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'''Sir Guy Reginald Archer Gaunt''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|KCMG|CB}}, (25 May 1869 – 18 May 1953)<ref name="adb"/> was an Australian-born officer of the [[Royal Navy]], counter-intelligence officer and a British [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] politician. | [[Admiral]] '''Sir Guy Reginald Archer Gaunt''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|KCMG|CB}}, (25 May 1869 – 18 May 1953)<ref name="adb"/> was an Australian-born officer of the [[Royal Navy]], counter-intelligence officer and a British [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] politician. | ||
Gaunt was born in [[Ballarat]], Australia, to William Henry Gaunt and his wife Elizabeth Mary Palmer. Gaunt's brother-in-law was [[Alexander Palmer (Australian politician)|Alexander Stenson Palmer]] (banker and M.P. for Victoria). Gaunt's brother [[Ernest Gaunt]] was also an admiral. Their sister, [[Mary Gaunt]], was a well-known author in Australia and wrote several travel books. Guy was educated at [[Melbourne Grammar School]] from 1881 to 1883.<ref name="adb"/> | Gaunt was born in [[Ballarat]], Australia, to William Henry Gaunt and his wife Elizabeth Mary Palmer. Gaunt's brother-in-law was [[Alexander Palmer (Australian politician)|Alexander Stenson Palmer]] (banker and M.P. for Victoria). Gaunt's brother [[Ernest Gaunt]] was also an admiral. Their sister, [[Mary Gaunt]], was a well-known author in Australia and wrote several travel books. Guy was educated at [[Melbourne Grammar School]] from 1881 to 1883.<ref name="adb"/> | ||
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Gaunt's parents wanted him to become a lawyer, but he chose to go to sea. He began training for the [[merchant navy]], but transferred to the [[Royal Navy]] in 1885. | Gaunt's parents wanted him to become a lawyer, but he chose to go to sea. He began training for the [[merchant navy]], but transferred to the [[Royal Navy]] in 1885. | ||
Gaunt served as a lieutenant on several vessels in the Pacific Ocean, and was promoted to the rank of [[Commander]] in 1901. He became a [[Captain (Royal Navy)| | Gaunt served as a lieutenant on several vessels in the Pacific Ocean, and was promoted to the rank of [[Commander]] in 1901. He became a [[Captain (Royal Navy)|captain]] in 1907, commanding a series of [[cruisers]] and the [[battleships]] {{HMS|Majestic|1895|6}} and {{HMS|Thunderer|1911|6}}. He saw action in the Philippines in 1897 and Samoa in 1901.<ref name="adb"> | ||
{{Australian Dictionary of Biography | {{Australian Dictionary of Biography | ||
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|id2=gaunt-sir-guy-reginald-archer-6372 | |id2=gaunt-sir-guy-reginald-archer-6372 | ||
|title=Gaunt, Sir Guy Reginald Archer ( | |title=Gaunt, Sir Guy Reginald Archer (1869–1953) | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
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}}</ref> and in June was appointed to the naval intelligence staff at the Admiralty. | }}</ref> and in June was appointed to the naval intelligence staff at the Admiralty. | ||
Gaunt was promoted on the retired list to rear admiral in October 1918,<ref name="adb"/> vice admiral in July 1924 and [[Admiral (United Kingdom)| | Gaunt was promoted on the retired list to rear admiral in October 1918,<ref name="adb"/> vice admiral in July 1924 and [[Admiral (United Kingdom)|admiral]] in February 1928. He was knighted as {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCMG}} in 1918. | ||
==Political career== | ==Political career== | ||
Gaunt first stood as a candidate for parliament at the 1918 general election. He was the [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] candidate for | Gaunt first stood as a candidate for parliament at the 1918 general election. He was the [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] candidate for [[Leek (UK Parliament constituency)|Leek]] and despite receiving the [[Coalition Coupon]], he was unable to hold the seat.<ref>Debrett's House of Commons, 1922</ref> Gaunt was elected as [[Unionist Party (UK)|Unionist]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for the [[Buckrose (UK Parliament constituency)|Buckrose constituency]] in the [[East Riding of Yorkshire]] at the [[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922 general election]], replacing the Liberal [[Algernon Moreing]]. | ||
Gaunt resigned from the [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]] in 1926, when he was cited as [[co-respondent]] in the divorce case between Sir Richard Cruise and his wife. | Gaunt resigned from the [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]] in 1926, when he was cited as [[co-respondent]] in the divorce case between Sir Richard Cruise and his wife. | ||
Revision as of 08:43, 30 September 2021
Reginald Archer Gaunt | |
|---|---|
| Born | 25 May 1870 Ballarat, Australia |
| Died | Woking, Surrey, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Known for | Admiral |
| Political party | Conservative Party |
| Spouse(s) | (1) Margaret Elizabeth Worthington m.1904, daughter of Sir Thomas Wardle, divorced 1927. (2) Sybil Victoria Joseph, née Grant White m.1935 |
| Children | 2 daughters from second marriage |
| Parent(s) | William Henry Gaunt and his wife Elizabeth Mary |
| Relatives | Ernest Gaunt, Mary Elizabeth Bakewell Gaunt |
| Awards | KCMG CB |
Admiral Sir Guy Reginald Archer Gaunt, KCMG CB, (25 May 1869 – 18 May 1953)[1] was an Australian-born officer of the Royal Navy, counter-intelligence officer and a British Conservative Party politician.
