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{{Use dmy dates|date= | {{Short description|British general and colonial administrator}} | ||
{{Use British English|date=March | {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}} | ||
{{Use British English|date=March 2022}} | |||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
|honorific-prefix = [[Brigadier-General]] | |honorific-prefix = [[Brigadier-General]] | ||
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==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Manning was educated at the [[University of Cambridge]] as a [[Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge|non-collegiate student]]<ref>{{acad|id=MNN883WH|name=Manning, William Henry}}</ref> and the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]] and was commissioned a [[ | Manning was educated at the [[University of Cambridge]] as a [[Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge|non-collegiate student]]<ref>{{acad|id=MNN883WH|name=Manning, William Henry}}</ref> and the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]] and was commissioned a [[lieutenant]] in the [[South Wales Borderers]] in 1886.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=25619 |date=24 August 1886 |page=4131}}</ref> In 1888 he transferred to the [[British Indian Army|Indian Army]],<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=25864 |date=9 October 1888 |page=5544}}</ref> and served in the [[51st Sikhs]]. He was wounded in the [[Second Burmese War]] and also served in the First Miranzai Expedition and the [[Hazara Expedition]] on the [[North-West Frontier (military history)|North-West Frontier]] in 1891. He commanded the [[Mlanja]] and [[Chirad-Zulu]] expeditions in [[British Central Africa]] in 1893–1894. | ||
==Diplomatic and military service in Africa== | ==Diplomatic and military service in Africa== | ||
In 1897 he was appointed Deputy Commissioner and [[Consul-General]] for British Central Africa and commander of its Armed Forces with the local rank of [[ | In 1897 he was appointed Deputy Commissioner and [[Consul-General]] for British Central Africa and commander of its Armed Forces with the local rank of [[lieutenant-colonel]],<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=26897 |date=5 October 1897 |page=5444}}</ref> and served as Acting Commissioner for nearly two years. | ||
He commanded the operations against Chief [[Mpezeni]] in North-East [[Rhodesia]] in 1898, for which he was promoted | He commanded the operations against Chief [[Mpezeni]] in North-East [[Rhodesia]] in 1898, for which he was promoted brevet [[major]] in 1898<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27045 |date=24 January 1899 |page=463}}</ref> and brevet [[lieutenant-colonel]] in 1899.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27122 |date=3 October 1899 |page=6005}}</ref> | ||
Manning raised and commanded the [[Central Africa Regiment]] and was the first [[Inspector-General]] of the [[King's African Rifles]] from 1901 to 1907, with the local rank of [[ | Manning raised and commanded the [[Central Africa Regiment]] and was the first [[Inspector-General]] of the [[King's African Rifles]] from 1901 to 1907, with the local rank of [[brigadier-general]] (although his substantive rank was still captain).<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27376 |date=12 November 1901 |page=7294}}</ref> During Spring 1902 he undertook an official tour through [[Uganda Protectorate|Uganda]] and the [[East African Protectorate]], returning to England in June that year.<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=Naval & Military intelligence|date=18 June 1902 |page=14 |issue=36797}}</ref> He was supposed to undertake a second tour of inspecting garrisons in [[British Somaliland]], [[British Central Africa Protectorate]], British East Africa and Uganda later the same year,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=Naval & Military intelligence |date=8 October 1902 |page=4 |issue=36893}}</ref> but shortly after arrival in Africa was re-directed to join the force gathered in Somaliland to fight the [[Mohammed Abdullah Hassan|Mad Mullah]]. | ||
