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{{short description|Indian Islamic scholar}} | {{short description|Indian Islamic scholar}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}} | ||
{{Infobox | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
| | |honorific_prefix = Mawlānā | ||
| | |title = {{small|Mufakkir-e-Islām}} | ||
| | |name = Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad | ||
|name | |office1 = 2nd General Secretary of [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]] | ||
| | |term_start1 = 13 July 1940 | ||
|term_end1 = 23 November 1940 | |||
|predecessor1 = [[Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi]] | |||
|successor1 = Abdul Haleem Siddiqi<ref name="salman"/> | |||
|module = {{Infobox religious biography|embed = yes|religion=Islam | |||
|birth_date = 1880 | |birth_date = 1880 | ||
|birth_place = Panhessa, [[Bihar Province]], [[Colonial India]] | |birth_place = Panhessa, [[Bihar Province]], [[Colonial India]] | ||
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1940|11|23|1880}} | |death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1940|11|23|1880}} | ||
|nationality = Indian | |nationality = Indian | ||
|denomination = [[Sunni Islam]] | |denomination = [[Sunni Islam]] | ||
|jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]] | |jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]] | ||
|alma_mater = Madrasa Subhāniya, Allahabad | |alma_mater = Madrasa Subhāniya, Allahabad | ||
|notable_works = ''Fatwa Tark-e-Mawalat'' | |||
|notable_works = | |||
|founder = [[Muslim Independent Party]] | |founder = [[Muslim Independent Party]] | ||
}} | }}}} | ||
'''Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad''' (1880 – 23 November 1940) was an Indian Islamic scholar who was one of the most influential [[ulama|ulemas]] of the 20th century.<ref name="Mohammad1987">{{cite book |last1=Mohammad |first1=Muzaffar Imam |title=Role of Muslims in the National Movement, 1912-1930: A Study of Bihar |date=1987 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-7099-033-8 |page=250 |language=en|quote=MAULANA MUHAMMAD SAJJAD ( 1880 - 1940 ) Maulana Mohammad Sajjad was one of the most reverend and revolutionary leaders of Bihar, who served religion and politics equally. He was born in the year 1880 at Pansaha village in...}}</ref> Sajjad was a founder of Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]], and Imarat-i-Sharia.<ref name="Alam2004"/> A leader in the [[Indian independence movement]], Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad participated in the [[Non-cooperation Movement]], [[Khilafat Movement]], and [[Civil Disobedience Movement]]; he [[opposition to the partition of India|opposed the partition of India]] and championed the concept of [[composite nationalism]]. He also founded the [[Muslim Independent Party]] in 1935 to represent Muslims in Bihar who were disillusioned with Congress and the Muslim League.The Muslim Independent Party formed the government in Bihar in 1937. Yunus, the party president, became the chief minister of Bihar on 1 April 1937.<ref name="Sajjad2018">{{cite web |last1=Sajjad |first1=Mohammad |title=The real culprits behind India's Partition |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/column/the-real-culprits-behind-indias-partition/20180524.htm |publisher=[[Rediff]] |access-date=30 October 2020 |language=en |date=24 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="Ashraf2016">{{cite web |last1=Ashraf |first1=Ajaz |title=The forgotten story of two Maulanas who mocked Jinnah's idea of Pakistan |url=https://scroll.in/article/814820/the-forgotten-story-of-two-maulanas-who-mocked-jinnahs-idea-of-pakistan |publisher=[[Scroll.in]] |access-date=3 November 2020 |language=en |date=6 September 2016}}</ref> | '''Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad''' (1880 – 23 November 1940) was an Indian Islamic scholar who was one of the most influential [[ulama|ulemas]] of the 20th century.<ref name="Mohammad1987">{{cite book |last1=Mohammad |first1=Muzaffar Imam |title=Role of Muslims in the National Movement, 1912-1930: A Study of Bihar |date=1987 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-7099-033-8 |page=250 |language=en|quote=MAULANA MUHAMMAD SAJJAD ( 1880 - 1940 ) Maulana Mohammad Sajjad was one of the most reverend and revolutionary leaders of Bihar, who served religion and politics equally. He was born in the year 1880 at Pansaha village in...}}</ref> Sajjad was a founder of Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]], and Imarat-i-Sharia.