə pɾəˈdeːʃ|lang|MadhyaPradesh.ogg}}; meaning 'central province') is a state in [[central India]]. Its [[capital city|capital]] is [[Bhopal]], and the largest city is [[Indore]], with [[Jabalpur]], [[Ujjain]], [[Gwalior]], [[Sagar, Madhya Pradesh|Sagar]] and [[ | '''Madhya Pradesh''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|ə|d|j|ə|_|p|r|ə|ˈ|d|ɛ|ʃ}},<ref>{{MW|Madhya Pradesh}}</ref> {{IPA-hi|ˈməd̪ʱjə pɾəˈdeːʃ|lang|MadhyaPradesh.ogg}}; meaning 'central province') is a state in [[central India]]. Its [[capital city|capital]] is [[Bhopal]], and the largest city is [[Indore]], with [[Jabalpur]], [[Ujjain]], [[Gwalior]], [[Sagar, Madhya Pradesh|Sagar]], [[Satna]], [[Hoshangabad|Narmadapuram]], [[Rewa, Madhya Pradesh|Rewa]], [[Shahdol]], and [[Morena]] being the other major cities. Madhya Pradesh is the [[List of states and union territories of India by area|second largest Indian state by area]] and the [[List of states and union territories of India by population|fifth largest state by population]] with over 72 million residents. It borders the states of [[Uttar Pradesh]] to the northeast, [[Chhattisgarh]] to the east, [[Maharashtra]] to the south, [[Gujarat]] to the west, and [[Rajasthan]] to the northwest.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fsi.nic.in/cover_2011/madhyapradesh.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=30 October 2019 |archive-date=5 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205231100/http://fsi.nic.in/cover_2011/madhyapradesh.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
The area covered by the present-day Madhya Pradesh includes the area of the ancient [[Avanti (India)|Avanti]] [[Mahajanapada]], whose capital [[Ujjain]] (also known as Avantika) arose as a major city during the second wave of Indian urbanisation in the sixth century BCE. Subsequently, the region was ruled by the major dynasties of India. The [[Maratha empire|Maratha Empire]] dominated the majority of the 18th century. After the [[Anglo-Maratha Wars (disambiguation)|Anglo-Maratha Wars]] in the 19th century, the region was divided into several [[princely states]] under the [[British Empire|British]] and incorporated into [[Central Provinces and Berar]] and the [[Central India Agency]]. After India's independence, Madhya Pradesh state was created with [[Nagpur]] as its capital: this state included the southern parts of the present-day Madhya Pradesh and northeastern portion of today's Maharashtra. In 1956, this state was [[States Reorganisation Act|reorganised]] and its parts were combined with the states of [[Madhya Bharat]], [[Vindhya Pradesh]] and [[Bhopal State (1949–56)|Bhopal]] to form the new Madhya Pradesh state, the Marathi-speaking [[Vidarbha]] region was removed and merged with the [[Bombay State]]. This state was the largest in India by area until 2000, when its southeastern Chhattisgarh region was designated a separate state. | The area covered by the present-day Madhya Pradesh includes the area of the ancient [[Avanti (India)|Avanti]] [[Mahajanapada]], whose capital [[Ujjain]] (also known as Avantika) arose as a major city during the second wave of Indian urbanisation in the sixth century BCE. Subsequently, the region was ruled by the major dynasties of India. The [[Maratha empire|Maratha Empire]] dominated the majority of the 18th century. After the [[Anglo-Maratha Wars (disambiguation)|Anglo-Maratha Wars]] in the 19th century, the region was divided into several [[princely states]] under the [[British Empire|British]] and incorporated into [[Central Provinces and Berar]] and the [[Central India Agency]]. After India's independence, Madhya Pradesh state was created with [[Nagpur]] as its capital: this state included the southern parts of the present-day Madhya Pradesh and northeastern portion of today's Maharashtra. In 1956, this state was [[States Reorganisation Act|reorganised]] and its parts were combined with the states of [[Madhya Bharat]], [[Vindhya Pradesh]] and [[Bhopal State (1949–56)|Bhopal]] to form the new Madhya Pradesh state, the Marathi-speaking [[Vidarbha]] region was removed and merged with the [[Bombay State]]. This state was the largest in India by area until 2000, when its southeastern Chhattisgarh region was designated a separate state. | ||