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The '''Greater Chennai Corporation''',<ref name="Greater Chennai Corporation">{{cite news|title= Chennai Corporation to be Greater Chennai Corporation now |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Chennai-Corporation-to-be-Greater-Chennai-now/articleshow/50784400.cms|first=Julie|last=Mariappan|date=30 January 2016|work=[[The Times of India]]|location=Chennai|access-date=2016-01-30}}</ref> formerly known as the '''Corporation of Madras''' (1668-1996) and '''Corporation of Chennai''' (1996-2016), is the civic body that governs the city of [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. Inaugurated on 29 September 1688, under a Royal Charter issued by [[James II of England|King James II]] on 30 December 1687 as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]] outside [[Great Britain]].<ref name="320yrs">{{cite news|title= Chennai Corporation to celebrate 320 years |url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/09/23/stories/2008092357680100.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923115809/http://www.hindu.com/2008/09/23/stories/2008092357680100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 September 2008|first=Kannal|last=Achutan|date=23 September 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai|access-date=2012-09-01}}</ref> It is among the oldest municipalities in Asia after Daman Municipality, which was established in 1588.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dmcdaman.in/history.php |title = Daman Municipal Council}}</ref> It is the largest municipal corporation is Tamil Nadu with an area of 426 km<sup>2</sup>. It is headed by a [[mayor]], who presides over 200 [[councillor]]s each of whom represents one of the [[List of Chennai Corporation wards|200 wards of the city]].<ref>http://www.chennaicorporation.gov.in/images/wards_{{Not a typo|comm|itee}}.pdf</ref> It is the second oldest city civic body in the world after the [[City of London]].<ref name="325yrs">{{cite news|title= Chennai - the 2nd oldest Corporation in the world|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/chennai-the-2nd-oldest-corporation-in-the-world/article5180124.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai}}</ref> | The '''Greater Chennai Corporation''',<ref name="Greater Chennai Corporation">{{cite news|title= Chennai Corporation to be Greater Chennai Corporation now |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Chennai-Corporation-to-be-Greater-Chennai-now/articleshow/50784400.cms|first=Julie|last=Mariappan|date=30 January 2016|work=[[The Times of India]]|location=Chennai|access-date=2016-01-30}}</ref> formerly known as the '''Corporation of Madras''' (1668-1996) and '''Corporation of Chennai''' (1996-2016), is the civic body that governs the city of [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. Inaugurated on 29 September 1688, under a Royal Charter issued by [[James II of England|King James II]] on 30 December 1687 as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]] outside [[Great Britain]].<ref name="320yrs">{{cite news|title= Chennai Corporation to celebrate 320 years |url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/09/23/stories/2008092357680100.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923115809/http://www.hindu.com/2008/09/23/stories/2008092357680100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 September 2008|first=Kannal|last=Achutan|date=23 September 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai|access-date=2012-09-01}}</ref> It is among the oldest municipalities in Asia after Daman Municipality, which was established in 1588.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dmcdaman.in/history.php |title = Daman Municipal Council}}</ref> It is the largest municipal corporation is Tamil Nadu with an area of 426 km<sup>2</sup>. It is headed by a [[mayor]], who presides over 200 [[councillor]]s each of whom represents one of the [[List of Chennai Corporation wards|200 wards of the city]].<ref>http://www.chennaicorporation.gov.in/images/wards_{{Not a typo|comm|itee}}.pdf</ref> It is the second oldest city civic body in the world after the [[City of London]].<ref name="325yrs">{{cite news|title= Chennai - the 2nd oldest Corporation in the world|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/chennai-the-2nd-oldest-corporation-in-the-world/article5180124.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai}}</ref> | ||
==History== | |||