<ref name="Alam2004"/> A leader in the [[Indian independence movement]], Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad participated in the [[Non-cooperation Movement]], [[Khilafat Movement]], and [[Civil Disobedience Movement]]; he [[opposition to the partition of India|opposed the partition of India]] and championed the concept of [[composite nationalism]]. He also founded the [[Muslim Independent Party]] in 1935 to represent Muslims in Bihar who were disillusioned with Congress and the Muslim League.The Muslim Independent Party formed the government in Bihar in 1937. Yunus, the party president, became the chief minister of Bihar on 1 April 1937.<ref name="Sajjad2018">{{cite web |last1=Sajjad |first1=Mohammad |title=The real culprits behind India's Partition |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/column/the-real-culprits-behind-indias-partition/20180524.htm |publisher=[[Rediff]] |access-date=30 October 2020 |language=en |date=24 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="Ashraf2016">{{cite web |last1=Ashraf |first1=Ajaz |title=The forgotten story of two Maulanas who mocked Jinnah's idea of Pakistan |url=https://scroll.in/article/814820/the-forgotten-story-of-two-maulanas-who-mocked-jinnahs-idea-of-pakistan |publisher=[[Scroll.in]] |access-date=3 November 2020 |language=en |date=6 September 2016}}</ref> | ||
== Early life and education == | == Early life and education == | ||
Muhammad Sajjad was born in the Panhessa village in the [[Nalanda district]] of the [[Bihar Province]] in [[Colonial India]].<ref name="asir">{{Cite book|title=Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta|author=[[Asir Adrawi]]|page=13|location=[[Deoband]]|publisher= Darul Muallifeen |language=ur |edition = 2 April 2016}}</ref> His father was Hussain Baksh who died when he was only 4 years old.{{ | Muhammad Sajjad was born in the Panhessa village in the [[Nalanda district]] of the [[Bihar Province]] in [[Colonial India]].<ref name="asir">{{Cite book|title=Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta|author=[[Asir Adrawi]]|page=13|location=[[Deoband]]|publisher= Darul Muallifeen |language=ur |edition = 2 April 2016}}</ref> His father was Hussain Baksh who died when he was only 4 years old.<ref name="Hayāt">{{Cite book|title=Hayāt-e-Abul Muhāsin|author=Akhtar Imām Aadil Qāsimi|page=108,109|location=[[Samastipur District]], [[Bihar]]|publisher= Jāmia Rabbāni Manorwa Sharīf |language=ur |edition = 2019}}</ref> | ||
Sajjad's elder brother is the revered Sufi saint Sufi Ahmad Sajjad who lived until 1948. Sufi Ahmad Sajjad's Mazar is located near a mosque in the village where Urs of the great Sufi Saint is celebrated every year on the 27th day of Muharram. The shrine's current Sajjada Nashin (hereditary administrator) is the saint's grandson Pir Syed Shah Mohammad Ziauddin (born 1953).<ref name="Alam2004">{{cite book |last1=Alam |first1=Jawaid |title=Government and Politics in Colonial Bihar, 1921-1937 |date=1 January 2004 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-7099-979-9 |page=225 |language=en|quote=Sajad, Maulana Muhammad (1884-1940); pan-Islamist ''alim'' from Panasha, a village in Nalanda district: educated at Bihar Sharif, Deoband, and Allahabad; started career as a teacher of theology and taught at Bihar Sharif, Gaya and Allahabad; founded Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, 1917; one of the founders of Jamiyat al-Ulama-i-Hind and became its Secretary; founder-Secretary, Imarat-i-Sharia Bihar and Orissa; took prominent part in the Khilafat and Non-cooperation movements, 1920-22; worked for Hindu-Muslim unity; actively participated in the hartals to boycott the Simon Commission; took active part in the Civil Disobedience movement, 1930 and was imprisoned; established Anwarul Ulum Madrass at Gaya.}}</ref> | Sajjad's elder brother is the revered Sufi saint Sufi Ahmad Sajjad who lived until 1948. Sufi Ahmad Sajjad's Mazar is located near a mosque in the village where Urs of the great Sufi Saint is celebrated every year on the 27th day of Muharram. The shrine's current Sajjada Nashin (hereditary administrator) is the saint's grandson Pir Syed Shah Mohammad Ziauddin (born 1953).<ref name="Alam2004">{{cite book |last1=Alam |first1=Jawaid |title=Government and Politics in Colonial Bihar, 1921-1937 |date=1 January 2004 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-7099-979-9 |page=225 |language=en|quote=Sajad, Maulana Muhammad (1884-1940); pan-Islamist ''alim'' from Panasha, a village in Nalanda district: educated at Bihar Sharif, Deoband, and Allahabad; started career as a teacher of theology and taught at Bihar Sharif, Gaya and Allahabad; founded Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, 1917; one of the founders of Jamiyat al-Ulama-i-Hind and became its Secretary; founder-Secretary, Imarat-i-Sharia Bihar and Orissa; took prominent part in the Khilafat and Non-cooperation movements, 1920-22; worked for Hindu-Muslim unity; actively participated in the hartals to boycott the Simon Commission; took active part in the Civil Disobedience movement, 1930 and was imprisoned; established Anwarul Ulum Madrass at Gaya.}}</ref> | ||
