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{{Short description| | {{Short description|Sikh leader of the Singh Krora Misl}} | ||
{{Multiple issues| | {{Multiple issues| | ||
{{more citations needed|date=August 2016}} | {{more citations needed|date=August 2016}} | ||
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}} | ||
{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| honorific_prefix = [[Sardar]] | |||
| name = Baghel Singh | | name = Baghel Singh | ||
| image = Baghel Singh.jpg | | image = Baghel Singh.jpg | ||
| birth_date = 1730 | | birth_date = 1730 | ||
| death_date = 1802 | | death_date = 1802 | ||
| birth_place = [[Jhabal Kalan]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]] <br> {{small|(present-day [[Tarn Taran district]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]])}} | | birth_place = [[Jhabal Kalan]], [[Punjab]], [[Mughal Empire]] <br> {{small|(present-day [[Tarn Taran district]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]])}} | ||
| death_place = [[Hariana]], [[Singh Krora Misl]], [[Sikh Confederacy]] <br> {{small|(present-day [[Hoshiarpur district]], Punjab, India)}} | | death_place = [[Hariana]], [[Singh Krora Misl]], [[Sikh Confederacy]] <br> {{small|(present-day [[Hoshiarpur district]], Punjab, India)}} | ||
| resting_place = 1765 - 1802 | | resting_place = 1765 - 1802 | ||
| resting_place_coordinates = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] | | resting_place_coordinates = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] | ||
| spouse = Bibi Ram Kaur <br /> Bibi Roop Kaur <br /> Bibi Rattan Kaur | |||
| children = Bahadur Singh | | children = Bahadur Singh | ||
| known_for = * [[Battle of Delhi (1783)|Capture of Delhi and Red fort (1783)]] | | known_for = * [[Battle of Delhi (1783)|Capture of Delhi and Red fort (1783)]] | ||
* Resistance in opposition to Mughal dominion | * Resistance in opposition to Mughal dominion | ||
| nationality = [[Sikh]] | | nationality = [[Sikh]] | ||
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== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
[[File: Gurdwara Baghel Singh.jpg|thumb|Gurdwara Baghel Singh]] | |||
Baghel Singh was born in village Jhabal Kalan, Amritsar District of Punjab around 1730s into a Dhaliwal [[Jat]] family.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Major Nahar Singh Jawandha|title=Glimpses of Sikhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DQeKTUXphPMC&dq=baghel+singh+dhaliwal+Jat&pg=PA202|publisher=Sanbun Publishers|year=2010|isbn=9789380213255|pages=239}}</ref> He was the descendant of Chaudhary [[Bhai Langaha]] , the Sikh chief of 84 villages in the Majha, who along with his younger brother Bhai Pero Shah the grandfather of the famous Mai Bhago, had converted to Sikhism, during the time of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, in the 1580s. | Baghel Singh was born in village Jhabal Kalan, Amritsar District of Punjab around 1730s into a Dhaliwal [[Jat]] family.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Major Nahar Singh Jawandha|title=Glimpses of Sikhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DQeKTUXphPMC&dq=baghel+singh+dhaliwal+Jat&pg=PA202|publisher=Sanbun Publishers|year=2010|isbn=9789380213255|pages=239}}</ref> He was the descendant of Chaudhary [[Bhai Langaha]] , the Sikh chief of 84 villages in the Majha, who along with his younger brother Bhai Pero Shah the grandfather of the famous Mai Bhago, had converted to Sikhism, during the time of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, in the 1580s. | ||