He | He was in Somaliland by the middle of November 1902,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title= Operations in Somaliland |date=28 November 1902 |page=5 |issue=36937}}</ref> and in late December was appointed in command of the [[Somaliland Field Force]].<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27531 |date=3 March 1903 |page=1418}}</ref> From 1903 to 1904 he commanded its 1st Brigade. In April 1903 he fought against the Mad Mullah's army in battle, inflicting 2,000 casualties. For services in Somaliland he was appointed [[Order of the Bath|Companion of the Order of the Bath]] (CB) in 1903<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27584 |date=7 August 1903 |page=4982}}</ref> and [[Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (KCMG) in 1904.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27711 |date=6 September 1904 |page=5776}}</ref> In February 1904 he was promoted brevet [[colonel]]<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27743 |date=13 December 1904 |page=8561}}</ref> and in August 1904 he was finally promoted to the substantive rank of major.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27742 |date=9 December 1904 |page=8455}}</ref> | ||
==Commissioner of Somaliland and Governor of Nyasaland== | ==Commissioner of Somaliland and Governor of Nyasaland== | ||
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==Governor of Jamaica and Governor of Ceylon== | ==Governor of Jamaica and Governor of Ceylon== | ||
In February 1913 he became [[Governor of Jamaica]]<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28691 |date=18 February 1913 |page=1238}}</ref> and was granted the perpetual honorary rank of | In February 1913 he became [[Governor of Jamaica]]<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28691 |date=18 February 1913 |page=1238}}</ref> and was granted the perpetual honorary rank of brigadier-general,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28687 |date=4 February 1913 |page=846}}</ref> which he had held for most of his service since 1901. In September 1918 he was appointed [[Governor of Ceylon]]. He was appointed [[Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] in 1918 and [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (GCMG) in the 1921 New Year Honours.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=32178 |date=1 January 1921 |page=5|supp=y}}</ref> He retired in 1925. | ||
The [[Manning Cup]] school football competition in Jamaica was named after him. | The [[Manning Cup]] school football competition in Jamaica was named after him. | ||
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==Footnotes== | ==Footnotes== | ||
{{reflist | {{reflist}} | ||
{{s-start}} | {{s-start}} | ||
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[[Category:Governors of British Somaliland]] | [[Category:Governors of British Somaliland]] | ||
[[Category:British military personnel of the Hazara Expedition of 1888]] | [[Category:British military personnel of the Hazara Expedition of 1888]] | ||
[[Category:Members of the Legislative Council of Ceylon]] | |||
Revision as of 22:15, 9 November 2022
Sir William Henry Manning | |
|---|---|
 Captain. W. H. Manning (photo taken from 'British Central Africa' by Sir Template:W 1897) | |
| 23rd Governor of British Ceylon | |
| In office 10 September 1918 – 1 April 1925 | |
| Monarch | George V |
| Preceded by | Reginald Edward Stubbs (Acting governor) |
| Succeeded by | Cecil Clementi (Acting governor) |
| Commissioner of British Somaliland | |
| In office February 1910 – November 1910 | |
| Preceded by | Harry Edward Spiller Cordeaux |
| Succeeded by | Horace Byatt |
| Governor of Nyasaland (acting) | |
| In office 6 February 1911 – 23 September 1913 | |
| Preceded by | Henry Richard Wallis (acting) |
| Succeeded by | George Smith |
| Governor of Jamaica | |
| In office 7 March 1913 – 11 May 1918 | |
| Monarch | Edward VII |
| Preceded by | Philip Clark Cork |
| Succeeded by | Robert Johnstone |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 19 July 1863 |
| Died | 1 January 1932 (aged 68) |
| Citizenship | British |
Brigadier-General Sir William Henry Manning, GCMG, KBE, CB (19 July 1863 – 1 January 1932) was a British Indian Army officer and colonial administrator.
Early life
Manning was educated at the University of Cambridge as a non-collegiate student[1] and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and was commissioned a lieutenant in the South Wales Borderers in 1886.[2] In 1888 he transferred to the Indian Army,[3] and served in the 51st Sikhs. He was wounded in the Second Burmese War and also served in the First Miranzai Expedition and the Hazara Expedition on the North-West Frontier in 1891. He commanded the Mlanja and Chirad-Zulu expeditions in British Central Africa in 1893–1894.
