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Ra '''Meliga''', also known as '''Melaga''' or '''Maleka''', was a [[Chudasama dynasty|Chudasama]] king of [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]] region of western India who reigned from 1400 CE to 1416 CE ([[Vikram Samvat|VS]] 1456 to VS 1472).<ref name="Parikh">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/1977GujaratnoRajkiyaAneSanskrutikItihasVol5SaltanatKaal257D/page/n5|title=ગુજરાતનો રાજકીય અને સાંસ્કૃતિક ઇતિહાસ: સલ્તનત કાલ|publisher=Bholabhai Jeshingbhai Institute of Learning and Research|year=1977|editor-last=Parikh|editor-first=Rasiklal Chhotalal|editor-link=Rasiklal Parikh|series=Research Series - Book No. 71|volume=V|location=[[Ahmedabad]]|pages= | Ra '''Meliga''', also known as '''Melaga''' or '''Maleka''', was a [[Chudasama dynasty|Chudasama]] king of [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]] region of western India who reigned from 1400 CE to 1416 CE ([[Vikram Samvat|VS]] 1456 to VS 1472).<ref name="Parikh">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/1977GujaratnoRajkiyaAneSanskrutikItihasVol5SaltanatKaal257D/page/n5|title=ગુજરાતનો રાજકીય અને સાંસ્કૃતિક ઇતિહાસ: સલ્તનત કાલ|publisher=Bholabhai Jeshingbhai Institute of Learning and Research|year=1977|editor-last=Parikh|editor-first=Rasiklal Chhotalal|editor-link=Rasiklal Parikh|series=Research Series - Book No. 71|volume=V|location=[[Ahmedabad]]|pages=161–162|language=gu|trans-title=Political and Cultural History of Gujarat: Sultanate Era|editor-last2=Shastri|editor-first2=Hariprasad Gangashankar|editor-link2=Hariprasad Shastri}}</ref> He remove his capital from [[Vanthali]] back to [[Junagadh]], from which place he expelled the ''thanadar'' appointed by [[Gujarat Sultanate|Gujarat Sultan]]. Thus Gujarat Sultan [[Ahmad Shah I]] sent an army against Junagadh. He captured Vanthali and later Junagadh was besieged. Meliga left to a fort on [[Girnar]] hill which was inaccessible to the forces. So the forces left and placed two officers in Junagadh to collect tribute. Meliga died and was succeeded by his son [[Jayasimha II (Chudasama dynasty)|Jayasimha II]] in 1416 CE. | ||
==Reign== | ==Reign== | ||
Meliga succeeded his elder brother [[Mandalika II]] in 1400 CE. His father [[Mokalasimha]] had to move the capital from Junagadh to Vanthali due to order from the [[Gujarat under Delhi Sultanate|Governor of Gujarat]] [[Muzaffar Shah I|Zafar Khan]] on behalf of [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi Sultan]] [[Firuz Shah Tughluq]] who placed a ''thanadar''. It seems that Meliga had played no role when Zafar Khan attacked [[Somnath temple]] in 1402 CE which was under repair. Meliga expelled the ''thanadar'' from Junagadh and again made it his capital. According to the ''Mandalika Kavya'', he had sheltered a [[Jhala]] chieftain (probably Satarsal) fleeing from Gujarat Sultan [[Ahmad Shah I]]. ''Mirat-i-Sikandari'' tells that, in 1413-14 CE, Ahmad Shah marched against Junagadh. On this occasion, Melinga fought a pitched battle with Ahmad Shah at Vanthali but was defeated and fled to Junagadh. Vanthali was taken by Ahmad Shah who then marched to Junagadh and took the lower fortress (the [[Uparkot]] but the Raja escaped by fleeing to the upper fortress of Girnar. But the ''Mirat-i-Sikandri'' adds, 'The greater part of the ''zamindar''s of Sorath became submissive and obedient and consented to service.' Ahmad Shah left two officers, Sayad Ábûl Khair and Sayad Kásim, were left to collect the ''zamindar'''s tribute, ''salami'' and returned to his capital, [[Ahmedabad]]. The inscriptions (VS 1469/1413 CE) on five ''[[paliya]]''s (memorial stones) of people died in battle at Vanthali corroborate this event.<ref name="GBP1884">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c70MAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA711|title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency : Kathiawar|publisher=Government Central Press|year=1884|editor=Watson|editor-first=James W.|volume=VIII|location=Bombay|pages= | Meliga succeeded his elder brother [[Mandalika II]] in 1400 CE. His father [[Mokalasimha]] had to move the capital from Junagadh to Vanthali due to order from the [[Gujarat under Delhi Sultanate|Governor of Gujarat]] [[Muzaffar Shah I|Zafar Khan]] on behalf of [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi Sultan]] [[Firuz Shah Tughluq]] who placed a ''thanadar''. It seems that Meliga had played no role when Zafar Khan attacked [[Somnath temple]] in 1402 CE which was under repair. Meliga expelled the ''thanadar'' from Junagadh and again made it his capital. According to the ''Mandalika Kavya'', he had sheltered a [[Jhala]] chieftain (probably Satarsal) fleeing from Gujarat Sultan [[Ahmad Shah I]]. ''Mirat-i-Sikandari'' tells that, in 1413-14 CE, Ahmad Shah marched against Junagadh. On this occasion, Melinga fought a pitched battle with Ahmad Shah at Vanthali but was defeated and fled to Junagadh. Vanthali was taken by Ahmad Shah who then marched to Junagadh and took the lower fortress (the [[Uparkot]] but the Raja escaped by fleeing to the upper fortress of Girnar. But the ''Mirat-i-Sikandri'' adds, 'The greater part of the ''zamindar''s of Sorath became submissive and obedient and consented to service.' Ahmad Shah left two officers, Sayad Ábûl Khair and Sayad Kásim, were left to collect the ''zamindar'''s tribute, ''salami'' and returned to his capital, [[Ahmedabad]]. The inscriptions (VS 1469/1413 CE) on five ''[[paliya]]''s (memorial stones) of people died in battle at Vanthali corroborate this event.