Gaunt was born in Ballarat, Australia, to William Henry Gaunt and his wife Elizabeth Mary Palmer. Gaunt's brother-in-law was Alexander Stenson Palmer (banker and M.P. for Victoria). Gaunt's brother Ernest Gaunt was also an admiral. Their sister, Mary Gaunt, was a well-known author in Australia and wrote several travel books. Guy was educated at Melbourne Grammar School from 1881 to 1883.[1]
Gaunt's parents wanted him to become a lawyer, but he chose to go to sea. He began training for the merchant navy, but transferred to the Royal Navy in 1885.
Gaunt served as a lieutenant on several vessels in the Pacific Ocean, and was promoted to the rank of Commander in 1901. He became a captain in 1907, commanding a series of cruisers and the battleships HMS Majestic and HMS Thunderer. He saw action in the Philippines in 1897 and Samoa in 1901.[1]
In 1914 Gaunt was appointed naval attaché to the United States,[1] and was instrumental in infiltrating the Hindu–German Conspiracy during the First World War. Gaunt headed the intelligence network operated by Courtenay Bennett's intelligence and liaised with the Czech intelligence network operated by E. V. Voska. On learning of the plot from the Czech European network at the outbreak of the war, Voska passed on the information to Gaunt and to Tomáš Masaryk who further passed on the information the American authorities.[2][3][4][5] Voska's American network was a counter-espionage network of nearly 80 members who, as Habsburg subjects, were presumed to be German supporters but were involved in spying on German and Austrian diplomats.
When the U.S. entered the war in 1917, Gaunt was appointed as liaison officer. In 1918 he served on convoys across the Atlantic[6] and in June was appointed to the naval intelligence staff at the Admiralty.
Gaunt was promoted on the retired list to rear admiral in October 1918,[1] vice admiral in July 1924 and admiral in February 1928. He was knighted as KCMG in 1918.
Political career
Gaunt first stood as a candidate for parliament at the 1918 general election. He was the Liberal candidate for Leek and despite receiving the Coalition Coupon, he was unable to hold the seat.[7] Gaunt was elected as Unionist Member of Parliament (MP) for the Buckrose constituency in the East Riding of Yorkshire at the 1922 general election, replacing the Liberal Algernon Moreing.
Gaunt resigned from the House of Commons in 1926, when he was cited as co-respondent in the divorce case between Sir Richard Cruise and his wife.
Family
Gaunt married a widow, Mrs Margaret Elizabeth Worthington (daughter of Sir Thomas Wardle) at Hong Kong in 1904.[1] She divorced him in 1927 following the scandal with Lady Cruise, and he retired to Tangier. He later remarried on 1 December 1932 a 35-year-old widow, Sybil Victoria Joseph, née Grant White and had two daughters. He returned to live in Cobham, Surrey and died at Woking Hospital on 18 May 1953 and was cremated.[1]
Gaunt's autobiography, The Yield of the Years, was published in 1940. His brother Ernest Gaunt was also an Admiral of the Royal Navy; his sister, Mary Gaunt, was a novelist.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Template:Australian Dictionary of Biography
- ↑ Popplewell 1995, p. 237
- ↑ Masaryk 1970, p. 50,221,242
- ↑ Voska & Irwin 1940, p. 98,108,120,122,123
- ↑ Bose 1971, p. 233,233
- ↑ "Dine Commodore Gaunt.; His India House Friends Bid Farewell to Departing Naval Attache". The New York Times. 27 March 1918. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
- ↑ Debrett's House of Commons, 1922
- Bose, A.C (1971), Indian Revolutionaries Abroad, 1905-1927, Patna:Bharati Bhawan., ISBN 81-7211-123-1.
- Masaryk, T (1970), Making of a State, Howard Fertig, ISBN 0-685-09575-4.
- Popplewell, Richard J (1995), Intelligence and Imperial Defence: British Intelligence and the Defence of the Indian Empire 1904-1924., Routledge, ISBN 0-7146-4580-X.
- Voska, E.V; Irwin, W (1940), Spy and Counterspy, New York. Doubleday, Doran & Co.
External links
- Template:DP-xlink
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Guy Gaunt
| Unrecognised parameter | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Algernon Moreing |
Member of Parliament for Buckrose 1922–1926 |
Succeeded by Albert Braithwaite |
| Background |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Ghadar | ||
| Berlin Committee | ||
| Indian figures | ||
| German figures | ||
| Conspiracy | ||
| Counter-intelligence | ||
| Related topics | ||