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{{Short description|Social group of East India}} | |||
{{Distinguish|text=the [[Raut (caste)]], a community of Chattisgarh}} | |||
The '''Rautia''' is a caste found in the states of [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhatishgarh]] and [[Odisha]] in [[India]]. They are also known as the Rautas.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Abbasi|first=A. A.|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume|publisher=Sarup & Sons|year=2001|isbn=81-7625-186-0|location=|pages=70}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Orissa (India)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DS5uAAAAMAAJ|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Sundargarh|date=1966|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press|pages=109|language=en}}</ref> | |||
{{infobox ethnic group| | {{infobox ethnic group| | ||
|group= Rautia | | group = Rautia | ||
|poptime = | | native_name = Rautiya | ||
|popplace = [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]] | | poptime = | ||
|langs = | | popplace = [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]] | ||
|rels= [[Hinduism]] | | langs = [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]] | ||
|related= | | rels = [[Hinduism]] | ||
| related = | |||
}} | }} | ||
== History and origin == | == History and origin == | ||
According to their traditions, the community helped and protect [[Rajput]] prince, who as a reward had given lands in [[Lohardaga district|Lohardaga]], [[Jashpur district|Jashpur]] territory.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref> | According to their traditions, the community helped and protect [[Rajput]] prince, who as a reward had given lands in [[Lohardaga district|Lohardaga]], [[Jashpur district|Jashpur]] territory.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref> | ||
Their chief were estate holder from [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] king of Chhota Nagpur. They held favorable tenure on the condition of military service.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGm15pOhqnQC&pg=PT547 | Their chief were estate holder from [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] king of Chhota Nagpur. They held favorable tenure on the condition of military service.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGm15pOhqnQC&dq=Rautia&pg=PT547|title=The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume IV of IV|isbn=9781465583024|last1=Russell|first1=Robert Vane|date=28 September 2020}}</ref> | ||
The name Rautia is related to [[Rawat (title)|Rawat]]. Rawat means prince and is also a title borne by relatives of kings. They speak the [[Sadri language|Sadri]] dialect of [[Hindi]]. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C | The name Rautia is related to [[Rawat (title)|Rawat]]. Rawat means prince and is also a title borne by relatives of kings. They speak the [[Sadri language|Sadri]] dialect of [[Hindi]]. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C|title=THE RAUTIA|isbn=9788170463030|last1=Singh|first1=K. S.|year=2008}}</ref> | ||
In 1812 Jagirdar [[Bakhtar Say]] along with Parganait [[Mundal Singh]] rebelled against excessive tax impostion. They killed tax collector and defeated an [[East India Company]] force. Later they were defeated, captured and hanged in Kolkata.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527.cms|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots|website=timesofindia|date=18 April 2016|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="jagran">{{cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/gumla-no-facilities-of-people-in-village-of-shahid-mundan-singh-in-gumla-17770859.html|title=शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव|website=jagran|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref> | In 1812 Jagirdar [[Bakhtar Say]] along with Parganait [[Mundal Singh]] rebelled against excessive tax impostion. They killed tax collector and defeated an [[East India Company]] force. Later they were defeated, captured and hanged in Kolkata.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527.cms|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots|website=timesofindia|date=18 April 2016|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="jagran">{{cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/gumla-no-facilities-of-people-in-village-of-shahid-mundan-singh-in-gumla-17770859.html|title=शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव|website=jagran|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref> | ||
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==Culture== | ==Culture== | ||
The traditional festivals of Rautia are [[Karam (festival)|Karam]] Jitia, Nawakhani and Diwali.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/simdega-mundal-singh-17777230.html|title=सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप|website=jagran|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> The traditional dances of Rautia are | The traditional festivals of Rautia are [[Karam (festival)|Karam]], Jitia, Nawakhani and Diwali.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/simdega-mundal-singh-17777230.html|title=सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप|website=jagran|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> The traditional dances of Rautia are [[Jhumair|Jhumar]] and [[Domkach]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/gumla/news/go-on-the-trail-as-told-by-saqar-mundal-singh-062023-4307550.html|title=बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें|website=livehindustan|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> | ||
==Official classification== | ==Official classification== | ||
