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{{short description|Indian Politician}} | {{short description|Indian Politician}} | ||
{{More citations needed|date=June 2022}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}} | {{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}} | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
| honorific-prefix = | | honorific-prefix = | ||
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| term_start = 11 August 1947 | | term_start = 11 August 1947 | ||
| term_end = 14 October 1947 | | term_end = 14 October 1947 | ||
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1872|07|08}} | |||
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1972|04|15|1872|07|08}} | |||
| predecessor = [[Ram Chandra Kak]] | | predecessor = [[Ram Chandra Kak]] | ||
| successor = [[Mehr Chand Mahajan]] | | successor = [[Mehr Chand Mahajan]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
''' | '''Major General Janak Singh''' (surname [[Katoch]]) [[Order of the Indian Empire|CIE]], [[Order of British India|OBI]], (7 August 1872 – 15 March 1972) was an officer of the [[Jammu and Kashmir State Forces]] in the princely state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. After retirement, he briefly served as the prime minister of the state during a crucial period in 1947, which was evidently a temporary appointment while the Maharaja looked for a more permanent candidate.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nanda |first=(Lieut. Gen.) K. K |title=Conquering Kashmir : A Pakistani Obsession |publisher=Lancers Books |year=1994 |isbn=978-81-7095-045-5 |location=New Delhi |pages=45 |language=English}}</ref>{{sfn|Das Gupta|1968|pp=87–88}}{{sfn|Jha|1996|p=44}} | ||
{{ | |||
</ref> | |||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
Singh | Janak Singh was from the village of Khaira in the [[Kangra district]], in the present-day state of [[Himachal Pradesh]] in India.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Śarmā |first=Baṃśī Rāma |title=Gods of Himachal Pradesh |last2=(Simla India) |first2=Institute of Integrated Himalayan Studies |publisher=Indus Pub. Co. in association with Institute of Integrated Himalayan Studies, H.P. University, Shimla |year=2007 |isbn=978-81-7387-209-9 |location=New Delhi |pages=105 |language=English}}</ref> | ||
== Military career == | |||
{{expand section|date=May 2022}} | |||
He had won a Military Cross with a unit of the Frontier Force Rifles during World War II in action in Italy. He ultimately retired as a Lt. General in the Indian Army. The other two sons also served in the Indian Army, one in the 5 Gorkha Rifles Brigadier Devendra Singh Katoch, AVSM, and the youngest, Lt. Colonel Rajendra Singh Katoch, followed his father into the J&K State forces, where he was commissioned into the J&K Bodyguard Cavalry. | == Political career == | ||
Singh was army minister in the government of [[Maharaja]] [[Hari Singh]] of Jammu and Kashmir during 1929–1931.{{sfn|Singh|2010|pp=149, 163}} He also served as the revenue minister.{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}} On 11 August 1947 he was brought out of retirement to be the prime minister at a turbulent time on the eve of the independence of India and Pakistan.<ref>Robert. G. Wirsing. India, Pakistan, and the Kashmir Dispute.On Regional conflict and its Resolution. P.33. St Martins Press, New York, 1998</ref> This is deemed to be a temporary appointment while the Maharaja searched for a more permanent replacement.{{sfn|Das Gupta|1968|pp=87–88}}{{sfn|Jha|1996|p=44}}{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=215}} | |||
He steered the [[Standstill agreement (India)|Standstill Agreement]] that Kashmir wanted to sign with India and Pakistan.<ref>Looking Back: The Autobiography of Mehr Chand Mahajan Former Chief Justice of India. Asia Publishing House, New Delhi, 1963, p. 125 & 267</ref> The agreement was not signed by India, and before further deliberations were done Pakistan-assisted raiders had marched into Kashmir state. Janak Singh was replaced by [[Mehr Chand Mahajan]] on 15 October 1947.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bajwa |first=K. S |title=Jammu and Kashmir War, 1947-1948 : Political and Military Perspective |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |year=2003 |isbn=978-81-241-0923-6 |location=New Delhi |pages=77 |language=English}}</ref> On 13 September 1947 Maharaja Hari Singh requested the loan of the services of Lt. Col. [[Kashmir Singh Katoch]] (son of Janak Singh) to act as the military adviser to the Maharaja. This request was granted by the Indian government.{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=215}}{{efn|Lt. Col. Kashmir Singh Katoch was the eldest of the three sons of Janak Singh.}} | |||
== Honours == | |||
{{unreferenced section|date=May 2022}} | |||
Singh had won a Military Cross with a unit of the Frontier Force Rifles during World War II in action in Italy. He ultimately retired as a Lt. General in the Indian Army. The other two sons also served in the Indian Army, one in the 5 Gorkha Rifles, Brigadier Devendra Singh Katoch, AVSM, and the youngest, Lt. Colonel Rajendra Singh Katoch, followed his father into the J&K State forces, where he was commissioned into the J&K Bodyguard Cavalry.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhattacharya |first=Brigadier Samir |title=Nothing But! : Book Three: What Price Freedom |publisher=Partridge Publishing |year=2013 |isbn=9781482816266 |pages=30 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
{{notelist}} | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
==Bibliography== | |||
* {{citation |last=Das Gupta |first=Jyoti Bhusan |title=Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dpTpCAAAQBAJ |date=1968 |publisher=Springer |ISBN=978-94-011-9231-6}} | |||
