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 The PAD was tested in November 2006, followed by the AAD in December 2007. With the test of the PAD missile, India became the fourth country to have successfully developed an anti-ballistic missile system, after [[United States]], [[Russia]], and [[Israel]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Ratliff |first=Ben |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2009/03/06/asia/AS-India-Missile-Defense.php |title=India successfully tests missile interceptor |work=International Herald Tribune |access-date=6 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310002406/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2009/03/06/asia/AS-India-Missile-Defense.php |archive-date=10 March 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref> The system has undergone several tests but system is yet to be officially commissioned.
-As per reports emerged in January 2020, the first phase of BMD program is now complete. The [[Indian Air Force|Indian Air Force (IAF)]] and [[Defence Research and Development Organisation|Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)]] are awaiting for [[Government of India]] approval to install the missile shield around [[New Delhi|national capital]] which will take three to four years time for installation post approval.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/defence/indias-ballistic-missile-shield-ready-iaf-drdo-to-seek-govt-nod-to-protect-delhi/345853/|title=India's ballistic missile shield ready, IAF & DRDO to seek govt nod to protect Delhi|last=Philip|first=Snehesh Alex|date=8 January 2020|website=ThePrint|language=en-US|access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref>
+As per reports emerged in January 2020, the first phase of BMD program is now complete. The [[Indian Air Force|Indian Air Force (IAF)]] and [[Defence Research and Development Organisation|Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)]] are awaiting for [[Government of India]] approval to install the missile shield around [[New Delhi|national capital]] which will take three to four years time for installation post approval.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/defence/indias-ballistic-missile-shield-ready-iaf-drdo-to-seek-govt-nod-to-protect-delhi/345853/|title=India's ballistic missile shield ready, IAF & DRDO to seek govt nod to protect Delhi|last=Philip|first=Snehesh Alex|date=8 January 2020|website=ThePrint|language=en-US|access-date=8 January 2020}}</ref>
 ==Background==
-Since the early 90s, India has faced the threat of ballistic missile attacks from Pakistan against which it has fought multiple [[Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts|wars in the past]] and also from China. With the heightening of tensions in the region, and in response to Pakistan's deployment of [[Dongfeng missile#Dongfeng 11 (CSS-7)|M-11]] missiles bought from China, the [[Government of India|Indian Government]] in August 1995 procured six batteries of [[S-300 missile system|S-300]] [[Surface-to-air missiles]] to protect New Delhi and other cities.{{According to whom|date=July 2022}}  In May 1998, India for the second time (since its [[Smiling Buddha|first test in 1974]]) tested nuclear weapons (''see [[Pokhran-II]]''), followed by Pakistan (''see [[Chagai-I]]'') with its first-ever nuclear test. With Pakistan's [[Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction|testing]] of nuclear weapons and missile delivery systems, this threat intensified. India has also developed and tested missile delivery systems during [[Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme]] (IGMDP).{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}
+Since the early 90s, India has faced the threat of ballistic missile attacks from Pakistan against which it has fought multiple [[Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts|wars in the past]] and also from China. With the heightening of tensions in the region, and in response to Pakistan's deployment of [[Dongfeng missile#Dongfeng 11 (CSS-7)|M-11]] missiles bought from China, the [[Government of India|Indian Government]] in August 1995 procured six batteries of [[S-300 missile system|S-300]] [[Surface-to-air missiles]] to protect New Delhi and other cities.{{According to whom|date=July 2012}}  In May 1998, India for the second time (since its [[Smiling Buddha|first test in 1974]]) tested nuclear weapons (''see [[Pokhran-II]]''), followed by Pakistan (''see [[Chagai-I]]'') with its first-ever nuclear test. With Pakistan's [[Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction|testing]] of nuclear weapons and missile delivery systems, this threat intensified. India has also developed and tested missile delivery systems during [[Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme]] (IGMDP).{{citation needed|date=July 2012}}