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== Career == | == Career == | ||
He later returned to [[Bihar Sharif]] and [[Allahabad]], to teach theology, as well as at [[Gaya, India|Gaya]].<ref name="Alam2004"/> | He later returned to [[Bihar Sharif]] and [[Allahabad]], to teach theology, as well as at [[Gaya, India|Gaya]].<ref name="Alam2004"/> In 1917, Sajjad founded the Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar and also became one of the founders of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind|Jamiyat al-Ulama-i-Hind]].<ref name="Alam2004"/> He served as the secretary of Imarat-i-Sharia, which he helped found.<ref name="Alam2004"/> | ||
A leader in the [[Indian independence movement]], Sajjad took part in the [[Non-cooperation movement]], [[Khilafat Movement]] and [[Civil Disobedience Movement]].<ref name="Alam2004"/> He was a proponent of [[Hindu-Muslim unity]] and was a leader in the [[hartal]]s that boycotted the [[Simon Commission]].<ref name="Alam2004"/> He [[opposition to the partition of India|opposed the partition of India]] and the separatist campaign of [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]].<ref name="Sajjad2018"/> He established Anwarul Ulum Madrasa in [[Gaya, India|Gaya]].<ref name="Alam2004"/> | |||
Sajjad | Sajjad authored the ''Fatwa Tark-e-Mawalat'', the religious edict on boycotting the British goods, on 8 September 1920. It was signed by 500 Muslim scholars and issued from the Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wasif Dehlavi |first1=Hafizur Rahman |author1-link=Hafizur Rahman Wasif Dehlavi |title=Jamī'at-i Ulamā par ek tārīk̲h̲ī tabṣirah |page= 58|language=ur|oclc=16907808}}</ref> He was appointed the general secretary of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind on 13 July 1940.<ref name="salman">{{cite book |author1=Salman Mansoorpuri |title=Tehreek Azadi-e-Hind Mai Muslim Ulama aur Awaam ka Kirdar |date=2014 |publisher=Deeni Kitab Ghar |location=Deoband |pages=194–196 |language=ur}}</ref> He would earlier serve as the working general secretary in absence of [[Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi]].<ref name="salman"/> | ||
==Death== | ==Death== | ||
Sajjad died on 23 November 1940.<ref name="asir"/> | Sajjad died on 23 November 1940.<ref name="asir"/> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
==Bibliography== | |||
* {{Cite book|last=Nadwi|first=Talha Nemat|title=Hadhrat Mawlāna Abul Muhasin Muḥammad Sajjad|publisher=Abjad Publishers|year=2018|edition=2nd, 2019|location=[[New Delhi]]|language=ur}} | |||
* {{Cite book|title=Hayāt-e-Abul Muhāsin|author=Akhtar Imām Aadil Qāsimi|location=[[Samastipur District]], [[Bihar]]|publisher= Jāmia Rabbāni Manorwa Sharīf |language=ur |edition = 2019}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sajjad, Abul Muhasin Muhammad}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Sajjad, Abul Muhasin Muhammad}} | ||
[[Category:1880 births]] | [[Category:1880 births]] | ||
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[[Category:Deobandis]] | [[Category:Deobandis]] | ||
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Bihar]] | [[Category:Indian independence activists from Bihar]] | ||
[[Category:Founders of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]] | |||
Revision as of 21:43, 16 July 2021
Mawlānā Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad | |
|---|---|
| Mufakkir-e-Islām | |
| 2nd General Secretary of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind | |
| In office 13 July 1940 – 23 November 1940 | |
| Preceded by | Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi |
| Succeeded by | Abdul Haleem Siddiqi[1] |
| Personal | |
| Born | 1880 Panhessa, Bihar Province, Colonial India |
| Died | 23 November 1940 (aged 59–60) |
| Religion | Islam |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Denomination | Sunni Islam |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Notable work(s) | Fatwa Tark-e-Mawalat |
| Alma mater | Madrasa Subhāniya, Allahabad |
| Founder of | Muslim Independent Party |
Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad (1880 – 23 November 1940) was an Indian Islamic scholar who was one of the most influential ulemas of the 20th century.[2] Sajjad was a founder of Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, and Imarat-i-Sharia.[3] A leader in the Indian independence movement, Abul Muhasin Muhammad Sajjad participated in the Non-cooperation Movement, Khilafat Movement, and Civil Disobedience Movement; he opposed the partition of India and championed the concept of composite nationalism. He also founded the Muslim Independent Party in 1935 to represent Muslims in Bihar who were disillusioned with Congress and the Muslim League.The Muslim Independent Party formed the government in Bihar in 1937. Yunus, the party president, became the chief minister of Bihar on 1 April 1937.[4][5]