The Madras Corporation is the oldest [[municipal]] body of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]] outside the [[United Kingdom]]. It was formed in 1688 to control the powers of the Governor of Madras, [[Elihu Yale]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040128034716/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/04/02/stories/2003040200100300.htm The First Corporation - ''The Hindu'', 2 April 2003]</ref> The corporation was created by a Royal Charter issued on 30 December 1687 by [[James II of England|King James II]] on the advice of the chairman of the [[East India Company]], [[Sir Josiah Child|Josiah Child]], on the model of Dutch Government in the East Indies.<ref name="AboutCC">{{cite web | title = About Corporation of Chennai | publisher = Corporation of Chennai | url = http://www.chennaicorporation.gov.in/about-chennai-corporation/aboutCOC.htm | access-date = 9 December 2012}}</ref> The charter constituted the existing town of Fort St. George and all the territories belonging to the town, not exceeding a distance of ten miles from the Fort, into a Corporation. The Parliamentary Act of 1792 conferred the new Corporation power to levy municipal taxes in the city. The municipal administration also commenced from this act, making provision for the administration of the city. The Municipal Act continued to be amended, constantly introducing major changes in the constitution and powers of the corporation from time to time.<ref name="AboutCC"/> | |||
Prior to the establishments of the corporation, the [[Governors of Madras|Governor of Madras]] or the company's agent managed the affairs of the [[Fort St. George (India)|Fort St George]] and its residents with the assistance of a headman, an accountant, and the head of watch and ward. The Governor sat as Madras's [[Justice of the Peace]]. Taxes were introduced by Governor [[Streynsham Master]] (1678–1681). Complications arising out of these impositions and the growing expenses of an expanding town led to Sir Josiah drawing up plans for a more formal body of civic administration. The corporation was inaugurated on 29 September 1688 with power to decide on petty cases, levy rates upon the inhabitants for building of schools, a town hall and a jail, when the new Mayor, 12 Aldermen and 60 Burgesses took their oaths.<ref name="AboutCC"/> The first members of the corporation were representatives from diverse ethnicities. Nathaniel Higginson was the first Mayor, and he appointed representatives from the English, Scottish, French, Portuguese, and Indian mercantile communities as Aldermen. The post of the Mayor was held for one year at a time, the Mayor being elected by the Aldermen, whose term of office was for life. | |||
By 1856, the duties of the Corporation became more clearly defined. In 1919, the Aldermen were re-styled as 'Councillors'. The title of 'Mayor' had been replaced by 'President', and P. Theagaraya Chetty was nominated as president, the first Indian to be so chosen. However, the office of Mayor was re-created in 1933, when Kumararajah [[M. A. Muthiah Chettiar]] made the transition from last President to first new Mayor. The mayoralty has remained thereafter. | |||
By 1901, the corporation had grown to encompass an area of 68 sq km comprising 30 territorial divisions with a population of 540,000.<ref name="CC_HealthInfrastructure">{{cite web | |||
| title = Bus Route Roads | |||
| publisher = Corporation of Chennai | |||
| url = http://www.chennaicorporation.gov.in/departments/roads/index.htm | |||
| access-date = 16 December 2012}}</ref> In 1913, the Corporation moved to the newly constructed [[Ripon Building]], which was built on parts of the People's Park. The building was named after [[George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon|Lord Ripon]] who, as [[Viceroy of India]] from 1880 to 1884, had introduced local government reforms. He is remembered in a statue in the Corporation precincts. The first native Indian to both govern the [[Madras Presidency]] and later serve as Mayor of erstwhile [[Madras]] was the Honourable [[K. Sriramulu Naidu]], who served during the 1930s and 1940s. In 1978, the boundaries of the area administrated by the corporation was increased to 174 sq km.<ref name="CC_HealthInfrastructure"/> | |||
The Madras Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 (as amended) provides the basic statutory authority for the administration now.<ref name="AboutCC"/> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 12:01, 21 February 2022
Greater Chennai Corporation | |
|---|---|
| Logo Coat of Arms Greater Chennai Corporation | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| History | |
| Founded | 29 September 1688 |
| Leadership | |
Office suspended since October 2016 due to postponed elections | |
Office suspended since October 2016 due to postponed elections | |
Gagandeep Singh Bedi, IAS | |
J. Vijaya Rani, IAS | |
| Seats | 200 |
| Meeting place | |
 | |
| Ripon Building | |
| Website | |
| chennaicorporation | |