 In 1999, the [[Kargil War]] between India and Pakistan became the first direct conflict between two declared nuclear powers. As the war progressed, the first hint of the possible use of a nuclear weapon was on 31 May, when Pakistani [[Foreign Secretary of Pakistan|foreign secretary]] [[Shamshad Ahmad]] made a statement warning that an escalation of the limited conflict could lead Pakistan to use "any weapon" in its [[arsenal]].<ref>Quoted in News Desk, "Pakistan May Use Any Weapon," The News, 31 May 1999.</ref> This was immediately interpreted as an obvious threat of a nuclear retaliation by Pakistan in the event of an extended war. The leader of [[Senate of Pakistan|Pakistan's senate]] noted that "''the purpose of developing weapons becomes meaningless if they are not used when they are needed''."<ref>[http://www.nd.edu/~krocinst/ocpapers/op_18_2.pdf Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons Program] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081112015736/http://www.nd.edu/~krocinst/ocpapers/op_18_2.pdf |date=12 November 2008 }}</ref> Some experts believe that following nuclear tests in 1998, Pakistani military was emboldened by its nuclear deterrent cover to markedly increase coercion against India.<ref>[http://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&id=17967 Options Available to the United States to Counter a Nuclear Iran By George Perkovich] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080112075840/https://www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&id=17967 |date=12 January 2008 }} – Testimony by George Perkovich before the House Armed Services Committee, 1 February 2006</ref>
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 ===Phase 1===
 [[File:AAD Integration 2.JPG|thumb|Advanced Air Defence (AAD) Endo-atmospheric interceptor missile, being integrated at the Programme Air Defence ABM missile production facilities at [[Hyderabad]]. Note the Missile Jet Vanes at the end of the rocket motor. The system provides for very quick pitch over and roll control during launch.]]
-Development of the anti-ballistic missile system began in 1999. Around 40 public and private companies were involved in the development of the systems. They include [[Ordnance Factory Board]], [[Bharat Electronics Limited]] and [[Bharat Dynamics]] among others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1614356.ece?ref=archive|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120918091519/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1614356.ece?ref=archive|url-status=dead|title=Business Line : Today's Paper / ECONOMY : 40 cos involved in making o…|date=18 September 2012|archive-date=18 September 2012|access-date=3 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="ft" />
+Development of the anti-ballistic missile system began in 1999. Around 40 public and private companies were involved in the development of the systems. They include [[Ordnance Factory Board]], [[Bharat Electronics Limited]] and [[Bharat Dynamics]] among others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1614356.ece?ref=archive|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120918091519/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1614356.ece?ref=archive|url-status=dead|title=Business Line : Today's Paper / ECONOMY : 40 cos involved in making o…|date=18 September 2012|archive-date=18 September 2012|access-date=3 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="ft" />
 [[Defence Research and Development Laboratory]] (DRDL) developed the mission control software for the AAD missile. [[Research Centre Imarat]] (RCI) developed navigation, electromechanical actuation systems and the [[active radar seeker]]. [[Advanced Systems Laboratory]] (ASL) provided the motors, jet vanes and structures for the AAD and PAD. [[High Energy Materials Research Laboratory]] (HEMRL) supplied the propellants for the missile.<ref name="ft">{{Cite news|first=T.S.|last=Subramanian|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fline/fl2425/stories/20080104242512300.htm|title=Smashing hit|date=22 December 2007|work=Frontline|access-date=6 February 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817221339/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fline/fl2425/stories/20080104242512300.htm|archive-date=17 August 2011|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> Research Centre Imarat and Programme Air Defence (PGAD) at [[Hyderabad]] are spearheading the Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) Programme (PGAD) |url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/ballistic-missile-defence-bmd-programme-pgad |website=Defence Research and Development Organisation |publisher=Ministry of Defence |access-date=27 December 2021}}</ref>
@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 ===Phase 2===
 [[File:AD-1 long-range interceptor missile (cropped).jpg|thumb|AD-1 subsystem validation test on 2 November 2022. |left|203x203px]]