Rautia are included in list of [[Other Backward Class]] in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-jharkhand/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Jharkhand|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-chhattisgarh/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Chhattisgarh|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-odisha/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Odisha|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref> In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in [[Schedule Tribe]] list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The [[Government of Jharkhand]] had sent the proposal to the [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/cm-nod-to-include-rautia-khangar-castes-in-st-list.html|title=CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list|website=dailypioneer|date=15 July 2016|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-years-old-murad-chief-minister-of-jharkhand-signs-given-2405579.html|title=पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत|website=livehindustan|date=13 February 2019|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> | Rautia are included in list of [[Other Backward Class]] in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-jharkhand/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Jharkhand|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-chhattisgarh/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Chhattisgarh|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-odisha/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Odisha|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref> | ||
In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in [[Schedule Tribe]] list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The [[Government of Jharkhand]] had sent the proposal to the [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/cm-nod-to-include-rautia-khangar-castes-in-st-list.html|title=CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list|website=dailypioneer|date=15 July 2016|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-years-old-murad-chief-minister-of-jharkhand-signs-given-2405579.html|title=पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत|website=livehindustan|date=13 February 2019|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 07:35, 7 April 2022
The Rautia is a caste found in the states of Jharkhand, Chhatishgarh and Odisha in India. They are also known as the Rautas.[1][2][3]
Rautiya | |
|---|---|
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha | |
| Languages | |
| Nagpuri, Hindi | |
| Religion | |
| Hinduism |
History and origin
According to their traditions, the community helped and protect Rajput prince, who as a reward had given lands in Lohardaga, Jashpur territory.[4] Their chief were estate holder from Nagvanshi king of Chhota Nagpur. They held favorable tenure on the condition of military service.[5] The name Rautia is related to Rawat. Rawat means prince and is also a title borne by relatives of kings. They speak the Sadri dialect of Hindi. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.[6]
In 1812 Jagirdar Bakhtar Say along with Parganait Mundal Singh rebelled against excessive tax impostion. They killed tax collector and defeated an East India Company force. Later they were defeated, captured and hanged in Kolkata.[7][8]
Present circumstances
The Rautia are divided into three sub-groups, the Bargohri or pure Rautia, the Majhgohri and chhot gohri. This is also divided into gotras (sub - division) Baghel, Jogi, Khrakhwar, Khumbhoj, Kumhar, Lathoor, Katwar, Nag, Majhi and Rikhi etc. These groups are endogamous, with the former considering itself superior over the other. It is said that the Majhli and Chhotki were the descendants of Rautia fathers and mothers of other castes. Traditionally and primarily they are cultivators. They also gather fruits and tubers from the jungles nearby. A small number have begun to emigrate to towns and cities such as Ranchi.[9]
Culture
The traditional festivals of Rautia are Karam, Jitia, Nawakhani and Diwali.[10] The traditional dances of Rautia are Jhumar and Domkach.[11]
Official classification
Rautia are included in list of Other Backward Class in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.[12][13][14]
In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in Schedule Tribe list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The Government of Jharkhand had sent the proposal to the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India.[15] But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.[16]
References
- ↑ People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books
- ↑ Abbasi, A. A. (2001). Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume. Sarup & Sons. p. 70. ISBN 81-7625-186-0.
- ↑ Orissa (India) (1966). Orissa District Gazetteers: Sundargarh. Superintendent, Orissa Government Press. p. 109.
- ↑ People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books
- ↑ Russell, Robert Vane (28 September 2020). The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume IV of IV. ISBN 9781465583024.
- ↑ Singh, K. S. (2008). THE RAUTIA. ISBN 9788170463030.
- ↑ "Raghubar honours Simdega patriots". timesofindia. 18 April 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ↑ "शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव". jagran. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ↑ People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books
- ↑ "सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप". jagran. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
- ↑ "बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें". livehindustan. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
- ↑ "Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Jharkhand". sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.
- ↑ "Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Chhattisgarh". sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.
- ↑ "Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Odisha". sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.
- ↑ "CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list". dailypioneer. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
- ↑ "पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत". livehindustan. 13 February 2019. Retrieved 13 November 2019.