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{{Short description|CTO at Twitter}}
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{{Short description|CEO of Twitter}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
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| name              = Parag Agrawal
| name              = Parag Agrawal
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| education          = [[IIT Bombay|Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay]] ([[Bachelor of Technology|BTech]])<br>[[Stanford University]] ([[Master of Science|MS]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])
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| title              = CEO, [[Twitter]]
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| predecessor        = [[Jack Dorsey]]
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| education          = [[Stanford University]], [[IIT Bombay]]
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| occupation        = [[Chief Technology Officer]]
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| employer          = [[Twitter]]
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| known_for          = CTO at Twitter
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| predecessor        = Adam Messinger
| successor          =  
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| party              =
| spouse            = Vineeta Agrawal<ref>{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/when-parag-regretted-wasting-time-tying-iit-jee-supplements/articleshow/87993348.cms |title=When Parag Agrawal Regretted Wasting Time Tying IIT-JEE Supplements |work=[[The Times of India]] |first1=Hemali |last1=Chhapia |first2=Pankaj |last2=Doval |date=30 November 2021 |accessdate=30 November 2021}}</ref>
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| website            = https://twitter.com/paraga
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}}
'''Parag Agrawal''' is an [[Indian Americans|Indian-American]] technology [[Senior management|executive]] and the current [[chief technology officer]] (CTO) of [[Twitter]]. He is responsible for Twitter's [[Strategy|Technical Strategy]], [[machine learning|Machine Learning]], [[artificial intelligence|Artificial Intelligence]], [[Consumer]], [[Revenue]] and [[Science]] teams.
'''Parag Agrawal''' (born 21 May 1984)<ref name="TOI Ajmer">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ajmer/a-house-in-naya-bazaar-new-twitter-ceos-ajmer-connection/articleshow/88020193.cms |title=Parag Agrawal: Ajmer Celebrates a Son ‘More Powerful than PMs, Presidents' |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=30 November 2021 |lang=en |accessdate=1 December 2021}}</ref> is an [[Indian-American]] technology executive, and the [[chief executive officer]] (CEO) of [[Twitter]] since November 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/technology/twitter-ceo-jack-dorsey-expected-to-step-down-report/articleshow/87987190.cms|title=India-born Parag Agrawal replaces Jack Dorsey as Twitter CEO|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2021-11-30}}</ref> Agrawal joined Twitter as a software engineer in 2011 and became the [[chief technology officer]] in 2017. On 29 November 2021, [[Jack Dorsey]] announced that he was resigning as CEO of Twitter and that Agrawal was replacing him, with immediate effect.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Molina|first=Brett|title=Jack Dorsey steps down as Twitter CEO, Parag Agrawal named as successor, sends stock surging|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2021/11/29/twitter-ceo-jack-dorsey-steps-down-successor-parag-agrawal/8793643002/|access-date=29 November 2021|website=USA TODAY|language=en-US}}</ref>
 
== Education ==
Agrawal was born in [[Ajmer]], [[Rajasthan]], India.<ref name="DB">{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/rajasthan/ajmer/news/shifted-to-mumbai-due-to-fathers-job-currently-residing-in-america-parents-will-come-to-ajmer-on-4th-129167519.html|title=अजमेर के रहने वाले हैं ट्विटर के नए CEO:किराए पर रहता था परिवार, 4 दिसंबर को घर आएंगे पराग के मम्मी-पापा|work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]|date=30 November 2021|lang=hi|accessdate=30 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Isaac|first=Mike|last2=Conger|first2=Kate|last3=Metz|first3=Cade|date=2021-11-29|title=Who Is Parag Agrawal, Twitter’s New C.E.O.?