-Two new anti ballistic missiles that can intercept IRBMs are being developed. These high speed missiles (AD-1 and AD-2) are being developed to intercept ballistic missiles with a range of around {{convert|5000|km|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/008200801071858.htm |title=India to develop high speed interceptors |work=The Hindu |date=7 January 2008 |access-date=6 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105191155/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/008200801071858.htm |archive-date=5 November 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> The test trials of these two systems were expected to take place in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/170167.html |title=India developing ballistic missiles to destroy IRBMs, ICBMs |publisher=Earthtimes.org |access-date=6 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204134636/http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/170167.html |archive-date=4 February 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> The new missile will be similar to the [[Terminal High Altitude Area Defense|Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD)]] missile deployed by US. These missiles will travel at [[hypersonic speed]]s and will require radars with scan capability of over {{convert|1500|km|abbr=on}} to successfully intercept the target.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31874&sectionid=4&issueid=96&Itemid=1 |title=DRDO readies shield against Chinese ICBMs |work=India Today |date=9 March 2009 |access-date=6 December 2022}}</ref>
+Two new anti ballistic missiles that can intercept IRBMs are being developed. These high speed missiles (AD-1 and AD-2) are being developed to intercept ballistic missiles with a range of around {{convert|5000|km|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/008200801071858.htm |title=India to develop high speed interceptors |work=The Hindu |date=7 January 2008 |access-date=6 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105191155/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/008200801071858.htm |archive-date=5 November 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> The test trials of these two systems were expected to take place in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/170167.html |title=India developing ballistic missiles to destroy IRBMs, ICBMs |publisher=Earthtimes.org |access-date=6 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204134636/http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/170167.html |archive-date=4 February 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> The new missile will be similar to the [[Terminal High Altitude Area Defense|Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD)]] missile deployed by US. These missiles will travel at [[hypersonic speed]]s and will require radars with scan capability of over {{convert|1500|km|abbr=on}} to successfully intercept the target.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31874&sectionid=4&issueid=96&Itemid=1 |title=DRDO readies shield against Chinese ICBMs |work=India Today |date=9 March 2009 |access-date=6 December 2012}}</ref>
 On 6 May 2012, Dr. V. K. Saraswat while confirming the completion of Phase-I added that Phase-II would be completed by 2016 to protect against missiles having range up to 5,000&nbsp;km.<ref name="thehindu.com" />
@@ Line 80: / Line 80: @@
 The '''Prithvi Air Defence (PAD)''' is an anti-ballistic missile developed to intercept incoming ballistic missiles outside the atmosphere (exo-atmospheric). Based on the [[Prithvi missile]], PAD is a two-stage missile with a maximum interception altitude of {{convert|80|km|abbr=on}}. The first stage is a Solid fuelled motor while the second stage is Liquid fuelled.<ref name="vk" /><ref>[http://www.space.com/spacenews/archive07/indbmd_0129.html India Plans Second Anti-Ballistic-Missile Test in June] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711191002/http://www.space.com/spacenews/archive07/indbmd_0129.html |date=11 July 2009 }}''The interceptor rocket has a liquid-fuelled first stage that uses two propellants and oxidisers, and a solid-fuel second stage with a gas thruster that can turn the rocket at more than five Gs. The missile carries sensors to guide it to its target.''</ref> It has manoeuvre thrusters which can generate a lateral acceleration of more than 5 ''g''s at {{convert|50|km|abbr=on}} altitude. Guidance is provided by an internal navigation system with mid-course updates from LRTR and active radar homing in the terminal phase.<ref name="vk" /> PAD has capability to engage the {{convert|3000|km|abbr=on}} class of ballistic missiles at a speed of Mach 5.<ref name="vk" /> PAD is fast enough to hit [[medium-range ballistic missile]]s and [[intermediate-range ballistic missile]]s.
