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"Rising Profits and Fears of Forfeiture in Neutral Netherlands East Indies during World War One", ''Social Scientist'' Vol. 42, No. 7/8 (July–August 2014), pp. 47-61 </ref> along with the intelligence passed on by another German agent [[Vincent Kraft]], was instrumental in uncovering parts of the [[Hindu–German Conspiracy]], especially the plans to ship arms to [[India]] on board the {{SS|Maverick}} in June 1915.  ''Oren'' also passed on information on the operations of [[Jatindranath Mukherjee]]'s agent [[Narendranath Bhattacharya]] with German ministers in South-East Asia, and of Jatin's [[Christmas Day Plot|plans for revolt]] in the Indian Army in [[Bengal]] in August 1915.
"Rising Profits and Fears of Forfeiture in Neutral Netherlands East Indies during World War One", ''Social Scientist'' Vol. 42, No. 7/8 (July–August 2014), pp. 47-61 </ref> along with the intelligence passed on by another German agent [[Vincent Kraft]], was instrumental in uncovering parts of the [[Hindu–German Conspiracy]], especially the plans to ship arms to [[India]] on board the {{SS|Maverick}} in June 1915.  ''Oren'' also passed on information on the operations of [[Jatindranath Mukherjee]]'s agent [[Narendranath Bhattacharya]] with German ministers in South-East Asia, and of Jatin's [[Christmas Day Plot|plans for revolt]] in the Indian Army in [[Bengal]] in August 1915.


Based on Oren's intelligence, the ''Maverick'' was seized.{{dubious|1=Dubious: Maverick seized|date=September 2017}}  Meanwhile in India, police destroyed the underground movement in [[Calcutta]] as an unaware Jatin proceeded according to plan to the [[Bay of Bengal]] coast in [[Balasore]].  He was followed there by Indian police and on 9 September 1915, he and a group of five revolutionaries armed with [[Mauser pistol|Mauser]] pistols made a last stand on the banks of the river Burha Balang.  Seriously wounded in a gun battle that lasted seventy five minutes, Jatin died the next day in the town of Balasore.<ref name=Gupta12>{{Harvnb|Gupta|1997|p=12}}</ref><ref name=Strachan802>{{Harvnb|Strachan|2001|p=802}}</ref><ref name=Popplewell291>{{Harvnb|Popplewell|1995|p=291}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=September 2017}}<ref name=Dignan63>{{Harvnb|Dignan|1983|p=63}}</ref>  
Based on Oren's intelligence, the ''Maverick'' was seized.{{dubious|1=Dubious: Maverick seized|date=September 2022}}  Meanwhile in India, police destroyed the underground movement in [[Calcutta]] as an unaware Jatin proceeded according to plan to the [[Bay of Bengal]] coast in [[Balasore]].  He was followed there by Indian police and on 9 September 1915, he and a group of five revolutionaries armed with [[Mauser pistol|Mauser]] pistols made a last stand on the banks of the river Burha Balang.  Seriously wounded in a gun battle that lasted seventy five minutes, Jatin died the next day in the town of Balasore.<ref name=Gupta12>{{Harvnb|Gupta|1997|p=12}}</ref><ref name=Strachan802>{{Harvnb|Strachan|2001|p=802}}</ref><ref name=Popplewell291>{{Harvnb|Popplewell|1995|p=291}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=September 2022}}<ref name=Dignan63>{{Harvnb|Dignan|1983|p=63}}</ref>  


Oren's true identity was never disclosed by Beckett.
Oren's true identity was never disclosed by Beckett.
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  | date=Sep–Oct 1997
  | date=Sep–Oct 1997
  | pages=3–27
  | pages=3–27
  | url =  
  | doi=10.2307/3517678 | jstor=3517678 | url =  
  | issn= 0970-0293
  | issn= 0970-0293
}}
}}
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  | url =  
  | url =  
  | publisher = Oxford University Press, USA
  | publisher = Oxford University Press, USA
  | ISBN= 0-19-926191-1
  | isbn= 0-19-926191-1
}}
}}
* {{Citation
* {{Citation
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  | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H44J2uDSE2cC&pg=PA291
  | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H44J2uDSE2cC&pg=PA291
  | publisher = Routledge
  | publisher = Routledge
  | ISBN = 0-7146-4580-X
  | isbn = 0-7146-4580-X
}}
}}
* {{Citation
* {{Citation
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  | url =  
  | url =  
  | publisher = New Delhi, Allied Publishers
  | publisher = New Delhi, Allied Publishers
  | ISBN =
  | isbn =
}}
}}


Revision as of 06:43, 15 August 2022

Oren was the codename assigned to a Baltic-German double agent in South-East Asia by British Intelligence during World War I.

Identity

Although his true identity is unknown, he is believed to be a man of Swedish descent. Author Nigel West states that he was a Baltic German.[1]

Espionage

Oren's intelligence passed on to the British Consul in Batavia, W.E. Beckett[2] along with the intelligence passed on by another German agent Vincent Kraft, was instrumental in uncovering parts of the Hindu–German Conspiracy, especially the plans to ship arms to India on board the SS Maverick in June 1915. Oren also passed on information on the operations of Jatindranath Mukherjee's agent Narendranath Bhattacharya with German ministers in South-East Asia, and of Jatin's plans for revolt in the Indian Army in Bengal in August 1915.

Based on Oren's intelligence, the Maverick was seized.[dubious – discuss] Meanwhile in India, police destroyed the underground movement in Calcutta as an unaware Jatin proceeded according to plan to the Bay of Bengal coast in Balasore. He was followed there by Indian police and on 9 September 1915, he and a group of five revolutionaries armed with Mauser pistols made a last stand on the banks of the river Burha Balang. Seriously wounded in a gun battle that lasted seventy five minutes, Jatin died the next day in the town of Balasore.[3][4][5][failed verification][6]

Oren's true identity was never disclosed by Beckett.

References

Footnotes

  1. ↑ N. West, Historical Dictionary of World War 1 Intelligence, "Christmas Day Plot" entry, p 55; Scarecrow Press.
  2. ↑ Alec Gordon article, "Rising Profits and Fears of Forfeiture in Neutral Netherlands East Indies during World War One", Social Scientist Vol. 42, No. 7/8 (July–August 2014), pp. 47-61
  3. ↑ Gupta 1997, p. 12
  4. ↑ Strachan 2001, p. 802
  5. ↑ Popplewell 1995, p. 291
  6. ↑ Dignan 1983, p. 63

Notations

  • Gupta, Amit K (Sep–Oct 1997), "Defying Death: Nationalist Revolutionism in India, 1897-1938", Social Scientist, vol. 25, no. 9/10, pp. 3–27, doi:10.2307/3517678, ISSN 0970-0293, JSTOR 3517678
  • Strachan, Hew (2001), The First World War, vol. I: To Arms, Oxford University Press, USA, ISBN 0-19-926191-1
  • Popplewell, Richard J (1995), Intelligence and Imperial Defence: British Intelligence and the Defence of the Indian Empire 1904-1924., Routledge, ISBN 0-7146-4580-X
  • Dignan, Don (1983), The Indian revolutionary problem in British Diplomacy, 1914-1919, New Delhi, Allied Publishers
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