<ref name="GBP1884">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c70MAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA711|title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency : Kathiawar|publisher=Government Central Press|year=1884|editor=Watson|editor-first=James W.|volume=VIII|location=Bombay|pages=497–498}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="Wilberforce-Bell1980">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.70165|title=The History of Kathiawad from the Earliest Times|author=Harold Wilberforce-Bell|publisher=William Heinemann|year=1916|location=London|pages=75–76}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="ins1">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.54106/2015.54106.Inscriptions-Of-Kathiawad#page/n81/mode/2up/search/Meliga|title=New Indian Antiquary|last=Diskalkar|first=D. B.|date=December 1939|volume=2|pages=599–604|chapter=Inscriptions Of Kathiawad: No. 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69}}</ref><ref name="Pandey1987">{{cite book|author=Shiv Narayan Pandey|title=Śaivite Temples and Sculptures at Somanātha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i_HVAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=Ramanand Vidya Bhawan|page=24}}</ref> | ||
The ''Mandalik Kavya'', however, omits all account of the fight at Vanthali and represents that Meliga defeated Ahmad Shah and plundered his baggage but this is probably an exaggeration based on the Meliga's escape to the Girnar fortress and his avoidance of capture. In the Uparkot inscription (VS 1507/1451 CE), Meliga is styled the Yadav Rana of Jirandurg.<ref name="ins2"/> He was succeeded by his son [[Jayasimha II (Chudasama dynasty)|Jayasimha II]] in 1416 CE.<ref name="Parikh" /> | The ''Mandalik Kavya'', however, omits all account of the fight at Vanthali and represents that Meliga defeated Ahmad Shah and plundered his baggage but this is probably an exaggeration based on the Meliga's escape to the Girnar fortress and his avoidance of capture. In the Uparkot inscription (VS 1507/1451 CE), Meliga is styled the Yadav Rana of Jirandurg.<ref name="ins2"/> He was succeeded by his son [[Jayasimha II (Chudasama dynasty)|Jayasimha II]] in 1416 CE.<ref name="Parikh" /> | ||
Other inscriptions on ''paliya''s mentioning his name are located at Mesavana (VS 1470/1414 CE), Vaghelana (VS 1471/1415 CE) as well as on a stone in well at Vanthali dated VS 1472/1416 CE.<ref name="Parikh" /> He is also mentioned in genealogy of Revati Kund near [[Damodar Kund]], Junagadh (VS 1472/1417 CE) and Neminath Temple inscription (c. VS 1510/c. 1454 CE) on Girnar.<ref name="ins1"/><ref name="ins2">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.54106/2015.54106.Inscriptions-Of-Kathiawad#page/n93/mode/2up/search/Khengar+Mahal|title=New Indian Antiquary|last=Diskalkar|first=D. B.|date=June 1940|volume=2|pages= | Other inscriptions on ''paliya''s mentioning his name are located at Mesavana (VS 1470/1414 CE), Vaghelana (VS 1471/1415 CE) as well as on a stone in well at Vanthali dated VS 1472/1416 CE.<ref name="Parikh" /> He is also mentioned in genealogy of Revati Kund near [[Damodar Kund]], Junagadh (VS 1472/1417 CE) and Neminath Temple inscription (c. VS 1510/c. 1454 CE) on Girnar.<ref name="ins1"/><ref name="ins2">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.54106/2015.54106.Inscriptions-Of-Kathiawad#page/n93/mode/2up/search/Khengar+Mahal|title=New Indian Antiquary|last=Diskalkar|first=D. B.|date=June 1940|volume=2|pages=113–114, 116–117|chapter=Inscriptions Of Kathiawad: No. 76, 77}}</ref> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
Latest revision as of 20:24, 3 January 2022
| Meliga | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ra of Saurashtra | |||||
| Reign | 1400–1416 CE | ||||
| Predecessor | Mandalika II | ||||
| Successor | Jayasimha II | ||||
| Issue | Jayasimha II, Mahipala III | ||||
| |||||
| Dynasty | Chudasama dynasty | ||||
| Father | Mokalasimha | ||||
| Religion | Hinduism | ||||
Ra Meliga, also known as Melaga or Maleka, was a Chudasama king of Saurashtra region of western India who reigned from 1400 CE to 1416 CE (VS 1456 to VS 1472).[1] He remove his capital from Vanthali back to Junagadh, from which place he expelled the thanadar appointed by Gujarat Sultan. Thus Gujarat Sultan Ahmad Shah I sent an army against Junagadh. He captured Vanthali and later Junagadh was besieged. Meliga left to a fort on Girnar hill which was inaccessible to the forces. So the forces left and placed two officers in Junagadh to collect tribute. Meliga died and was succeeded by his son Jayasimha II in 1416 CE.