-LRTR is the target acquisition and fire control radar for the PAD missile. It is an active phased array radar having capability to track 200 targets at a range of {{convert|1500|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="vk" /> The PAD missile has also been called ''[[Pradyumna]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/Display_news.asp?section=World_News&subsection=India&month=July2008&file=World_News2008072515025.xml|title=The Peninsula On-line: Qatar's leading English Daily|date=27 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727164534/http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/Display_news.asp?section=World_News&subsection=India&month=July2008&file=World_News2008072515025.xml|access-date=3 November 2018|archive-date=27 July 2022}}</ref>
+LRTR is the target acquisition and fire control radar for the PAD missile. It is an active phased array radar having capability to track 200 targets at a range of {{convert|1500|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="vk" /> The PAD missile has also been called ''[[Pradyumna]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/Display_news.asp?section=World_News&subsection=India&month=July2008&file=World_News2008072515025.xml|title=The Peninsula On-line: Qatar's leading English Daily|date=27 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727164534/http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/Display_news.asp?section=World_News&subsection=India&month=July2008&file=World_News2008072515025.xml|access-date=3 November 2018|archive-date=27 July 2008}}</ref>
 Further development led to the improvement of the interception range from {{convert|50|to|80|km|abbr=on}}. The improved missile will utilise a gimbaled directional warhead, a technology also used by Israel, the US and Russia. This technology allows for a smaller warhead to destroy the target missile.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/03/04/stories/2009030460291100.htm |title=Crucial interceptor missile test this week |access-date=6 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108160551/http://www.hindu.com/2009/03/04/stories/2009030460291100.htm |archive-date=8 November 2012 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=4 March 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
@@ Line 117: / Line 117: @@
 |diameter               = <{{convert|0.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}
 |wingspan               =
-|speed                  = [[Mach number|Mach]] 4.5<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gady |first1=Franz-Stefan |title=India’s Advanced Air Defense Interceptor Destroys Incoming Ballistic Missile in Test |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/indias-advanced-air-defense-interceptor-destroys-incoming-ballistic-missile-in-test/ |access-date=4 November 2022 |publisher=The Diplomat |date=28 December 2022}}</ref>
+|speed                  = [[Mach number|Mach]] 4.5<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gady |first1=Franz-Stefan |title=India’s Advanced Air Defense Interceptor Destroys Incoming Ballistic Missile in Test |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/12/indias-advanced-air-defense-interceptor-destroys-incoming-ballistic-missile-in-test/ |access-date=4 November 2022 |publisher=The Diplomat |date=28 December 2017}}</ref>
 |vehicle_range          = {{convert|200|km|mi|abbr=on}}
 |ceiling                = {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name=":2" />
@@ Line 225: / Line 225: @@
 In March 2019, India conducted an [[Mission Shakti|ASAT test]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2019/05/why-indias-asat-test-was-reckless/|title=Why India's ASAT Test Was Reckless|first=Marco|last=Langbroek|website=The Diplomat|language=en-US|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506215045/https://thediplomat.com/2019/05/why-indias-asat-test-was-reckless/|archive-date=6 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> India officially confirmed that this missile was a Ballistic Missile Defence interceptor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/31179/Frequently_Asked_Questions_on_Mission_Shakti_Indias_AntiSatellite_Missile_test_conducted_on_27_March_2019|title=Frequently Asked Questions on Mission Shakti, India's Anti-Satellite Missile test conducted on 27 March, 2019|website=Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410104320/https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl%2F31179%2FFrequently_Asked_Questions_on_Mission_Shakti_Indias_AntiSatellite_Missile_test_conducted_on_27_March_2019|archive-date=10 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> PDV Mk.2 is a 13 m tall, 18.87 tons, three stage missile. [[Solid rocket motor]]s with flexible nozzles constituted the first two stages, with the Kill Vehicle being the third stage.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/pub/npc/2019/April/din-10april2019.pdf|title=DRDO in News|date=10 April 2019|website=Defence Research and Development Organisation|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424072021/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/pub/npc/2019/April/din-10april2019.pdf|archive-date=24 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/87788/india-s-drdo-reveals-additional-details-of-recent-asat-missile-test|title=India's DRDO reveals additional details of recent ASAT missile test {{!}} Jane's 360|website=Jane’s 360|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807054435/https://www.janes.com/article/87788/india-s-drdo-reveals-additional-details-of-recent-asat-missile-test|archive-date=7 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> According to a report published on the official [[DRDO]] website, the missile has the capability to shoot down targets moving at 10&nbsp;km per second in orbits as high as 1,200&nbsp;km.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/satellite-killer-not-a-one-off-india-working-on-star-wars-armoury/articleshow/68758674.cms|title=ASAT missile: Satellite-killer not a one-off, India working on star wars armoury|last=Pandit|first=Rajat|date=7 April 2019|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602123612/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/satellite-killer-not-a-one-off-india-working-on-star-wars-armoury/articleshow/68758674.cms|archive-date=2 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