|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/29/technology/parag-agrawal-twitter.html|access-date=2021-11-30|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Later he shifted to Mumbai. His father was a senior official in the Indian [[Department of Atomic Energy]] and his mother is a retired school teacher. He studied at [[Atomic Energy Central School]] No.4. He was a classmate of singer [[Shreya Ghoshal]]. Agrawal won a gold medal at the 2001 [[International Physics Olympiad]] held in Turkey. He earned 77th rank in the [[Joint Entrance Examination – Advanced|Joint Entrance Exam]] in 2000, and Agrawal obtained his [[B.Tech.]] degree in Computer Science and Engineering from [[IIT Bombay]] in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-30|title=Parag Agrawal Becomes New CEO at Twitter as Jack Dorsey Steps Down|url=https://news.jagatgururampalji.org/parag-agrawal-new-twitter-ceo/|access-date=2021-11-30|website=SA News Channel|language=en-US}}</ref> Agrawal then moved to the United States to pursue a PhD in computer science from [[Stanford University]] under the guidance of [[Jennifer Widom]] .<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rajghatta|first=Chidanand|date=November 30, 2021|title=IIT-Bombay alumnus Parag Agrawal is Twitter CEO after Dorsey exit|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/international-business/jack-dorsey-steps-down-as-twitter-ceo-parag-agrawal-to-be-the-new-ceo/articleshow/87988800.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-30|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Chhapia|first=Hemali|last2=Doval|first2=Pankaj|date=November 30, 2021|title=When Parag Agrawal regretted wasting time tying IIT-JEE supplements|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/when-parag-regretted-wasting-time-tying-iit-jee-supplements/articleshow/87993348.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-30|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>


== Career and education ==
== Career ==
Agrawal received a [[doctorate]] from [[Stanford University]] and an [[undergraduate degree]] from the [[Indian Institute of Technology Bombay]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=TWTR Company Profile & Executives - Twitter Inc. - Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/market-data/quotes/TWTR/company-people/executive-profile/159786234|access-date=2020-10-06|website=www.wsj.com}}</ref>
Parag held leadership positions at [[Microsoft|Microsoft Research]] and [[Yahoo!|Yahoo! Research]] prior to joining Twitter as a software engineer in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Novet|first=Jordan|date=9 March 2018|title=Twitter taps distinguished engineer Parag Agrawal as new CTO|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/03/08/twitter-taps-distinguished-engineer-parag-agrawal-as-new-cto.html|access-date=6 October 2020|website=CNBC|language=en}}</ref> In October 2017, Twitter announced the appointment of Agrawal as [[chief technology officer]] following the departure of Adam Massinger.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Things To Know About New Twitter CEO, Parag Agrawal, From IIT Bombay|url=https://www.news18.com/photogallery/tech/things-to-know-about-new-twitter-ceo-parag-agrawal-from-iit-bombay-4501832.html|access-date=2021-11-30|website=News18|language=en}}</ref> In December 2019, Twitter CEO [[Jack Dorsey]] announced that Agrawal would be in charge of [[Bluesky (protocol)|Project Bluesky]], an initiative to develop a decentralized social network protocol.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Link|first=Indian|date=12 December 2019|title=Twitter CTO Parag Agrawal to hire for ambitious project Bluesky|url=https://www.indianlink.com.au/twitter-cto-parag-agrawal-to-hire-for-ambitious-project-bluesky/|access-date=6 October 2020|website=Indian Link|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Henshaw|first=Jon|date=12 December 2019|title=Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey announces Bluesky, an initiative to create a decentralized social media standard|url=https://www.coywolf.news/social/twitter-decentralized-social-media/|access-date=6 October 2020|website=Marketing & Technology News|language=en-US}}</ref>


In October 2018, Twitter announced the appointment of Agrawal as [[Chief technology officer|Chief Technology Officer]] following the leave of former Twitter [[Chief technology officer|CTO]], [[Adam Massinger|Adam Messinger]]. Agrawal joined the company in October 2011 and held several positions at the company most recently including "Distinguished Software Engineer". Before joining Twitter, Parag held leadership positions at [[Microsoft|Microsoft Research]] and [[Yahoo!|Yahoo! Research]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Novet|first=Jordan|date=2018-03-09|title=Twitter taps distinguished engineer Parag Agrawal as new CTO|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/03/08/twitter-taps-distinguished-engineer-parag-agrawal-as-new-cto.html|access-date=2020-10-06|website=CNBC|language=en}}</ref> According to Agrawal's biography on the Twitter leadership page, he is responsible for "Twitter’s technical strategy and overseeing machine learning and AI across the consumer, revenue, and science teams".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Twitter - Company|url=https://about.twitter.com/en_us/company.html|access-date=2020-10-06|website=about.twitter.com|language=en-us}}</ref>
