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== Revolutionary activities == | == Revolutionary activities == | ||
Like most of the revolutionaries of HSRA, Prasad participated in the [[Non-cooperation movement|Non-cooperation Movement]] in 1921. He formed a strong bond with Bhagat Singh and [[Shivaram Rajguru|Rajguru]], who visited Prasad in Jagadishpur to celebrate Holi on March 20, 1926.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.patrika.com/kanpur-news/when-bhagat-singh-played-holi-in-kanpur-1250059/|title=भगत सिंह, राजगुरु ने कानपुर के जगदीशपुर गांव में खेली थी होली|work=www.patrika.com|access-date=2018-08-23|language=hi-IN}}</ref> | |||
Prasad's main responsibility was to provide a cover for the bomb manufacturing factories of HSRA. The modus operandi was simple - Prasad would start a dispensary under a proxy name<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/siwan-15514875.html|title=पुण्यतिथि पर नमन किया गया क्रांतिकारी डॉ. गया प्रसाद कटियार को|work=Dainik Jagran|access-date=2018-08-23|language=hi}}</ref> and the other revolutionaries would work as staff e.g.: compounders, housekeeping etc. The dispensary had hidden places where the bombs were manufactured. The odor of the chemicals could be easily be justified to the locals and neighbours as arising during the preparation of medicines. | |||
In one case a bomb factory in Turi Bazaar, [[Firozpur|Ferozpur]] that was started by Prasad under the name Dr. B S Nigam was operational from August 10, 1928 to February 9, 1929. The other revolutionaries had the following aliases:<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.dailyhunt.in/news/india/hindi/ujjwal+prabhat-epaper-ujjwalp/panjab+ki+is+imarat+me+daphan+hai+aajadi+ke+matavalae+ke+raj-newsid-94532156|title=पंजाब की इस इमारत में दफन है आजादी के मतवालाें के राज - Ujjwal Prabhat {{!}} DailyHunt|work=DailyHunt|access-date=2018-08-23|language=en}}</ref> | |||
* Shiv Verma : Ram Narayan Kapoor | * Shiv Verma : Ram Narayan Kapoor | ||
* Vijay Kumar Sinha : Bacchu | * Vijay Kumar Sinha : Bacchu | ||
| Line 26: | Line 23: | ||
* Jaigopal : Gopal | * Jaigopal : Gopal | ||
The bomb factory was shifted to [[Saharanpur|Sahranpur]] after the arrests mounted and police actions became intensive. They were soon out of funds and couldn't convert the rented place into a dispensary. Kashiram, an HSRA associate was supposed to arrive from Delhi with money but he hadn't reached, hence it was decided that | The bomb factory was shifted to [[Saharanpur|Sahranpur]] after the arrests mounted and police actions became intensive. They were soon out of funds and couldn't convert the rented place into a dispensary. Kashiram, an HSRA associate was supposed to arrive from Delhi with money but he hadn't reached, hence it was decided that Prasad would travel to Kanpur and return with some money. Meanwhile (after 1–1.5 months of moving the factory), a Ferozpur-based barber named Kalu Ram who visited Sahranpur for some personal work recognized the supposed Dr. Nigam as Prasad and immediately reported this to the local police.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.ajitsamachar.com/news/26019.cms|title=अजीत समाचार {{!}} फिरोजपुर शहर के कालू राम की सूचना पर पकड़े गए थे क्रांतिकारी|last=Samachar|first=Ajit|website=news.ajitsamachar.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-08-23}}</ref> It was later revealed that Kalu Ram had been keeping a close eye on HSRA movements, at the behest of the police. On May 13, 1929, the police raided this factory located in the Chaube parish locality and arrested Shiv Verma and Jaidev Kapoor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dainiksaveratimes.com/news/kalu-ram-was-caught-on-the-information-revolutionary-hindi-news-81700|title=कालू राम की सूचना पर पकड़े गए थे क्रांतिकारी|work=Dainik Savera Times|access-date=2018-08-23|language=hi}}</ref> | ||
Prasad couldn't arrange any funds and returned empty-handed on May 15, 1929. He evaded the police at the Sahranpur station and reached the base in the early hours while it was still dark. He knocked the door, expecting Shiv or Jaidev. Instead, he was embraced by a policeman. Prasad didn't recognize the policeman as it was dark and the friendly affection made him believe that it was Kashiram who had arrived with funds. The policeman then shouted for backup and within minutes, several more policeman rushed inside, overpowered Prasad and handcuffed him. On the way towards the police station, the doctor realized that in his pocket was a paper the names of two lawyers based in Lucknow, Chandra Bhanu Gupt and Mohanlal Saxena, both of whom had pleaded the [[Kakori conspiracy|Kakori