-It has been suggested that this missile may have the capability of [[Exosphere|exo-atmospheric]] [[Ballistic missile defence|interception]] of [[Intercontinental ballistic missile]]s.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/asat-test-shows-india-has-means-to-destroy-icbms-in-outer-space-experts-119042200713_1.html|title=ASAT test shows India has means to destroy ICBMs in outer space: Experts|last=Kumar|first=Bhaswar|date=22 April 2019|work=Business Standard India|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807064526/https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/asat-test-shows-india-has-means-to-destroy-icbms-in-outer-space-experts-119042200713_1.html|archive-date=7 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> A report published on the official [[DRDO]] website suggests the same.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/pub/npc/2019/May/din-03may2019.pdf|title=DRDO ASAT test|date=3 May 2019|website=Defence Research and Development Organisation|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810061625/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/pub/npc/2019/May/din-03may2019.pdf|archive-date=10 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> On DefExpo 2020, DRDO confirmed that PDV Mk.2 is ready for limited series production.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/94168/defexpo-2020-drdo-says-asat-weapon-system-is-ready-for-further-limited-production|title=Defexpo 2020: DRDO says ASAT weapon system is 'ready for further limited production' {{!}} Jane's 360|website=www.janes.com|access-date=15 February 2022}}</ref> The [[solid rocket booster]] used is a derivative of the technology first developed for [[Sagarika (missile)|Sagarika missile]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Unnithan|first=Sandeep|date=31 December 2021|title=The 'K' factor in the recent missile tests|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/the-k-factor-in-the-recent-missile-tests-1894315-2021-12-30|access-date=2022-01-01|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref>
+It has been suggested that this missile may have the capability of [[Exosphere|exo-atmospheric]] [[Ballistic missile defence|interception]] of [[Intercontinental ballistic missile]]s.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/asat-test-shows-india-has-means-to-destroy-icbms-in-outer-space-experts-119042200713_1.html|title=ASAT test shows India has means to destroy ICBMs in outer space: Experts|last=Kumar|first=Bhaswar|date=22 April 2019|work=Business Standard India|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807064526/https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/asat-test-shows-india-has-means-to-destroy-icbms-in-outer-space-experts-119042200713_1.html|archive-date=7 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> A report published on the official [[DRDO]] website suggests the same.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/pub/npc/2019/May/din-03may2019.pdf|title=DRDO ASAT test|date=3 May 2019|website=Defence Research and Development Organisation|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810061625/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/pub/npc/2019/May/din-03may2019.pdf|archive-date=10 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> On DefExpo 2020, DRDO confirmed that PDV Mk.2 is ready for limited series production.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.janes.com/article/94168/defexpo-2020-drdo-says-asat-weapon-system-is-ready-for-further-limited-production|title=Defexpo 2020: DRDO says ASAT weapon system is 'ready for further limited production' {{!}} Jane's 360|website=www.janes.com|access-date=15 February 2020}}</ref> The [[solid rocket booster]] used is a derivative of the technology first developed for [[Sagarika (missile)|Sagarika missile]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Unnithan|first=Sandeep|date=31 December 2021|title=The 'K' factor in the recent missile tests|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/the-k-factor-in-the-recent-missile-tests-1894315-2021-12-30|access-date=2022-01-01|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref>
 ===Swordfish RADAR===
-{{Update|section|date = November 2022}}
+{{Update|section|date = November 2019}}
 {{Main|Swordfish Long Range Tracking Radar}}
-[[Swordfish Long Range Tracking Radar|Swordfish]] is the target acquisition and fire control radar for the BMD system. The Long Range Tracking Radar (LRTR) currently has a range of {{convert|600|km|abbr=on}} to {{convert|800|km|abbr=on}} and can spot objects as small as a [[cricket ball]]. The DRDO plans to upgrade the capacity of Swordfish to 1,500&nbsp;km by 2017.<ref name="et">{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/Major-defence-deals-up-for-grabs/articleshow/5294065.cms|title=Major defence deals up for grabs|author=Peerzada Abrar|date=3 December 2009|work=The Economic Times|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102233616/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/Major-defence-deals-up-for-grabs/articleshow/5294065.cms|archive-date=2 January 2017|access-date=6 December 2022}}</ref>