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Soon after the Sikh conquest of [[Sirhind]] in 1764, Singh extended his rule beyond [[Karnal]] and occupied a number of villages including [[Chhalaudi]] which became Singh's new headquarters.<ref name="Bhagata 1993 271–282">{{cite book|last=Bhagata|first=Siṅgha|title=A History of the Sikh Misals|publisher=Publication Bureau, Punjabi University|year=1993|pages= 271–282|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BihuAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA271|quote=Baghel Singh, Baghel Singh took the leadership of karorisingha misl.}}</ref> Singh further expanded his territory into the [[Cis-Sutlej states]] including [[Meerut]], [[Saharanpur]], [[Shahdra]] and [[Awadh]]. His actions were supported by Afghan allies including [[Zabita Khan]] and [[Ghulam Qadir Khan|Ghulam Kadir]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Great Maratha Mahadaji Scindia|author=N. G. Rathod|year=1994|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uPq640stHJ0C&pg=PA8|pages=31–32|isbn=9788185431529}}</ref> | Soon after the Sikh conquest of [[Sirhind]] in 1764, Singh extended his rule beyond [[Karnal]] and occupied a number of villages including [[Chhalaudi]] which became Singh's new headquarters.<ref name="Bhagata 1993 271–282">{{cite book|last=Bhagata|first=Siṅgha|title=A History of the Sikh Misals|publisher=Publication Bureau, Punjabi University|year=1993|pages= 271–282|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BihuAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA271|quote=Baghel Singh, Baghel Singh took the leadership of karorisingha misl.}}</ref> Singh further expanded his territory into the [[Cis-Sutlej states]] including [[Meerut]], [[Saharanpur]], [[Shahdra]] and [[Awadh]]. His actions were supported by Afghan allies including [[Zabita Khan]] and [[Ghulam Qadir Khan|Ghulam Kadir]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Great Maratha Mahadaji Scindia|author=N. G. Rathod|year=1994|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uPq640stHJ0C&pg=PA8|pages=31–32|isbn=9788185431529}}</ref> | ||
==Attack on Delhi== | ===Attack on Delhi=== | ||
In February 1764, an army of 30,000 Sikh soldiers under the command of warrior leaders including Singh, crossed the [[Yamuna]] River and captured [[Saharanpur]]. They overran the territory of [[Najib ad-Dawlah|Najib ud-Daulah]], acquiring from him a tribute of eleven [[lakh]] of rupees ({{Indian Rupees}} 1,100,000). | In February 1764, an army of 30,000 Sikh soldiers under the command of warrior leaders including Singh, crossed the [[Yamuna]] River and captured [[Saharanpur]]. They overran the territory of [[Najib ad-Dawlah|Najib ud-Daulah]], acquiring from him a tribute of eleven [[lakh]] of rupees ({{Indian Rupees}} 1,100,000). | ||
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In March 1776, the Sikhs defeated the forces of the Mughal emperor [[Shah Alam II]] near [[Muzaffarnagar]].<ref> Gupta, Hari Ram, History of the Sikhs, vol. III. Delhi, 1979 </ref><ref> Sital, Sohan Singh, Sikh Mislan. Ludhiana, 1952 </ref> | In March 1776, the Sikhs defeated the forces of the Mughal emperor [[Shah Alam II]] near [[Muzaffarnagar]].<ref> Gupta, Hari Ram, History of the Sikhs, vol. III. Delhi, 1979 </ref><ref> Sital, Sohan Singh, Sikh Mislan. Ludhiana, 1952 </ref> | ||
==Battle of Ghanaur== | ===Battle of Ghanaur=== | ||
In 1778, Shah Alam II sent an army of about 10,000 soldiers in a [[counter-attack]] against the Sikhs. The Mughal force was led by the [[Vizier|Wazir]] [[Mirza Najaf Khan]] (Nawab Majad-Ud-Daula) under the banner of the crown prince. The Mughal forces and the Sikh forces met in battle at [[Ghanaur]], near [[Patiala]]. The Mughal army lost the battle and surrendered. | In 1778, Shah Alam II sent an army of about 10,000 soldiers in a [[counter-attack]] against the Sikhs. The Mughal force was led by the [[Vizier|Wazir]] [[Mirza Najaf Khan]] (Nawab Majad-Ud-Daula) under the banner of the crown prince. The Mughal forces and the Sikh forces met in battle at [[Ghanaur]], near [[Patiala]]. The Mughal army lost the battle and surrendered. | ||