The Greater Chennai Corporation,[1] formerly known as the Corporation of Madras (1668-1996) and Corporation of Chennai (1996-2016), is the civic body that governs the city of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Inaugurated on 29 September 1688, under a Royal Charter issued by King James II on 30 December 1687 as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the Commonwealth of Nations outside Great Britain.[2] It is among the oldest municipalities in Asia after Daman Municipality, which was established in 1588.[3] It is the largest municipal corporation is Tamil Nadu with an area of 426 km2. It is headed by a mayor, who presides over 200 councillors each of whom represents one of the 200 wards of the city.[4] It is the second oldest city civic body in the world after the City of London.[5]
History
The Madras Corporation is the oldest municipal body of the Commonwealth of Nations outside the United Kingdom. It was formed in 1688 to control the powers of the Governor of Madras, Elihu Yale.[6] The corporation was created by a Royal Charter issued on 30 December 1687 by King James II on the advice of the chairman of the East India Company, Josiah Child, on the model of Dutch Government in the East Indies.[7] The charter constituted the existing town of Fort St. George and all the territories belonging to the town, not exceeding a distance of ten miles from the Fort, into a Corporation. The Parliamentary Act of 1792 conferred the new Corporation power to levy municipal taxes in the city. The municipal administration also commenced from this act, making provision for the administration of the city. The Municipal Act continued to be amended, constantly introducing major changes in the constitution and powers of the corporation from time to time.[7]
Prior to the establishments of the corporation, the Governor of Madras or the company's agent managed the affairs of the Fort St George and its residents with the assistance of a headman, an accountant, and the head of watch and ward. The Governor sat as Madras's Justice of the Peace. Taxes were introduced by Governor Streynsham Master (1678–1681). Complications arising out of these impositions and the growing expenses of an expanding town led to Sir Josiah drawing up plans for a more formal body of civic administration. The corporation was inaugurated on 29 September 1688 with power to decide on petty cases, levy rates upon the inhabitants for building of schools, a town hall and a jail, when the new Mayor, 12 Aldermen and 60 Burgesses took their oaths.[7] The first members of the corporation were representatives from diverse ethnicities. Nathaniel Higginson was the first Mayor, and he appointed representatives from the English, Scottish, French, Portuguese, and Indian mercantile communities as Aldermen. The post of the Mayor was held for one year at a time, the Mayor being elected by the Aldermen, whose term of office was for life.
By 1856, the duties of the Corporation became more clearly defined. In 1919, the Aldermen were re-styled as 'Councillors'. The title of 'Mayor' had been replaced by 'President', and P. Theagaraya Chetty was nominated as president, the first Indian to be so chosen. However, the office of Mayor was re-created in 1933, when Kumararajah M. A. Muthiah Chettiar made the transition from last President to first new Mayor. The mayoralty has remained thereafter.
By 1901, the corporation had grown to encompass an area of 68 sq km comprising 30 territorial divisions with a population of 540,000.[8] In 1913, the Corporation moved to the newly constructed Ripon Building, which was built on parts of the People's Park. The building was named after Lord Ripon who, as Viceroy of India from 1880 to 1884, had introduced local government reforms. He is remembered in a statue in the Corporation precincts. The first native Indian to both govern the Madras Presidency and later serve as Mayor of erstwhile Madras was the Honourable K. Sriramulu Naidu, who served during the 1930s and 1940s. In 1978, the boundaries of the area administrated by the corporation was increased to 174 sq km.[8]
The Madras Municipal Corporation Act, 1919 (as amended) provides the basic statutory authority for the administration now.[7]
References
- ↑ Mariappan, Julie (30 January 2016). "Chennai Corporation to be Greater Chennai Corporation now". The Times of India. Chennai. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ↑ Achutan, Kannal (23 September 2008). "Chennai Corporation to celebrate 320 years". The Hindu. Chennai. Archived from the original on 23 September 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
- ↑ "Daman Municipal Council".
- ↑ http://www.chennaicorporation.gov.in/images/wards_commitee.pdf
- ↑ "Chennai - the 2nd oldest Corporation in the world". The Hindu. Chennai.
- ↑ The First Corporation - The Hindu, 2 April 2003
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "About Corporation of Chennai". Corporation of Chennai. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Bus Route Roads". Corporation of Chennai. Retrieved 16 December 2012.