Jagmohan: Difference between revisions

{{sources|date=April 2015}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}

| image              = Jagmohan.jpg

| successor2          = [[P. G. Gavai]]

| predecessor3        = [[Dalip Rai Kohli]]

| predecessor4        = [[P. S. Gill]]

| death_date          = {{Death date and age|2021|05|03|1927|09|25|df=y}}{{fact|date=May 2021}}

'''Jagmohan Malhotra''' (25 September 1927 – 3{{fact|date=May 2021}} May 2021), known by the mononym '''Jagmohan''', was an Indian civil servant and politician. After working with the [[Indian National Congress]] party, he joined the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. He served as [[Lieutenant Governor (India)|Lieutenant Governor]] of Delhi and Goa, as the [[List of governors of Jammu and Kashmir|5th]] [[Governor (India)|Governor]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], and for three terms as [[Member of parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] for New Delhi. In the cabinet, he served as Union Minister for [[Ministry of Urban Development (India)|Urban Development]] and [[Ministry of Tourism (India)|Tourism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indian-elections.com/keycontenders/jag-mohan.html|title=Jag Mohan, Key Contenders for India Election 2004|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040620140233/http://www.indian-elections.com/keycontenders/jag-mohan.html|archive-date=20 June 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Jagmohan Malhotra was born in a Punjabi Hindu Khatri family to Amir Chand and Dropadi Devi on 25 September 1927 in [[Hafizabad]], [[British Raj|British India]].<ref>{{cite web |title=13th Lok Sabha- Member's Profile |url=http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/memberbioprofile.aspx?mpsno=158&lastls=13 |website=Parliament of India |access-date=20 March 2020}}</ref> He got married in 1957 to Uma, who came to be known as Uma Jagmohan.

Jagmohan admired Georges-Eugene Haussmann. <ref>Ramchandra Guha, India After Gandhi</ref>Jagmohan first gained notoriety during his stint as vice-chairman of the [[Delhi Development Authority]] in the mid 1970s. During this time he grew close to [[Sanjay Gandhi]], who began to wield increasing clout in the functioning of his mother Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]]'s government. During [[the Emergency (India)|the Emergency]] (1975–77), Sanjay Gandhi entrusted Jagmohan with the "beautification" of Delhi, a task that involved [[Turkman gate demolition and rioting|large-scale demolition of slums]]. These beautification drives disproportionately affected Muslims, traditionally Congress-party voters, whose disenchantment contributed to Indira Gandhi's defeat in the [[1977 Indian general election|1977 general election]].<ref>"[http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/4_24.pdf Slum demolitions in Delhi since the 1990s: An Appraisal]" by Veronique Dupont, EPW, 12 July 2008, pages 84–85.</ref> Despite this Jagmohan, already a [[Padma Shri]] since 1971, was awarded the [[Padma Bhushan]] in 1977.

In 1982, as Delhi hosted the [[1982 Asian Games|Asian Games]], Jagmohan was serving his second term as [[List of lieutenant governors of Delhi|Lieutenant Governor]] of the city. The games were a success and he was credited with his capable administration of the city at the time. Later Delhi hosted the [[Non-Aligned Summit]], which was also a success. He was considered a profound patriot, visionary civil servant and great leader. His contribution to nation integration is indelible.

Jagmohan was one of the founders of the Samkalp ias academy, Rk puram, New Delhi which provides civil services examination coaching to poor and marginal students along with accommodation and other facilities. He wrote "My Frozen Turbulence in Kashmir", a highly fascinating book which analyses, in the perspective of history the tumultuous events of the author's two terms of governorship of the most sensitive and strategic Indian State of Jammu & Kashmir.

==Electoral History==

During his tenure as [[Governor of Jammu and Kashmir]] (1984–89), separatist militancy in the state was at its peak. Pakistan's prime minister [[Benazir Bhutto]] in a series of speeches notoriously threatened to make him "Bhagmohan" (''Bhag'' meaning "run", implying he would flee out of fear), and that "Ham us ko jag jag mo mo han han bana denge" (transl.''"We will make him JagJag Mo Mo Han Han"'', implying he would be cut/torn to pieces by militants).<ref name="Chitkara1996">{{citation|last=Chitkara|first=M. G.|title=Benazir, a Profile|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LCaAQCnO3QQC&pg=PA85|year=1996|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7024-752-4|pages=85–}}</ref><ref name="Jagmohan2006">{{citation|author=Jagmohan|title=My Frozen Turbulence in Kashmir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWjLtfi-ssIC&pg=PA575|year=2006|publisher=Allied Publishers|edition=7th|isbn=978-81-7764-995-6|pages=575–}}</ref><ref name="Singh1995">{{citation|last=Singh|first=Tavleen|title=Kashmir: a tragedy of errors|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7FpuAAAAMAAJ|year=1995|publisher=Viking|pages=137–138|isbn=9780670865598}}</ref> In Jammu and Kashmir, Jagmohan is credited with bringing order to one of the most revered shrines of Hindus, called Mata [[Vaishno Devi]]. He created a board that continues to provide administration for the shrine. Infrastructure was developed and that continues to facilitate pilgrims. However, allegations persist that he was involved in extra-legal crackdowns in Kashmir engineered by [[Mufti Mohammad Sayeed]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/mufti-and-jagmohan-ordered-massacres-in-j&k-in-the-90s-omar-abdullah/1/188759.html|title=Mufti and Jagmohan ordered massacres in J&K in the 90s: Omar Abdullah|work=India Today|access-date=9 June 2017}}</ref> In 1989, when militancy re-exploded in Kashmir, Jagmohan was appointed its governor by Prime Minister [[V. P. Singh]]'s government. Till then Jagmohan had enjoyed the confidence of Congress, including Indira Gandhi's other son [[Rajiv Gandhi]]. However, he fell out with them due to different views on Jammu and Kashmir, and joined their rivals, the BJP.

== Awards and Honors ==

Jagmohan Malhotra died in Delhi on 3 May 2021 at the age of 93.<ref name="death">{{Cite news|url=https://thechenabtimes.com/2021/05/04/former-j-ks-governor-jagmohan-passes-away-at-93/|title=FORMER J-K’S GOVERNOR JAGMOHAN PASSES AWAY AT 93|date=4 May 2021|publisher=The Chenab Times|access-date=4 May 2021}}</ref>

* 1984–89: Governor, Jammu and Kashmir (two times) <ref>{{cite web|url=http://jklegislativeassembly.nic.in/Governor/Sh%20Jagmohan.pdf|title=http://jklegislativeassembly.nic.in/Governor/Sh%20Jagmohan.pdf}}</ref>

{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1970–79}}

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