conspiracy case]] from the side of the revolutionaries. Prasad thought that this paper must be destroyed to avoid implicating the lawyers. He asked the constable to stop and allow him to urinate. After some argument, one of his hands was freed and the constables stood with their backs to him. He immediately put the paper in his mouth and tried to swallow it but started to cough uncontrollably. He demanded water from the constable and gulped it down his throat, swallowing the paper,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian revolutionaries : a comprehensive study, 1757-1961. Vol. 3|last=1919-|first=Sarala, Śrīkr̥shṇa|date=1999|publisher=Ocean Books|isbn=978-8187100157|location=New Delhi|oclc=47354233}}</ref> | |||
Prasad was sent to [[Lahore]] where, along with the other HSRA revolutionaries, he participated in the [[Jatindra Nath Das#Hunger strike|hunger strike]]. He was tried under the [[Lahore Conspiracy Case (disambiguation)|Lahore Conspiracy Case]], sentenced for life imprisonment and deported to the Andaman [[Cellular Jail|cellular jail]]. Even in Andaman, he conducted a 46-day long hunger strike to protest against the unfair and inhuman treatment of the prisoners.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Andaman and Nicobar islands: a saga of freedom struggle|last=1968-|first=Murthy, R. V. R.|date=2011|publisher=Kalpaz Publications|isbn=9788178359038|location=Delhi|oclc=747944694}}</ref> His HSRA compatriot, [[Mahavir Singh (revolutionary)|Mahavir Singh]] died in this same strike as a result of forced feeding, He was expatriated in 1937 but again sent to the cellular jail, finally, released in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=155856|title=Centre releases special stamp on freedom fighter "Shri Gaya Prasad Katiyar" and a set of eight Commemorative Postage Stamps on "Personalities Series: Bihar" & a stamp on "Hardayal Municipal Heritage Public Library"|website=pib.nic.in|access-date=2018-08-23}}</ref> | |||
== Later life == | == Later life == | ||
In accordance with his socialist ideals cemented during the HSRA era, he struggled for the rights of workers and farmers. During this juncture, he was sent to jail | In accordance with his socialist ideals cemented during the HSRA era, he struggled for the rights of workers and farmers. During this juncture, he was sent to jail twice – for 6 months in 1958 and for 1.5 years between 1966 and 1968).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.buddhadarshan.com/revolutionary-gaya-prasad-katiyar-created-a-bomb-for-bhagat-singh/|title=बाहर दवाखाना-अंदर बम बनाने की फैक्ट्री चलाते थें क्रांतिकारी डॉ.गया प्रसाद कटियार, खजूरी खुर्द|website=www.buddhadarshan.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-08-23}}</ref> | ||
== Death == | == Death == | ||
He | He died on 10 February 1993. | ||
== Legacy == | == Legacy == | ||
| Line 46: | Line 43: | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}} | |||
[[Category:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] | [[Category:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] | ||
[[Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence]] | [[Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence]] | ||
Revision as of 19:18, 3 August 2021
Gaya Prasad Katiyar | |
|---|---|
| Born | 20 June 1900 Jagadishpur, United Provinces, British India |
| Died | 10 February 1993 (aged 92) |
Gaya Prasad Katiyar (Hindi: गया प्रसाद कटियार) (20 June 1900 – 10 February 1993) was an Indian revolutionary and member of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
Early life
Gaya Prasad was born on 20 June 1900 in the village of Jagadishpur, Bilhaur tehsil, Kanpur to Nandarani and Mauji Ram. After completing the high school studies, he enrolled himself for the medicinal practice course in Kanpur. He joined the Arya Samaj, Kanpur branch where he got acquainted with Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi.
Revolutionary activities
Like most of the revolutionaries of HSRA, Prasad participated in the Non-cooperation Movement in 1921. He formed a strong bond with Bhagat Singh and Rajguru, who visited Prasad in Jagadishpur to celebrate Holi on March 20, 1926.[1]
Prasad's main responsibility was to provide a cover for the bomb manufacturing factories of HSRA. The modus operandi was simple - Prasad would start a dispensary under a proxy name[2] and the other revolutionaries would work as staff e.g.: compounders, housekeeping etc. The dispensary had hidden places where the bombs were manufactured. The odor of the chemicals could be easily be justified to the locals and neighbours as arising during the preparation of medicines.
