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Coracle: Difference between revisions
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Where coracle fishing is performed by two coraclers the net is stretched across the river between the two coracles. The coraclers will paddle one handed, dragging the net in the other, and draw the net downstream. When a fish is caught, each hauls up an end of the net until the two boats are brought to touch, and the fish is then secured, using a [[Priest (tool)|priest]] (or knocker – a small block of wood) to stun the fish.{{Cn|date=March 2021}} | Where coracle fishing is performed by two coraclers the net is stretched across the river between the two coracles. The coraclers will paddle one handed, dragging the net in the other, and draw the net downstream. When a fish is caught, each hauls up an end of the net until the two boats are brought to touch, and the fish is then secured, using a [[Priest (tool)|priest]] (or knocker – a small block of wood) to stun the fish.{{Cn|date=March 2021}} | ||
A new tax was introduced in 1863 on the commercial capture of migratory fish in Wales; this led to a decline in the number of coracles. During the 1930's, the government decided to begin revoking the licences of commercial fisher families on the death of the main | A new tax was introduced in 1863 on the commercial capture of migratory fish in Wales; this led to a decline in the number of coracles. During the 1930's, the government decided to begin revoking the licences of commercial fisher families on the death of the main licensees. It took some years for this plan to be completed but eventually led to a more significant decline in the number of craft.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/coracle-making/ |title=Coracle making |website=Heritage Crafts |access-date=May 21, 2022 |quote=Only 12 licences are now issued per season to fish the tidal sections of the Teifi. Eight are issued for the river Tywi, and only one licensed pair can fish the river Taf from St Clares.}}</ref> | ||
In the 1920s and 30s [[James Hornell]] visited hundreds of rivers in the British Isles to talk with remaining coracle makers and users. He documented the tradition in his book ''British Coracles and the Curraghs of Ireland'' (The Society for Nautical Research, 1938) containing drawings, diagrams and construction details gleaned from regular makers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/143224c0 |title=British coracles and Irish curraghs, with a note on the quffah of Iraq |website=Nature |access-date=May 21, 2022 |quote=}}</ref> | In the 1920s and 30s [[James Hornell]] visited hundreds of rivers in the British Isles to talk with remaining coracle makers and users. He documented the tradition in his book ''British Coracles and the Curraghs of Ireland'' (The Society for Nautical Research, 1938) containing drawings, diagrams and construction details gleaned from regular makers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/143224c0 |title=British coracles and Irish curraghs, with a note on the quffah of Iraq |website=Nature |access-date=May 21, 2022 |quote=}}</ref> | ||
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| caption9 = An Iraqi coracle, or {{transl|ar|quffa}} ({{lang|ar|قفة}}), in [[Baghdad]] in 1914 | | caption9 = An Iraqi coracle, or {{transl|ar|quffa}} ({{lang|ar|قفة}}), in [[Baghdad]] in 1914 | ||
}} | }} | ||
The oldest instructions yet found for construction of a coracle are contained in precise directions on a four-thousand-year-old [[cuneiform]] tablet supposedly dictated by the [[Mesopotamian myths|Mesopotamian god]] [[Enki]] to [[Atra-Hasis]] on how to build a round "ark". The tablet is about 2,250 years older than previously discovered accounts of [[flood myth]]s, none of which contain such details. These instructions depict a vessel that is today known as a {{transl|ar|[[quffa]]}} ({{lang|ar|قفة}}), or Iraqi coracle.<ref>{{cite news|title=Noah's Ark Was Round, Based on 4,000-Year-Old Mesopotamian Instructions That Are 'Mathematically Accurate' |author=Gabrielle Jonas |url=http://www.isciencetimes.com/articles/6746/20140128/noahs-ark-round-mesopotamia-flood-cuneiform-instructions-mathematically-accurate.htm |newspaper=International Science Times |date=28 January 2014 |access-date=4 March 2014 |quote=Four thousand-year-old cuneiform instructions on how to build a round "Noah's ark" have turned out to be mathematically on-target, the British Museum curator who translated the text told the ''International Science Times'' Monday. |archive-url=https:// | The oldest instructions yet found for construction of a coracle are contained in precise directions on a four-thousand-year-old [[cuneiform]] tablet supposedly dictated by the [[Mesopotamian myths|Mesopotamian god]] [[Enki]] to [[Atra-Hasis]] on how to build a round "ark". The tablet is about 2,250 years older than previously discovered accounts of [[flood myth]]s, none of which contain such details. These instructions depict a vessel that is today known as a {{transl|ar|[[quffa]]}} ({{lang|ar|قفة}}), or Iraqi coracle.<ref>{{cite news|title=Noah's Ark Was Round, Based on 4,000-Year-Old Mesopotamian Instructions That Are 'Mathematically Accurate' |author=Gabrielle Jonas |url=http://www.isciencetimes.com/articles/6746/20140128/noahs-ark-round-mesopotamia-flood-cuneiform-instructions-mathematically-accurate.htm |newspaper=International Science Times |date=28 January 2014 |access-date=4 March 2014 |quote=Four thousand-year-old cuneiform instructions on how to build a round "Noah's ark" have turned out to be mathematically on-target, the British Museum curator who translated the text told the ''International Science Times'' Monday. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301160358/http://www.isciencetimes.com/articles/6746/20140128/noahs-ark-round-mesopotamia-flood-cuneiform-instructions-mathematically-accurate.htm |archive-date=1 March 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
Many scholars believe that the basket that baby [[Moses]] was [[finding of Moses|cast adrift]] in on the Nile (in [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] 2:3) was in fact a coracle or quffa, based on the similarity of that passage to [[Neo-Assyria]]n legends depicting infants cast adrift on rivers in {{transl|ar|quffas}}.<ref name=Potts>{{Cite book |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4051-8988-0 |last=Potts |first=Daniel T. |title=A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East |date=21 May 2012 }}{{pn|date=January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Coracles: The surprising history of Britain's strangest boat |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/23Fbd5ybr2CFG9BWYYZ7MZh/coracles-the-surprising-history-of-britain-s-strangest-boat |access-date=14 June 2018 |publisher=[[BBC One]] }}</ref> | Many scholars believe that the basket that baby [[Moses]] was [[finding of Moses|cast adrift]] in on the Nile (in [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] 2:3) was in fact a coracle or quffa, based on the similarity of that passage to [[Neo-Assyria]]n legends depicting infants cast adrift on rivers in {{transl|ar|quffas}}.<ref name=Potts>{{Cite book |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4051-8988-0 |last=Potts |first=Daniel T. |title=A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East |date=21 May 2012 }}{{pn|date=January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Coracles: The surprising history of Britain's strangest boat |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/23Fbd5ybr2CFG9BWYYZ7MZh/coracles-the-surprising-history-of-britain-s-strangest-boat |access-date=14 June 2018 |publisher=[[BBC One]] }}</ref> | ||