* {{citation |last=Jha |first=Prem Shankar |authorlink=Prem Shankar Jha |title=Kashmir, 1947: Rival Versions of History |url=https://archive.org/details/kashmir1947rival00jhap |via=archive.org |url-access=registration |year=1996 |publisher=Oxford University Press |ISBN=978-0-19-563766-3}} | |||
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=K. Brahma |title=History of Jammu and Kashmir Rifles, 1820-1956: The State Force Background |publisher=Lancer International |ISBN=978-81-7062-091-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=psTeAAAAMAAJ |year=1990}} | |||
** {{citation |last=Singh |first=K. Brahma |title=History of Jammu and Kashmir Rifles, 1820-1956: The State Force Background |publisher=brahmasingh.co.nf |year=2010 |origyear=first published Lancer International 1990 |ISBN=978-81-7062-091-4 |url=http://www.brahmasingh.co.nf/books/history%20of%20jammu%20and%20kashmir%20rifles.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306195332/http://www.brahmasingh.co.nf/books/history%20of%20jammu%20and%20kashmir%20rifles.pdf |archive-date=6 March 2016 |url-status=dead}} | |||
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}} | }} | ||
{{s-end}} | {{s-end}} | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
Revision as of 11:53, 1 July 2022
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2022) |
Janak Singh | |
|---|---|
| Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir | |
| In office 11 August 1947 – 14 October 1947 | |
| Preceded by | Ram Chandra Kak |
| Succeeded by | Mehr Chand Mahajan |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 8 July 1872 |
| Died | 15 April 1972 (aged 99) |
Major General Janak Singh (surname Katoch) CIE, OBI, (7 August 1872 – 15 March 1972) was an officer of the Jammu and Kashmir State Forces in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. After retirement, he briefly served as the prime minister of the state during a crucial period in 1947, which was evidently a temporary appointment while the Maharaja looked for a more permanent candidate.[1][2][3]
Biography
Janak Singh was from the village of Khaira in the Kangra district, in the present-day state of Himachal Pradesh in India.[4]
Military career
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2022) |
Political career
Singh was army minister in the government of Maharaja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir during 1929–1931.[5] He also served as the revenue minister.[citation needed] On 11 August 1947 he was brought out of retirement to be the prime minister at a turbulent time on the eve of the independence of India and Pakistan.[6] This is deemed to be a temporary appointment while the Maharaja searched for a more permanent replacement.[2][3][7]
He steered the Standstill Agreement that Kashmir wanted to sign with India and Pakistan.[8] The agreement was not signed by India, and before further deliberations were done Pakistan-assisted raiders had marched into Kashmir state. Janak Singh was replaced by Mehr Chand Mahajan on 15 October 1947.[9] On 13 September 1947 Maharaja Hari Singh requested the loan of the services of Lt. Col. Kashmir Singh Katoch (son of Janak Singh) to act as the military adviser to the Maharaja. This request was granted by the Indian government.[7][lower-alpha 1]
Honours
| This section does not cite any sources. (May 2022) |
Singh had won a Military Cross with a unit of the Frontier Force Rifles during World War II in action in Italy. He ultimately retired as a Lt. General in the Indian Army. The other two sons also served in the Indian Army, one in the 5 Gorkha Rifles, Brigadier Devendra Singh Katoch, AVSM, and the youngest, Lt. Colonel Rajendra Singh Katoch, followed his father into the J&K State forces, where he was commissioned into the J&K Bodyguard Cavalry.[10]
Notes
- ↑ Lt. Col. Kashmir Singh Katoch was the eldest of the three sons of Janak Singh.
References
- ↑ Nanda, (Lieut. Gen.) K. K (1994). Conquering Kashmir : A Pakistani Obsession. New Delhi: Lancers Books. p. 45. ISBN 978-81-7095-045-5.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Das Gupta 1968, pp. 87–88.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Jha 1996, p. 44.
- ↑ Śarmā, Baṃśī Rāma; (Simla India), Institute of Integrated Himalayan Studies (2007). Gods of Himachal Pradesh. New Delhi: Indus Pub. Co. in association with Institute of Integrated Himalayan Studies, H.P. University, Shimla. p. 105. ISBN 978-81-7387-209-9.
- ↑ Singh 2010, pp. 149, 163.
- ↑ Robert. G. Wirsing. India, Pakistan, and the Kashmir Dispute.On Regional conflict and its Resolution. P.33. St Martins Press, New York, 1998
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Singh 2010, p. 215.
- ↑ Looking Back: The Autobiography of Mehr Chand Mahajan Former Chief Justice of India. Asia Publishing House, New Delhi, 1963, p. 125 & 267
- ↑ Bajwa, K. S (2003). Jammu and Kashmir War, 1947-1948 : Political and Military Perspective. New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications. p. 77. ISBN 978-81-241-0923-6.
- ↑ Bhattacharya, Brigadier Samir (2013). Nothing But! : Book Three: What Price Freedom. Partridge Publishing. p. 30. ISBN 9781482816266.
Bibliography
- Das Gupta, Jyoti Bhusan (1968), Jammu and Kashmir, Springer, ISBN 978-94-011-9231-6
- Jha, Prem Shankar (1996), Kashmir, 1947: Rival Versions of History, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-563766-3 – via archive.org
- Singh, K. Brahma (1990), History of Jammu and Kashmir Rifles, 1820-1956: The State Force Background, Lancer International, ISBN 978-81-7062-091-4
- Singh, K. Brahma (2010) [first published Lancer International 1990], History of Jammu and Kashmir Rifles, 1820-1956: The State Force Background (PDF), brahmasingh.co.nf, ISBN 978-81-7062-091-4, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2016
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Ram Chandra Kak |
Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir 1947 (August–October) |
Succeeded by Mehr Chand Mahajan |