In one case a bomb factory in Turi Bazaar, Ferozpur that was started by Prasad under the name Dr. B S Nigam was operational from August 10, 1928 to February 9, 1929. The other revolutionaries had the following aliases:[3]
- Shiv Verma : Ram Narayan Kapoor
- Vijay Kumar Sinha : Bacchu
- Mahavir Singh : Pratap Singh
- Chandrashekhar Azad : Pandit ji
- Sukhdev : Balejar
- Jaigopal : Gopal
The bomb factory was shifted to Sahranpur after the arrests mounted and police actions became intensive. They were soon out of funds and couldn't convert the rented place into a dispensary. Kashiram, an HSRA associate was supposed to arrive from Delhi with money but he hadn't reached, hence it was decided that Prasad would travel to Kanpur and return with some money. Meanwhile (after 1–1.5 months of moving the factory), a Ferozpur-based barber named Kalu Ram who visited Sahranpur for some personal work recognized the supposed Dr. Nigam as Prasad and immediately reported this to the local police.[4] It was later revealed that Kalu Ram had been keeping a close eye on HSRA movements, at the behest of the police. On May 13, 1929, the police raided this factory located in the Chaube parish locality and arrested Shiv Verma and Jaidev Kapoor.[5]
Prasad couldn't arrange any funds and returned empty-handed on May 15, 1929. He evaded the police at the Sahranpur station and reached the base in the early hours while it was still dark. He knocked the door, expecting Shiv or Jaidev. Instead, he was embraced by a policeman. Prasad didn't recognize the policeman as it was dark and the friendly affection made him believe that it was Kashiram who had arrived with funds. The policeman then shouted for backup and within minutes, several more policeman rushed inside, overpowered Prasad and handcuffed him. On the way towards the police station, the doctor realized that in his pocket was a paper the names of two lawyers based in Lucknow, Chandra Bhanu Gupt and Mohanlal Saxena, both of whom had pleaded the Kakori conspiracy case from the side of the revolutionaries. Prasad thought that this paper must be destroyed to avoid implicating the lawyers. He asked the constable to stop and allow him to urinate. After some argument, one of his hands was freed and the constables stood with their backs to him. He immediately put the paper in his mouth and tried to swallow it but started to cough uncontrollably. He demanded water from the constable and gulped it down his throat, swallowing the paper,[6]
Prasad was sent to Lahore where, along with the other HSRA revolutionaries, he participated in the hunger strike. He was tried under the Lahore Conspiracy Case, sentenced for life imprisonment and deported to the Andaman cellular jail. Even in Andaman, he conducted a 46-day long hunger strike to protest against the unfair and inhuman treatment of the prisoners.[7] His HSRA compatriot, Mahavir Singh died in this same strike as a result of forced feeding, He was expatriated in 1937 but again sent to the cellular jail, finally, released in 1946.[8]
Later life
In accordance with his socialist ideals cemented during the HSRA era, he struggled for the rights of workers and farmers. During this juncture, he was sent to jail twice – for 6 months in 1958 and for 1.5 years between 1966 and 1968).[9]
Death
He died on 10 February 1993.
Legacy
On December 26, 2016, Minister of State for Health & Family Welfare, Ms. Anupriya Patel headed a program to introduce an Indian Postal stamp in the name of Dr. Gaya Prasad Katiyar[10]
In popular culture
In the movie The Legend of Bhagat Singh, Niraj Shah[11] portrayed Dr. Gaya Prasad.
References
- ↑ "भगत सिंह, राजगुरु ने कानपुर के जगदीशपुर गांव में खेली थी होली". www.patrika.com (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ "पुण्यतिथि पर नमन किया गया क्रांतिकारी डॉ. गया प्रसाद कटियार को". Dainik Jagran (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ "पंजाब की इस इमारत में दफन है आजादी के मतवालाें के राज - Ujjwal Prabhat | DailyHunt". DailyHunt. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ Samachar, Ajit. "अजीत समाचार | फिरोजपुर शहर के कालू राम की सूचना पर पकड़े गए थे क्रांतिकारी". news.ajitsamachar.com. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ "कालू राम की सूचना पर पकड़े गए थे क्रांतिकारी". Dainik Savera Times (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ 1919-, Sarala, Śrīkr̥shṇa (1999). Indian revolutionaries : a comprehensive study, 1757-1961. Vol. 3. New Delhi: Ocean Books. ISBN 978-8187100157. OCLC 47354233.
{{cite book}}:|last=has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ 1968-, Murthy, R. V. R. (2011). Andaman and Nicobar islands: a saga of freedom struggle. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. ISBN 9788178359038. OCLC 747944694.
{{cite book}}:|last=has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ "Centre releases special stamp on freedom fighter "Shri Gaya Prasad Katiyar" and a set of eight Commemorative Postage Stamps on "Personalities Series: Bihar" & a stamp on "Hardayal Municipal Heritage Public Library"". pib.nic.in. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ "बाहर दवाखाना-अंदर बम बनाने की फैक्ट्री चलाते थें क्रांतिकारी डॉ.गया प्रसाद कटियार, खजूरी खुर्द". www.buddhadarshan.com. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ Delhi (2016-12-26). "Centre releases special stamp on freedom fighter Shri Gaya Prasad Katiyar" and a set of eight Commemorative Postage Stamps on Personalities Series: Bihar" & a stamp on Hardayal Municipal Heritage Public Library"". Business Standard India. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ The Legend of Bhagat Singh (2002), retrieved 2018-08-23