Eid al-Adha: Difference between revisions

| observedby    = [[Muslim]]s

| significance  = {{Longitem|Commemoration of [[Abraham in Islam|Abraham (Ibrahim)]]'s willingness to sacrifice his son in obedience of a command from [[Allah in Islam|God]]}}

| date2022      = 09 July–13 July<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.infoplease.com/calendar-holidays/major-holidays/islamic-holidays|title=Islamic Holidays, 2010–2030 (A.H. 1431–1452)|website=InfoPlease|access-date=8 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218003408/https://www.infoplease.com/calendar-holidays/major-holidays/islamic-holidays|archive-date=18 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

| date2023      = 28 June–2 July<ref name="inew_When">{{Cite web |title=When Eid al-Adha 2021 falls – and how long the festival lasts |last=Hughes |first=David |work=inews.co.uk |date=18 July 2021 |access-date=18 July 2021 |url= https://inews.co.uk/news/world/eid-al-adha-2021-when-moon-sighting-date-how-long-festival-what-meaning-explained-1002113}}</ref>

'''Eid al-Adha''' ({{Lang-ar|عيد الأضحى|translit=ʿĪd al-ʾAḍḥā|lit=Holiday of the Sacrifice}} ,Farsi: عید قربان) is the second and biggest of the two main [[Islamic holidays|holidays]] celebrated in [[Islam]] (the other being [[Eid al-Fitr]]). It honors the willingness of [[Abraham in Islam|Ibrahim]] (Abraham) to [[human sacrifice|sacrifice]] his son [[Ishmael in Islam|Ismail]] (Ishmael) as an act of obedience to [[God in Islam|Allah's]] command. Before Ibrahim could sacrifice his son, however, Allah provided him with a lamb which he was supposed to kill in his son's place because of his willingness to sacrifice his own son in the name of God. In commemoration of this intervention, animals are ritually slaughtered. Part of their meat is consumed by the family which offers the animal, while the rest of the meat is distributed to the poor and the needy. Sweets and gifts are given, and extended family members are typically visited and welcomed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Id al-Adha |url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e969|access-date=2020-07-11 |publisher=Oxford Islamic Studies Online}}</ref> The day is also sometimes called the Greater Eid.<ref name="Metro2020-07-31-01a">{{cite web|last1=Haigh|first1=Phil|date=31 July 2020|title=What is the story of Eid al-Adha and why is it referred to as Big Eid?|url=https://metro.co.uk/2018/08/21/why-eid-ul-adha-referred-big-eid-7865194/|access-date=25 April 2021|website=Metro|language=en|quote=Simply, Eid al-Adha is considered the holier of the two religious holidays and so it is referred to as 'Big Eid' whilst Eid al Fitr can be known as 'Lesser Eid'. Eid al-Kabir means 'Greater Eid' and is used in Yemen, Syria, and North Africa, whilst other translations of 'Large Eid' are used in Pashto, Kashmiri, Urdu and Hindi. This distinction is also known in the Arab world, but by calling 'Bari Eid' bari, this Eid is already disadvantaged. It is the 'other Eid'. 'Bari Eid', or Eid-ul-Azha, has the advantage of having two major rituals, as both have the prayer, but it alone has a sacrifice. 'Bari Eid' brings all Muslims together in celebrating Hajj, which is itself a reminder of the Abrahamic sacrifice, while 'Choti Eid' commemorates solely the end of the fasting of Ramazan.}}</ref>

One of the main trials of Ibrahim's life was to face the command of Allah by killing his beloved son. According to the new narrative, Ibrahim kept having nightmares that he was sacrificing his son [[Ismail]] son of [[Hagar in Islam|Hajar]]. Ibrahim knew that this was a command from Allah and he told his son, as stated in the Quran "Oh son, I keep dreaming that I am slaughtering you", Ismail replied "Father, do what you are ordered to do." Ibrahim prepared to submit to the will of Allah and prepare to slaughter his son as an act of faith and obedience to Allah.<ref name="Bate">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/anexaminationcl00bategoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/anexaminationcl00bategoog/page/n40 2]|quote=Ishmael sacrifice.|title=An Examination of the Claims of Ismail as Viewed by Muḥammadans|year=1884|last1=Bate|first1=John Drew|publisher=BiblioBazaar|isbn=978-1117148366|access-date=27 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206073851/https://archive.org/details/anexaminationcl00bategoog|archive-date=6 February 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> During the preparation, [[Devil (Islam)|Shaytaan]] tempted Ibrahim and his family by trying to dissuade them from carrying out Allah's commandment, and Ibrahim drove Satan away by throwing pebbles at him. In commemoration of their rejection of Satan, stones are thrown at symbolic pillars ,symbolising the place where Satan tried to dissuade Ibrahim, during Hajj rites.<ref name="SUNY">{{cite book |last1=Firestone |first1=Reuven |title=Journeys in Holy Lands: The Evolution of the -Ishmael Legends in Islamic Exegesis |date=1990 |publisher=SUNY Press |page=98 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O69zjVnjL10C&q=Ishmael+sacrifice&pg=PA105|isbn=978-0791403310 }}</ref>