+[[Swordfish Long Range Tracking Radar|Swordfish]] is the target acquisition and fire control radar for the BMD system. The Long Range Tracking Radar (LRTR) currently has a range of {{convert|600|km|abbr=on}} to {{convert|800|km|abbr=on}} and can spot objects as small as a [[cricket ball]]. The DRDO plans to upgrade the capacity of Swordfish to 1,500&nbsp;km by 2017.<ref name="et">{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/Major-defence-deals-up-for-grabs/articleshow/5294065.cms|title=Major defence deals up for grabs|author=Peerzada Abrar|date=3 December 2009|work=The Economic Times|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102233616/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/Major-defence-deals-up-for-grabs/articleshow/5294065.cms|archive-date=2 January 2017|access-date=6 December 2012}}</ref>
 The 1,500&nbsp;km range upgraded variant called Super Swordfish or Very Long Range Tracking Radar (VLRTR) was raised in 2017 for Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme and is now operational.<ref>{{cite web|title=Major Achievements from 2014 to 2018|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/4YearsOfNDA/Comprehensive-Materials/defence.pdf|access-date=30 September 2021|website=Press Information Bureau|publisher=Ministry of Defence, Government of India}}</ref>
@@ Line 262: / Line 262: @@
 *{{flagu|United States}} – According to US Deputy Defence Secretary [[Ashton Carter]], there is a potential for co-operation with India to develop a Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) shield.
-"''That is an important potential area for our future cooperation''", Carter said while on his visit to India in July 2012.<ref name=BS>{{cite news|title=Potential for cooperation with India to develop BMD: US|url=http://www.business-standard.com/generalnews/news/potential-for-cooperationindia-to-develop-bmd-us/35778/|access-date=25 July 2012|newspaper=Business Standard|date=23 July 2022}}</ref>
+"''That is an important potential area for our future cooperation''", Carter said while on his visit to India in July 2012.<ref name=BS>{{cite news|title=Potential for cooperation with India to develop BMD: US|url=http://www.business-standard.com/generalnews/news/potential-for-cooperationindia-to-develop-bmd-us/35778/|access-date=25 July 2012|newspaper=Business Standard|date=23 July 2012}}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 279: / Line 279: @@
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080212071512/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/MISSILES/Armoury.html Bharat-Rakshak Missile Page]
 * [http://www.domain-b.com/aero/space/launch_veh/20080108_defence.html India to have Ballistic Missile Defence system in place by 2010]
-* {{Cite journal| author = Ghazala Yasmin | year = 2006 | title = Missile Defence in South Asia: Implications for the Region | journal = Strategic Studies Journal | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | publisher = Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad (ISSI) | location = Islamabad | url = http://www.issi.org.pk/journal/2006_files/no_3/article/a4.htm | access-date = 26 January 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080202074834/http://www.issi.org.pk/journal/2006_files/no_3/article/a4.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2 February 2022}}
+* {{Cite journal| author = Ghazala Yasmin | year = 2006 | title = Missile Defence in South Asia: Implications for the Region | journal = Strategic Studies Journal | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | publisher = Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad (ISSI) | location = Islamabad | url = http://www.issi.org.pk/journal/2006_files/no_3/article/a4.htm | access-date = 26 January 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080202074834/http://www.issi.org.pk/journal/2006_files/no_3/article/a4.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2 February 2008}}
-* {{Cite journal| author = Dr. Sanjay Badri-Maharaj | title = Ballistic Missile Defence for India | journal = IAF Today | publisher = Bharat-Rakshak | url = http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Info/BMD.html | access-date = 26 January 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071112050607/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Info/BMD.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 12 November 2022}} – A detailed, but somewhat dated analysis.
+* {{Cite journal| author = Dr. Sanjay Badri-Maharaj | title = Ballistic Missile Defence for India | journal = IAF Today | publisher = Bharat-Rakshak | url = http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Info/BMD.html | access-date = 26 January 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071112050607/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Info/BMD.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 12 November 2007}} – A detailed, but somewhat dated analysis.
 * [http://www.deagel.com/news/Pradyumna-Ballistic-Missile-Interceptor-Scores-Third-Successful-Test-at-80km-of-Altitude_n000005789.aspx Pradyumna-Ballistic-Missile-Interceptor]
 * [http://flonnet.com/stories/20090410260704100.htm Hat-trick of hits]{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}