Reign[edit | edit source]
Meliga succeeded his elder brother Mandalika II in 1400 CE. His father Mokalasimha had to move the capital from Junagadh to Vanthali due to order from the Governor of Gujarat Zafar Khan on behalf of Delhi Sultan Firuz Shah Tughluq who placed a thanadar. It seems that Meliga had played no role when Zafar Khan attacked Somnath temple in 1402 CE which was under repair. Meliga expelled the thanadar from Junagadh and again made it his capital. According to the Mandalika Kavya, he had sheltered a Jhala chieftain (probably Satarsal) fleeing from Gujarat Sultan Ahmad Shah I. Mirat-i-Sikandari tells that, in 1413-14 CE, Ahmad Shah marched against Junagadh. On this occasion, Melinga fought a pitched battle with Ahmad Shah at Vanthali but was defeated and fled to Junagadh. Vanthali was taken by Ahmad Shah who then marched to Junagadh and took the lower fortress (the Uparkot but the Raja escaped by fleeing to the upper fortress of Girnar. But the Mirat-i-Sikandri adds, 'The greater part of the zamindars of Sorath became submissive and obedient and consented to service.' Ahmad Shah left two officers, Sayad Ábûl Khair and Sayad Kásim, were left to collect the zamindar's tribute, salami and returned to his capital, Ahmedabad. The inscriptions (VS 1469/1413 CE) on five paliyas (memorial stones) of people died in battle at Vanthali corroborate this event.[2][3][4][5]
The Mandalik Kavya, however, omits all account of the fight at Vanthali and represents that Meliga defeated Ahmad Shah and plundered his baggage but this is probably an exaggeration based on the Meliga's escape to the Girnar fortress and his avoidance of capture. In the Uparkot inscription (VS 1507/1451 CE), Meliga is styled the Yadav Rana of Jirandurg.[6] He was succeeded by his son Jayasimha II in 1416 CE.[1]
Other inscriptions on paliyas mentioning his name are located at Mesavana (VS 1470/1414 CE), Vaghelana (VS 1471/1415 CE) as well as on a stone in well at Vanthali dated VS 1472/1416 CE.[1] He is also mentioned in genealogy of Revati Kund near Damodar Kund, Junagadh (VS 1472/1417 CE) and Neminath Temple inscription (c. VS 1510/c. 1454 CE) on Girnar.[4][6]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Parikh, Rasiklal Chhotalal; Shastri, Hariprasad Gangashankar, eds. (1977). ગુજરાતનો રાજકીય અને સાંસ્કૃતિક ઇતિહાસ: સલ્તનત કાલ [Political and Cultural History of Gujarat: Sultanate Era]. Research Series - Book No. 71 (in ગુજરાતી). Vol. V. Ahmedabad: Bholabhai Jeshingbhai Institute of Learning and Research. pp. 161–162.
- ↑ Watson, James W., ed. (1884). Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency : Kathiawar. Vol. VIII. Bombay: Government Central Press. pp. 497–498.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ Harold Wilberforce-Bell (1916). The History of Kathiawad from the Earliest Times. London: William Heinemann. pp. 75–76. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Diskalkar, D. B. (December 1939). "Inscriptions Of Kathiawad: No. 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69". New Indian Antiquary. Vol. 2. pp. 599–604.
- ↑ Shiv Narayan Pandey (1987). Śaivite Temples and Sculptures at Somanātha. Ramanand Vidya Bhawan. p. 24.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Diskalkar, D. B. (June 1940). "Inscriptions Of Kathiawad: No. 76, 77". New Indian Antiquary. Vol. 2. pp. 113–114, 116–117.