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{{use Indian English|date=November 2016}} | {{use Indian English|date=November 2016}} | ||
{{Infobox royalty | {{Infobox royalty | ||
| reign = | | reign = 862 — 879 CE | ||
| coronation = | | coronation = 862 CE | ||
| full name = | | full name = | ||
| predecessor = | | predecessor = | ||
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| birth_date = | | birth_date = | ||
| birth_place = | | birth_place = | ||
| death_date = | | death_date = 879 CE | ||
| death_place = | | death_place = | ||
| date of burial = | | date of burial = | ||
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|name=Varaguna II}} | |name=Varaguna II}} | ||
{{Pandyan}} | {{Pandyan}} | ||
'''Varagunavarman II''', also described as '''Varaguna II,''' was a king of the [[Pandyan Dynasty|Pandya dynasty]] in south India whose reign lasted from c. 862 until c. | '''Varagunavarman II''', also described as '''Varaguna II,''' was a king of the [[Pandyan Dynasty|Pandya dynasty]] in south India whose reign lasted from c. 862 until c. 879 CE.<ref>Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar.'' Madras, Oxford University Press. 165.</ref> Varaguna II was famously defeated by a contingent of troops led by [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava]] king [[Aparajita Varman|Aparajita]] around 879 CE.<ref name=":3" /> | ||
== Background == | == Background == | ||
[[Srimara Srivallabha]] (r. c. 815—862 AD), the | [[Srimara Srivallabha]] (r. c. 815—862 AD), the predecessor of Varaguna II, was defeated by the [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava]] king [[Nripatunga]] (the battle of Arisil).<ref name=":0">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar.'' Madras, Oxford University Press. 153-54.</ref> Madurai was then [[Anuradhapura invasion of Pandya|sacked by the forces]] of the [[Sri Lanka|Lankan]] ruler Sena II.<ref name=":1">Noburu Karashima (ed.), ''A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations.'' New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014. 88-89.</ref> Maya Pandya was installed on the Pandya throne by the Sri Lankan army commanders.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Battle of Sri Purambiyam == | == Battle of Sri Purambiyam == | ||
{{See also|Battle of Sri Purambiyam}}Varaguna tried to check the Pallava influence by marching north (and even crossing the [[Kaveri]] in the Chola country by c. 879 AD).<ref name=":2">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar.'' Madras, Oxford University Press. 167-68.</ref> The northern expedition may well have been directed against the rising power of the Cholas.<ref name=":3" /> | {{See also|Battle of Sri Purambiyam}}Varaguna tried to check the Pallava influence by marching north (and even crossing the [[Kaveri]] in the Chola country by c. 879 AD).<ref name=":2">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1958, second ed.) ''A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar.'' Madras, Oxford University Press. 167-68.</ref> The northern expedition may well have been directed against the rising power of the Cholas.<ref name=":3" /> | ||
A decisive battle was fought at Sri Purambiyam (Tiruppurambiyam near [[Kumbakonam]]) in c. 880 AD. An alliance lead by the Pallava Aparajita, supported by Chola [[Aditya I]] and [[Western Ganga dynasty|Ganga]] Prithvipati I, opposed and defeated the Pandya king (although Prithvipati I lost his life in the battle).<ref name=":2" /> The Pandya advance was rolled back.<ref name=":3">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) ''The Pandyan Kingdom.'' London, Luzac and Company. 78-79.</ref> The Chola king subsequently invaded the Pallava country and defeated Aparajita.<ref name=":2" /> | A decisive battle was fought at Sri Purambiyam (Tiruppurambiyam near [[Kumbakonam]]) in c. 880 AD. An alliance lead by the Pallava Aparajita, supported by Chola [[Aditya I]] and [[Western Ganga dynasty|Ganga]] Prithvipati I, opposed and defeated the Pandya king (although Prithvipati I lost his life in the battle).<ref name=":2" /> The Pandya advance was rolled back.<ref name=":3">Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) ''The Pandyan Kingdom.'' London, Luzac and Company. 78-79.</ref> The Chola king subsequently invaded the Pallava country and defeated Aparajita.<ref name=":2" /> | ||