{{Blockquote|1=<poem>100 My Lord! Bless me with righteous offspring.”

101 So We gave him good news of a forbearing son.

102 Then when the boy reached the age to work with him, Abraham said, “O my dear son! I have seen in a dream that I ˹must˺ sacrifice you. So tell me what you think.” He replied, “O my dear father! Do as you are commanded. Allah willing, you will find me steadfast.”

103 Then when they submitted ˹to Allah’s Will˺, and Abraham laid him on the side of his forehead ˹for sacrifice˺,

104 We called out to him, “O Abraham!

105 You have already fulfilled the vision.” Indeed, this is how We reward the good-doers.

106 That was truly a revealing test.

107 And We ransomed his son with a great sacrifice,

108 and blessed Abraham ˹with honourable mention˺ among later generations:

109 “Peace be upon Abraham.”

110 This is how We reward the good-doers.

111 He was truly one of Our faithful servants.

112 We ˹later˺ gave him good news of Isaac—a prophet, and one of the righteous.</poem>|2={{qref|37|100-112|c=y}} }}

The word "Eid" appears once in [[Al-Ma'ida]], the fifth surah of the Quran, with the meaning "a festival or a feast".<ref>{{qref|5|114|b=y|t=c}}— Jesus, son of Mary, prayed, “O Allah, our Lord! Send us from heaven a table spread with food as a feast for us—the first and last of us—and as a sign from You. Provide for us! You are indeed the Best Provider.”

{{qref|5|114|b=y|t=si}}— Said Jesus, the son of Mary, "O Allāh, our Lord, send down to us a table [spread with food] from the heaven to be for us a festival for the first of us and the last of us and a sign from You. And provide for us, and You are the best of providers."</ref>

At the conclusion of the prayers and sermon, Muslims embrace and exchange greetings with one another (''[[Eid Mubarak]]''), give gifts and visit one another. Many Muslims also take this opportunity to invite their friends, neighbours, co-workers and classmates to their Eid festivities to better acquaint them about Islam and Muslim culture.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isna.net/Islam/pages/The-Significance-of-Eid.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126043633/http://www.isna.net/Islam/pages/The-Significance-of-Eid.aspx |archive-date= 26 January 2013 |title=The Significance of Eid |publisher=Isna.net |access-date=28 December 2011}}</ref>[[File:Eid mubarak 2022885.png|thumb|Wishes of Eid]]

The following list shows the official dates of Eid al-Adha for Saudi Arabia as announced by the [[Supreme Judicial Council of Saudi Arabia|Supreme Judicial Council]]. Future dates are estimated according to the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia.<ref name="ummalqura" /> The Umm al-Qura calendar is just a guide for planning purposes and not the absolute determinant or fixer of dates. Confirmations of actual dates by moon sighting are applied on the 29th day of the lunar month prior to Dhu al-Hijjah<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/eid-al-adha-2016-holiday-day-160814084340209.html|title=Eid al-Adha 2016 date is expected to be on September 11|publisher=Al Jazeera|access-date=14 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814174432/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/eid-al-adha-2016-holiday-day-160814084340209.html|archive-date=14 August 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> to announce the specific dates for both Hajj rituals and the subsequent Eid festival. The three days after the listed date are also part of the festival. The time before the listed date the pilgrims visit Mount Arafat and descend from it after sunrise of the listed day.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mount Ararat {{!}} Location, Elevation, & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Mount-Ararat|access-date=2020-08-01|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref>

| 1403||17 September 1983

| 1404||{{0}}5 September 1984

| 1405||26 August 1985

| 1406||15 August 1986

| 1407||{{0}}4 August 1987

| 1408||23 July 1988

| 1409||13 July 1989

| 1410||{{0}}2 July 1990

| 1411||22 June 1991

| 1412||11 June 1992

| 1413||31 May 1993

| 1449||23 April 2029 (calculated)

| 1458||16 January 2038 (calculated)