Early life and education
Muhammad Sajjad was born in the Panhessa village in the Nalanda district of the Bihar Province in Colonial India.[6] His father was Hussain Baksh who died when he was only 4 years old.[7]
Sajjad's elder brother is the revered Sufi saint Sufi Ahmad Sajjad who lived until 1948. Sufi Ahmad Sajjad's Mazar is located near a mosque in the village where Urs of the great Sufi Saint is celebrated every year on the 27th day of Muharram. The shrine's current Sajjada Nashin (hereditary administrator) is the saint's grandson Pir Syed Shah Mohammad Ziauddin (born 1953).[3]
Sajjad started studying at Madrasa Islamiya in Bihar, and then studied at Madrasa Subhaniya in Allahabad for about six years. His major teachers include Abdul Kāfi. He graduated in 1323 AH.[6] Sajjad completed his studies in Bihar Sharif, Deoband, and Allahabad.[3]
Career
He later returned to Bihar Sharif and Allahabad, to teach theology, as well as at Gaya.[3] In 1917, Sajjad founded the Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar and also became one of the founders of Jamiyat al-Ulama-i-Hind.[3] He served as the secretary of Imarat-i-Sharia, which he helped found.[3]
A leader in the Indian independence movement, Sajjad took part in the Non-cooperation movement, Khilafat Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement.[3] He was a proponent of Hindu-Muslim unity and was a leader in the hartals that boycotted the Simon Commission.[3] He opposed the partition of India and the separatist campaign of Muhammad Ali Jinnah.[4] He established Anwarul Ulum Madrasa in Gaya.[3]
Sajjad authored the Fatwa Tark-e-Mawalat, the religious edict on boycotting the British goods, on 8 September 1920. It was signed by 500 Muslim scholars and issued from the Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind.[8] He was appointed the general secretary of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind on 13 July 1940.[1] He would earlier serve as the working general secretary in absence of Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi.[1]
Death
Sajjad died on 23 November 1940.[6]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Salman Mansoorpuri (2014). Tehreek Azadi-e-Hind Mai Muslim Ulama aur Awaam ka Kirdar (in اردو). Deoband: Deeni Kitab Ghar. pp. 194–196.
- ↑ Mohammad, Muzaffar Imam (1987). Role of Muslims in the National Movement, 1912-1930: A Study of Bihar. Mittal Publications. p. 250. ISBN 978-81-7099-033-8.
MAULANA MUHAMMAD SAJJAD ( 1880 - 1940 ) Maulana Mohammad Sajjad was one of the most reverend and revolutionary leaders of Bihar, who served religion and politics equally. He was born in the year 1880 at Pansaha village in...
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Alam, Jawaid (1 January 2004). Government and Politics in Colonial Bihar, 1921-1937. Mittal Publications. p. 225. ISBN 978-81-7099-979-9.
Sajad, Maulana Muhammad (1884-1940); pan-Islamist alim from Panasha, a village in Nalanda district: educated at Bihar Sharif, Deoband, and Allahabad; started career as a teacher of theology and taught at Bihar Sharif, Gaya and Allahabad; founded Anjuman-Ulama-i-Bihar, 1917; one of the founders of Jamiyat al-Ulama-i-Hind and became its Secretary; founder-Secretary, Imarat-i-Sharia Bihar and Orissa; took prominent part in the Khilafat and Non-cooperation movements, 1920-22; worked for Hindu-Muslim unity; actively participated in the hartals to boycott the Simon Commission; took active part in the Civil Disobedience movement, 1930 and was imprisoned; established Anwarul Ulum Madrass at Gaya.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sajjad, Mohammad (24 May 2018). "The real culprits behind India's Partition". Rediff. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ↑ Ashraf, Ajaz (6 September 2016). "The forgotten story of two Maulanas who mocked Jinnah's idea of Pakistan". Scroll.in. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Asir Adrawi. Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta (in اردو) (2 April 2016 ed.). Deoband: Darul Muallifeen. p. 13.
- ↑ Akhtar Imām Aadil Qāsimi. Hayāt-e-Abul Muhāsin (in اردو) (2019 ed.). Samastipur District, Bihar: Jāmia Rabbāni Manorwa Sharīf. p. 108,109.
- ↑ Wasif Dehlavi, Hafizur Rahman. Jamī'at-i Ulamā par ek tārīk̲h̲ī tabṣirah (in اردو). p. 58. OCLC 16907808.
Bibliography
- Nadwi, Talha Nemat (2018). Hadhrat Mawlāna Abul Muhasin Muḥammad Sajjad (in اردو) (2nd, 2019 ed.). New Delhi: Abjad Publishers.
- Akhtar Imām Aadil Qāsimi. Hayāt-e-Abul Muhāsin (in اردو) (2019 ed.). Samastipur District, Bihar: Jāmia Rabbāni Manorwa Sharīf.