In an interview with ''[[MIT Technology Review]]'' in November 2020, when asked about balancing the protection of [[Freedom of speech|free speech]] as a core value and the endeavor to combat misinformation, Agrawal said: "Our role is not to be bound by the [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution|First Amendment]], but our role is to serve a healthy public conversation...&nbsp;focus less on thinking about free speech, but thinking about how the times have changed."<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/11/18/1012066/emtech-stage-twitters-cto-on-misinformation/ |title= EmTech Stage: Twitter’s CTO on misinformation |website=technologyreview.com |date=November 18, 2020 |access-date=November 30, 2021}}</ref> On 29 November 2021, Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey announced that he was resigning from Twitter and that Agrawal would be the new CEO of the company.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Feiner |first1=Lauren |first2=Jessica |last2=Bursztynsky |title=Twitter CTO Parag Agrawal will replace Jack Dorsey as CEO |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/29/twitter-ceo-jack-dorsey-is-expected-to-step-down-sources-say.html |access-date=29 November 2021 |work=[[CNBC]] |date=29 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Following the announcement, Agrawal faced criticism from [[Conservatism|conservatives]] for a 2010 tweet which read, "If they are not gonna make a distinction between Muslims and extremists, then why should I distinguish between white people and racists."<ref>{{cite tweet|number=28773976508|user=paraga|title="If they are not gonna make a distinction between muslims and extremists, then why should I distinguish between white people and racists."<!-- full text of tweet that Twitter returned to the bot (excluding links) added by TweetCiteBot. This may be better truncated or may need expanding (TW limits responses to 140 characters) or case changes. --> |access-date=2021-12-02|language=en|date=2010-10-26}}</ref> Agrawal claimed to be quoting [[Aasif Mandvi]] during a story on ''[[The Daily Show]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Saul|first1=Derek|title=New Twitter CEO Parag Agrawal Already Under Fire From The Right|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2021/11/29/new-twitter-ceo-parag-agrawal-already-under-fire-from-the-right/?sh=5f362d684a8a|access-date=29 November 2021 |work=[[Forbes]]|date=29 November 2021}}</ref>


In December 2019, Twitter CEO [[Jack Dorsey]] announced that Agrawal would be in charge of [[Project Bluesky]], "an independent team of open source architects, engineers and designers to develop an open and decentralized standard for social media that would help better control abusive and misleading information on its platform".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Link|first=Indian|date=2019-12-12|title=Twitter CTO Parag Agrawal to hire for ambitious project Bluesky|url=https://www.indianlink.com.au/twitter-cto-parag-agrawal-to-hire-for-ambitious-project-bluesky/|access-date=2020-10-06|website=Indian Link|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Henshaw|first=Jon|date=2019-12-12|title=Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey announces Bluesky, an initiative to create a decentralized social media standard|url=https://www.coywolf.news/social/twitter-decentralized-social-media/|access-date=2020-10-06|website=Marketing & Technology News|language=en-US}}</ref>
==Personal life==
He is married to Vineeta Agrawal.<ref name="India Today">{{cite news |title=Parag Agrawal becomes Twitter CEO: Who is Parag Agrawal? Here is a brief profile of this IITian in 5 points |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/technology/features/story/parag-agrawal-becomes-twitter-ceo-who-is-parag-agrawal-here-is-a-brief-profile-of-this-iitian-in-5-points-1882270-2021-11-29 |access-date=29 November 2021 |work=India Today |date=29 November 2021}}</ref> She is a general partner at [[Andreessen Horowitz]], a venture capital firm.<ref name="Business Insider">{{cite news |last1=Akhtar |first1=Allana |title=Meet Twitter's new CEO: a 37-year-old machine learning and AI expert |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-parag-agrawal-new-ceo-of-twitter-indian-american-2021-11?r=US&IR=T |access-date=29 November 2021 |work=Business Insider |date=29 November 2021}}</ref> They have one son.<ref name="Business Insider"/>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Twitter people]]
[[Category:Twitter people]]
[[Category:American chief technology officers]]
[[Category:American chief technology officers]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category: Indian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:IIT Bombay alumni]]
[[Category:IIT Bombay alumni]]
[[Category:Stanford University alumni]]
[[Category:Stanford University alumni]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:1984 births]]
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