Diplomatic and military service in Africa
In 1897 he was appointed Deputy Commissioner and Consul-General for British Central Africa and commander of its Armed Forces with the local rank of lieutenant-colonel,[4] and served as Acting Commissioner for nearly two years. He commanded the operations against Chief Mpezeni in North-East Rhodesia in 1898, for which he was promoted brevet major in 1898[5] and brevet lieutenant-colonel in 1899.[6]
Manning raised and commanded the Central Africa Regiment and was the first Inspector-General of the King's African Rifles from 1901 to 1907, with the local rank of brigadier-general (although his substantive rank was still captain).[7] During Spring 1902 he undertook an official tour through Uganda and the East African Protectorate, returning to England in June that year.[8] He was supposed to undertake a second tour of inspecting garrisons in British Somaliland, British Central Africa Protectorate, British East Africa and Uganda later the same year,[9] but shortly after arrival in Africa was re-directed to join the force gathered in Somaliland to fight the Mad Mullah.
He was in Somaliland by the middle of November 1902,[10] and in late December was appointed in command of the Somaliland Field Force.[11] From 1903 to 1904 he commanded its 1st Brigade. In April 1903 he fought against the Mad Mullah's army in battle, inflicting 2,000 casualties. For services in Somaliland he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1903[12] and Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in 1904.[13] In February 1904 he was promoted brevet colonel[14] and in August 1904 he was finally promoted to the substantive rank of major.[15]
Commissioner of Somaliland and Governor of Nyasaland
In February 1910 Manning was appointed Commissioner and Commander-in-Chief of the Somaliland Protectorate[16] and in November 1910 Governor and C-in-C of the Nyasaland Protectorate,[17] where the border post Fort Manning (now Mchinji, Malawi) was named after him. He retired from the Indian Army in December 1910.[18]
Governor of Jamaica and Governor of Ceylon
In February 1913 he became Governor of Jamaica[19] and was granted the perpetual honorary rank of brigadier-general,[20] which he had held for most of his service since 1901. In September 1918 he was appointed Governor of Ceylon. He was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1918 and Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG) in the 1921 New Year Honours.[21] He retired in 1925.
The Manning Cup school football competition in Jamaica was named after him.
References
- Obituary, The Times, 4 January 1932
Footnotes
- ↑ "Manning, William Henry (MNN883WH)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ↑ "No. 25619". The London Gazette. 24 August 1886. p. 4131.
- ↑ "No. 25864". The London Gazette. 9 October 1888. p. 5544.
- ↑ "No. 26897". The London Gazette. 5 October 1897. p. 5444.
- ↑ "No. 27045". The London Gazette. 24 January 1899. p. 463.
- ↑ "No. 27122". The London Gazette. 3 October 1899. p. 6005.
- ↑ "No. 27376". The London Gazette. 12 November 1901. p. 7294.
- ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36797. London. 18 June 1902. p. 14.
- ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36893. London. 8 October 1902. p. 4.
- ↑ "Operations in Somaliland". The Times. No. 36937. London. 28 November 1902. p. 5.
- ↑ "No. 27531". The London Gazette. 3 March 1903. p. 1418.
- ↑ "No. 27584". The London Gazette. 7 August 1903. p. 4982.
- ↑ "No. 27711". The London Gazette. 6 September 1904. p. 5776.
- ↑ "No. 27743". The London Gazette. 13 December 1904. p. 8561.
- ↑ "No. 27742". The London Gazette. 9 December 1904. p. 8455.
- ↑ "No. 28342". The London Gazette. 22 February 1910. p. 1326.
- ↑ "No. 28436". The London Gazette. 11 November 1910. p. 8073.
- ↑ "No. 28454". The London Gazette. 6 January 1911. p. 133.
- ↑ "No. 28691". The London Gazette. 18 February 1913. p. 1238.
- ↑ "No. 28687". The London Gazette. 4 February 1913. p. 846.
- ↑ "No. 32178". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1921. p. 5.
| Government offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Reginald Edward Stubbs acting governor |
Governor of British Ceylon 1918-1925 |
Succeeded by Cecil Clementi acting governor |